No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False* ; Myocardial Infarction*

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Fluconazole* ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea*

No abstract available.
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular* ; Kidney Failure, Chronic*

No abstract available.
Carbon*

BACKGROUND: Superior migration of humeral head has been conventionally determined by measuring the acromiohumeral distance (AHD), We sought to devise a novel measurement system more reliably and accurately than AHD. We described a structural landmark called 'C-line'. In this study, we investigated the clinical usefulness of 'step-off of the C-line (SOC)' compared to that of AHD. METHODS: The C-line formed from the medial margin of the proximal humeral head continuing up to the inferior margin of the articular glenoid and then to the lateral border of the scapula. The superior migration of the humeral head triggered by a rotator cuff tear introduces a discontinuity in this C-line. We measured the distance of this discontinuity. We enrolled 144 patients who underwent a rotator cuff repair. We selected 58 controls who didn't have any cuff lesions apparent on magnetic resonance imaging. Using radiographs derived from standardized true anteroposterior views of the shoulder, we measured the SOC and the AHD. We used t-tests for statistical analyses. RESULTS: A rotator cuff tear was associated with an increase in SOC and a decrease in AHD. In control group, the mean SOC was 1.29 ± 1.71 mm and AHD was 9.71 ± 2.65 mm. In cuff tear group, the mean SOC was 3.15 ± 3.41 mm and AHD was 8.28 ± 1.76 mm. The mean SOCs of the patient group in relation to the mean SOC of the control group according to tear size, the SOCs of medium tear and lager groups showed statistically significant increase (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The SOC may be a similarly effective to diagnose cuff tears of medium size and larger compared with AHD.
Humans ; Humeral Head* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods* ; Rotator Cuff ; Scapula ; Shoulder ; Tears

Many investigators have studied the effects of commonly used general anesthetic agents on CNS and found that a variety of congintive functions including psychomotor activity, assciative learning and short-term tasks were affected by anesthetice, and the ability of inhalstional anesthetics to depress or ebhance neuronal excitibility depends on the anesthetics, the anesthetic conectration, and particular brain region examined. To study the effects of inhalational snesthetics on meomory and congnitive function in human, we selected 123 patients scheduled for elective surgery, in ASA Phyaical Status Class I or II, for experimental group. But the patients undergoing a major surgery and with previous neuropsychiatrie history were excluded. As control group, 92 healthy volunteers were selected. Three tests Bender Gestalt Test, Trail Making B Test and Cognitive Cspacity Screening Examination-were performed on the properative day and the 4-5th postoperative day in experimental group. In control group these tests were performed tow times at the aame intervals. The mean performance ratos (II/ IX100) (i.e I is the score in the first examination and 3 id the score in the second examination)in experimental group were compared with those in control group. Results were as follows; 1. Bender Gestalt Test The mean performance ratios of control group 104.2+/-8.8 in man, 104.7+/-9.8 in woman and 104.5+/-9.4 in total control group. In experimental group they were 102.6+/-9.2 in man, 105.3+/-9.5 in woman and 104.9+/-9.2 in total experimental group. 2. Trail Making B Test The mean performance ratios of control group were 99.8+/-8.3 in ma, 97.6+/-10.0 in woman and 98.8+/-10.0 in total control group. In experimental group they were 99.2+/-13.5 in man, 97.9+/-14.0 in woman and 98.5+/-14.7 in total experimental group. 3. Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination The mean performance ratios of control group were 100.9+/-3.9 in man, 100.2+/-3.4 in woman snd 100.5+/-3.3 in total control group. In experimental group they were 99.4+/-2.1 in man, 101.6+/-3.7 in woman and 101.2+/-3.6 in total experimental The performance ratios of Congitive Capacity Sereening Examination in woman were signifi- cantly increased in experimental group, compared with control group. (p<0.05), but no differences were observed in total experimental group. The performance ratios of Bender Gestalt Test and Trail Making B Test in experimental group were increased more thatn those in control group but no statistical singificance was observed. According to these results we could confirm that inhalational anesthetics hsve no significant effects on memory and congnitive function.
Anesthetics* ; Bender-Gestalt Test ; Brain ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Learning ; Mass Screening ; Memory* ; Neurons ; Research Personnel

