This survey was carried out to study the difference of nutrient intake, food behavior and health condition according to food intake diversity in the elderly(age 65 year over and 74 year under) in a local city. A diet survey with one day 24-recall method was used for 216 subjects(65 male & 151 female). Based on a food intake diversity examination, including an evaluation of KDDS(Korean's Dietary Diversity Score ; counts the number of food groups consumed daily from total five food groups(cereal, meat, vegetable, dairy, and oil groups)), Meal Balance(apply the KDDS at breakfast, lunch and dinner), and DVS(Dietary Variety Score ; total number of foods consumed), subjects were clustered according to food intake diversity. Food intake diversity patterns of male and female clusters were classified each into threes(Male-low group(24.6%), middle group(33.8%), and high group(41.5%)/Female low group(41.7%) middle group(37.1%), and high group(21.2%). The averages of KDDS, Meal Balance and DVS were 3.0, 7.5, 14.8 in the male middle group, and 4.5, 10.2, 25.7 in the male high group, 2.7, 6.3, 14.3 in the female low group, 4.0, 8.6, 18.0 in the female middle group, and 4.5, 10.5, 25.7 in the female high group respectively. The average dairy intake of nutrients below the RDA were energy, protein, Ca, Fe, Vitamin A, Vitamin B2 and niacin in the male low group, energy, protein, Ca, Fe, Vitamin A, Vitamin B2 in the male middle group and energy, Ca, Vitamin B2 in the male high group but a little. Also the female low group had intakes of all nutrients except Vitamin C, the middle group had intakes of energy, protein, Ca, Fe, Vitamin A, Vitamin B2, and the female high group had intakes of energy, Ca, Vitamin A below the RDA respectively. Food intake diversity increasing, nutrient intake, food behavior and health condition proved to be good. This study explored the usefulness of cluster analysis in identifying food intake diversity of three groups of the elderly in relation to their nutrient intake, food behavior and health conditions.
Aged* ; Ascorbic Acid ; Breakfast ; Diet Surveys ; Eating* ; Female ; Humans ; Lunch ; Male ; Meals ; Meat ; Niacin ; Riboflavin ; Vegetables ; Vitamin A

The purpose of this research of this research was to survey the health of 181 male and 130 female students at K University in Chunganm from June 1 to June 23, 2001. It analyzed the students' dietary behaviors, life styles and perceived body shapes and the correlation of these factors to the health condition of the students surveyed. The results of the survey are summarized as follows. The average nutrition knowledge score (out of a possible 20 points), dietary attitudes score (out of a possible 50 points) and dietary habits score (out of a possible 30 points) were 8.66, 33.14 and 19.02 for males, and 9.99, 32.64, and 19.05 for females, respectively. The percentages of those who smoked, drank, smoked and drank and exercised regularly were 55.2, 92.8, 54.1, 82.9% for males, and 6.9, 91.5, 6.9, 63.1 for females, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of males smoked, drank, and exercised as compared to females (p<0.001). The percentages of students who were underweight, normal or overweight by BMI were 5.0, 79.0 and 16.0 for males, and 20.0, 78.5 and 1.5 for females, respectively. Fifty percent of females indicated that they felt they were obese, versus only 31.1% of males. Half of the females thought they were fattish, while only 31.1% of males thought that. Seventy-six point nine percent of females and 61.9% of males, more females than males, were dissatisfied with their weights. The health scores (the higher the point, the better the health condition) of the females (44.17) were significantly lower than those of the males (47.17) (p<0.001). A stepwise multiple regression analysis with health scores as the dependent variable and other scores as independent variables, indicated that the health scores of males were highly correlated with satisfaction with his body weight, smoking and drinking, and perceived body shape, whereas the females' health scores were highly correlated with obesity level, satisfaction with her body weight, and smoking and drinking.
Body Weight ; Chungcheongnam-do* ; Drinking ; Female ; Food Habits* ; Humans ; Life Style* ; Male ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thinness ; Weights and Measures

