This research has been surveyed on street food and snack intake status of elementary school students in the Jeon Buk region and the recognition of mothers has been observed for the objective of providing base materials for appropriate eating habits and nutritional education. As for status on intake of street food, most students (97.3%) have shown to have eaten from the street vendors while mothers assume low frequency in their child's intake of street food. Favorite street food choices had an agreement between mother and student as ddukbokki and dakkochi. Students were more tolerant in sanitation and necessity of street food than the mothers. This research shows that there is a difference in the recognition of street food between the students and their mothers. There a need required for improvement in the system as to provide quality food and to prevent poor quality food being exposed to the students. Furthermore, practical and appropriate education must be conducted at home and at school for better choices of food and a better lifestyle.
Commerce ; Eating ; Humans ; Life Style ; Mothers ; Sanitation ; Snacks

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms*

No abstract available.
Amenorrhea* ; Female

This is a case report of a cystic hygroma with polycystic kidney in a fetus which was suspected by ultrasonography and was confirmed by autopsy. Recently, we have experienced this case in 25-year old woman repeatedly and we report that with a brief review of relevant literature.
Adult ; Autopsy ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Lymphangioma, Cystic* ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases* ; Ultrasonography

A 58-year-old female with an episode of gross hematuria two months before and fever and chill for the past three days presented oliguric acute renal failure. She has taken NSAID intermittently for 18 years due to rheumatoid arthritis, and herb medicine for one week two months ago when gross hematuria developed. Physical examination revealed mild tenderness on costovertebral angles. Her blood pressure was 170/100 mmHg, the urinalysis showed >300 mg protein with many RBCs and 10-20 WBCs and the serum creatinine was 5.8 mg/dl. A renal biopsy performed on the 4th hospital day showed that it was overwhelmed by severe tubular lesions which reveal intratubular obstruction by massive erythrocyte casts and tubular necrosis. The glomeruli showed focal minimal crescents with many red blood cells entrapped in the crescents and in the capillaries. Immune deposits were not present. A renal failure resolved spontaneously and the patient was discharged three weeks later with creatinine of 2.4 mg/dl. In this patient, acute renal failure was considered to be due to a tubular lesion related to the glomerular bleeding from focal glomerulonephritis revealing minimal crescents.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Biopsy ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; Creatinine ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Fever ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Hematuria* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Physical Examination ; Renal Insufficiency ; Urinalysis

The thickness of the glomerular basement membrane may vary not only in glomerular disease, but also in normal persons according to age and sex. But there has been no data on the normal thickness of the basement membrane in Korea. This study was designed to determine the glomerular basement membrane thickness as a reference value according to age and sex, in 50 cases of minimal change disease obtained from patients aged 2~67 years. Measurement of glomerular basement membrane was made on electron micrograph using an image analyzer. The thickness of each case was estimated by the arithmetic and harmonic mean methods. The mean thickness of the glomerular basement membrane was 291.9 47.9 nm by harmonic mean method and 284.2 43.7 nm by arithmetic mean method. And the harmonic mean thickness of the glomerular basement membrane according to age was 249.1 32.5 nm (1~5 years), 256.6 45.3 nm (6~10 years), 279.2 57.9 nm (11~15 years), 303.2 43.8 nm (16~20 years), 335.3 37.5 nm (21~30 years), and 291.1 22.5 nm (over 30 years), respectively. There was a trend that the thickness of glomerular basement membranes increased with the age till 30 years of age. There was no significant sex-related difference. In conclusion, the mean glomerular basement membrane thickness is comparable to the data from western people and shows a trend of increasing thickness according to the age.
Basement Membrane ; Glomerular Basement Membrane* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Korea ; Nephrosis, Lipoid* ; Reference Values