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore emergency room nurse's work experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were collected from 15 registered nurses working in the emergency room between October, 10th and December 15th, 2020, through focus group interviews and in depth interviews.Collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: The study derived four categories and eight themes. The four categories are ‘sense of cringing with fear’, ‘nursing in chaotic situation’, ‘lonely struggles’, and ‘career growth as a nurse’. Emergency room nurses experienced fear and confusion in the COVID-19 pandemic, but overcame the crisis and had positive experiences of professional growth as a nurse. Conclusion To protect emergency room nurses from infectious disease and improve their professional quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic appropriate education and healthcare resource should be provided. It is necessary to reflect clinical worker's opinions and improve the delivery system of guideline to reduce confusion in the field and develop practical infectious disease control guideline. Furthermore, better working conditions, appropriate rewards and social and mental support should be provided for nurses in emergency room.

Tick-borne pathogens can cause serious problems in grazing cattle. However, little information is available on tick-mediated diseases in cattle grazing on mountains. Thus, this study aimed to understand the potential problems related to tick-borne diseases in grazing cattle through the investigation of prevalent tick-transmitted infections, and their associated hematological changes, in terms of season and grazing type in Korean indigenous cattle (=Hanwoo). Hanwoo cattle from 3 regions of the Republic of Korea (=Korea) were either maintained indoors or placed on grassy mountains from spring to fall of 2014 and 2015. Cattle that grazed in mountainous areas showed a greater prevalence of tick-borne infections with an increased Theileria orientalis infection rate (54.7%) compared to that in non-grazing cattle (16.3%) (P < 0.001). Accordingly, the red blood cell (RBC) count and hematocrit (HCT) values of grazing cattle were significantly lower than those of non-grazing cattle throughout the season (P < 0.05). Moreover, RBC, hemoglobin (Hb), and HCT of T. orientalis-positive group were significantly lower than those of T. orientalis-negative group (P < 0.05). T. orientalis is a widespread tick-borne pathogen in Korea. Grazing of cattle in mountainous areas is closely associated with an increase in T. orientalis infection (RR=3.4, P < 0.001), and with consequent decreases in RBC count and HCT. Thus, these findings suggest that the Hanwoo cattle in mountainous areas of Korea are at a high risk of infection by T. orientalis, which can lead to hematological alterations. This study highlights the necessity of preventive strategies that target T. orientalis infection.
Animals ; Cattle* ; Erythrocytes ; Hematocrit ; Korea ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea ; Seasons ; Theileria* ; Tick-Borne Diseases

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The combination of an aging population with a chronic diseased population is leading to an increase in the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Korean population and to evaluate its related factors for sex differences. METHODS: From April 2007 to December 2008, a total of 2,729 volunteers aged 40-69 years living in Changwon city underwent a clinical examination at a hospital in Changwon, Korea. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed following the criteria defined in Circulation 2009. The clinical examination included measuring anthropometric variables and cardiovascular risk factors, while lifestyle factors were assessed through a questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our sampling pool was 25.2% with a break down by sex showing a rate of 30.2% in men and 22.2% in women. Related factors associated with metabolic syndrome common to both sex were age, self-health assessment, and alcohol consumption. Sleep duration seemed to be a related factor in men, while income, education, and menstruation status played significant roles in women. CONCLUSIONS: To better manage metabolic syndrome, men need to be educated on alcohol use and women of low socioeconomic status require particular attention as do the aging population and postmenopausal women.
Adult ; Aged ; Aging ; Alcohol Drinking ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Male ; Menstruation ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sex Characteristics ; Social Class