Acute infarcts of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) territory are unusual. Furthermore incomplete AICA infarcts are perplexing because of its variations of vascular anatomy and inconsistent clinical features. We present a case with clinical features of AICA infarction, which consist of ipsilateral peripheral-type facial palsy, vertigo, and contralateral facial and upper limb sensory changes without motor weakness. The patient had hypertension and was a current smoker. The high signal intensity on inferior pontine tegmental area was found on MRI and the R2 interneuronal dysfunction was note on Blink reflex. The angiographic findings didn't show any focal vascular lesions, which is contrary to the pathogenesis of AICA infarction published previously. On the clinical ground, the present case reserves to attention in that patients with peripheral-type facial palsy should be properly evaluated and with thorough neurological examination and we could differentiate between the incomplete AICA infarcts such as Gasperini syndrome and Bell's palsy.
Arteries ; Bell Palsy ; Blinking ; Facial Paralysis* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction ; Interneurons ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurologic Examination ; Upper Extremity ; Vertigo

Although potential hematologic complications of carbamazepine (CBZ) have been well known, the cardiac effects of CBZ are not widely appreciated. We report two cases of severe bradyarrhythmia induced by the usual dosage of CBZ. Two elderly patients complained of chest discomfort and dyspnea after CBZ medication. Their EKGs showed sinus bradycardia with junctional escape rhythm. After the discontinuation of CBZ, cardiac conduction abnormality were resolved. Even though cardiac side effect of CBZ is rare, it is potentially lethal in elderly patients.
Aged* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Bradycardia* ; Carbamazepine* ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Thorax ; United Nations

Microcopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a systemic disorder affecting small vessels. In MPA, the central nervous system involvements have rarely been reported. We experienced a case of MPA with subdural effusion and pachymeningitis in a 50-year-old woman. The diagnosis of MPA was made by the presence of mononeuritis multiplex, hematuria, pachymeningitis, and p-ANCA seropositivity in this patient. Subdural effusion was of exudates and an active suppurative inflammation was observed on the dural biopsy.
Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; Biopsy ; Central Nervous System ; Diagnosis ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Meningitis ; Microscopic Polyangiitis* ; Middle Aged ; Mononeuropathies ; Subdural Effusion*

BACKGROUND: Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) infusion is the only established treatment for acute ischemic stroke so far. We explored whether the demonstrated efficacy of r-tPA could be applied to communi-ty-based hospitals in Korea and whether the immediate improvements after r-tPA infusion had any predicting value for long-term outcomes. METHODS:Twenty-six patients (mean age, 69; 46% female) with acute ischemic stroke were treated with r-tPA, abiding by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) protocol. The Neurological status was measured with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at baseline, at 1 hour after r-tPA , at 24 hours, and at 7 days and the functional outcome was evaluated with the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Barthel Index at 90 days after stroke. RESULTS: Of 26 patients, 16 (62%) made full recovery or became independent, 4 (15%) had severe physical disability, and 6 (23%) patients died. Three patients (11.5%) had intracranial hemorrhage (asymptomatic, 2; symptomatic, 1). There were no significant differences in age, sex, risk factors, baseline NIHSS scores, hemorrhagic complication, initial brain CT abnormalities, and onset to needle time between good (full recovery or mRS 0-2) and poor groups (mRS 3-5 or death) at day 90, except for the improvement of NIHSS examined at 1 hour after r-tPA (repeated measured ANOVA test, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The NINDS r-tPA protocol is feasible in the community-based hospitals in Korea with the safety and efficacy comparable to the results of NINDS r-tPA trials. In addition, we suggest that the immediate neurological improvement after r-tPA be a predictor for favorable long-term outcomes. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(4):364~369, 2001)
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Korea ; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Needles ; Risk Factors ; Stroke* ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: The peripheral nerve is known to be vulnerable to electrical injury. However, the character and mechanism of electrical injury to the peripheral nerve is not well established in clinical conditions. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the nerve conduction study (NCS) data of patients who had high voltage electrical injury in their upper extremities. RESULTS: Among 16 extremities studied, nine had abnormal NCS findings. Nine of 12 extremities, whose input/output were distal to wrist, showed abnormal NCS findings. In contrast, all four extremities, whose input/output points were their forearm, had normal NCS findings. In the patients who had abnormal NCS findings, the distal portion experienced more severe damage than the proximal portion. CONCLUSIONS: Input/output points are important factors in the electrical injury to the peripheral nerve. Joule heating seems to be a more important mechanism of electrical peripheral nerve injury.
Burns* ; Extremities ; Forearm ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries* ; Peripheral Nerves* ; Retrospective Studies ; Upper Extremity ; Wrist