From january 1968 to Septomber 1977(approximately 10 years) the authors clinically observed 105 cases of malignant curaneous tumors that visited the Department of Dermatology at Chon-nam University Hospital. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1) The incidence of curaneous malignat tumors versus the total number of outpatients visitiong the Department of Dermatology was 0.33 2) The age of onset was quite varied but the majority of cases, 71 cases(67.62%), were over 50 years old. #) The ratio of men to women was 1.56:1. 4) Among the 105 cases of malignant cutaneous tumors the most frequently observed type was squamous cell carcinoma, 40 cases(40.0%) The next most frequent rypes were basal cell carcinoma, 19 cases (18.10%) and malgnant melanoma, 12cases(11.43%) 5) The most common predilection sites were the head and neck in which 55cases(52.38%) were observed. Among these cases the face was most commonly affected, 40 cases(38.10%). The predilection sites of the basal cell carcinoma cases were the nose(47.37%), cheek(21.04%) and eyelid(15.79%). Those of the squamous cell carcinoma cases were the lower lip(26.90%), cheek(24,43) and penis(14,29%). Finally that of the malignant melanoma was the plantar surface(58.34%) 6) We observed metastasis only in wquamous cell carcinoma, Among the 42 cases of squamous cell carcinoma seen, I1 cases showed metastasis, Among these I1 cases of metastasis, 9 cases were metastajzed into the regional lymphnodes, and in 3 cases methstsis to the lung was demonstracted. 7) We found no relationship between the presence of a particular kind of original skin lesion or injury and the development of a cutaneous malignant tumor. some original lesions related to the curaneous malignant tumors we mentosem, radiation, sporotrichosis, neurofibromatosis, etc. 8) One or more of the four following methods of treatment were used on 19 of the observed cases: 1) Surgical Operation 2) Irradiation Therapy. 3) Electrosugery, 4) Chemotherapy, In seven cases(Basal cell carcinoma 5 cases, Squamous cell carcinoma 2 cases) a complete cure was seen, while in five cases(Kaposi's sarcoma 1, case Squamous cell carcinoms 4 cases) the curaneout maligant tumor recurred No improvement was demonstrated in two (Squamous cell carcinoma 1 case, Malignant melanoma 1 case) of the cases and in four cases(Squamous cell carcinoma 3 cases, Malignant Melanoma 1 case) no prognosis could be made because the patients did nor retum to the clinic to complete treatment.
Age of Onset ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; Male ; Melanoma ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neurofibromatoses ; Outpatients ; Prognosis ; Sarcoma ; Skin ; Sporotrichosis

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of the solution-focused group counseling program on the nursing students' problem-solving capacity. METHODS: The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design in quasi-experimental research. The subjects were 16 sophomore nursing students being in K university located in D city. Korea. The period of this research was from January 9 to February 20, 2002. from January 10 to February 21. 2003. The group counseling program that was developed by Kim, Hyeon Mi (2001) on the basis of the fundamental principles of solution-focused therapy of de Shazer. et al. (1986) and the solution-focused group counseling process proposed by Selekman (1991). LaFountain. et al. (1996) and Metcalf (1998) was used after being modified and complemented for the nursing students. The group counseling was carried out six times for 120 minutes per week. The instruments used for this study were the Problem Solving Inventory developed by Heppner and Petersen (1982) and Scaling question. Collected data were analyzed by paired t-test with SPSS program. RESULTS: 1) Problem solving capacity increased after solution-focused group counseling program, but a significant difference was not revealed(t=0.835, p=0.057). 2) The scores of self-confidence with the problem-solving were significantly increased when it was compared with the 1st and the 6th(t=3.587, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: It seems that the solution-focused group counseling program should be considered as an effective nursing intervention program for the nursing students by improving self-confidence with the problem-solving. As a results, this study suggests that the specific techniques used in the solution focused therapy should be applied actively in areas of counseling and communication training for the nursing students and nurses.
Complement System Proteins ; Counseling* ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing* ; Problem Solving ; Research Design ; Students, Nursing*

No abstract available.