No abstract available.

PURPOSE: We studied to determine whether the degenerative spondylolisthesis has rotary deformity in addition to forward displacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have made an analysis of difference of rotary deformity between the 31 study groups of symptomatic degenerative spondylolisthesis and 31 control groups without any symptom,statistically. We also reviewed CT findings in 15 study groups. RESULTS: The mean rotary deformity in study groups was 6.1 degree(the standard deviation is 5.20), and the mean rotary deformity in control groups was 2.52 degree(the standard deviation is 2.16)(p <0.01) CONCLUSION: The rotary deformity can be accompanied with degenerative spondylolisthesis. We may consider the rotary deformity as a cause of symptomatic degenerative spondylolisthesis in case that any other cause is not detected.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Spondylolisthesis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among distress from drinking, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy and outcome expectancy in youths. METHOD: The participants in this study were 174 university students who were enrolled by convenience sampling. The data were collected from March to August, 2005. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients with SPSS 12.0 were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the physical distress from drinking according to gender, age, residence, drinking frequency and drinking capacity. There were significant differences in alcohol abstinence self-efficacy by drinking frequency and drinking capacity. There were significant differences in drinking outcome expectancy according to gender, drinking frequency and drinking capacity. The physical distress from drinking showed a significant positive correlation with alcohol abstinence self-efficacy (r=.312, p=.000) and negative correlation with drinking outcome expectancy (r=-.353, p=.000). Alcohol abstinence self-efficacy showed a significant negative correlation with drinking outcome expectancy (r=-.387, p=.000). CONCLUSION: There were relationships among physical distress from drinking, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, and drinking outcome expectancy. These findings provide the basis to prevent problems of drinking by developing alcohol control program for university students.
Adolescent ; Alcohol Drinking ; Drinking ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic ; Stress, Physiological

To investigate epithelial cell proliferation reactivity in the odontogenic cysts, the expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein by epithelial lining was studied in odontogenic keratocyst(OKC, n=10), dentigerous cyst(DC, n=12), radicular cyst(RC, n=12) and normal dental follicle(n=7). The c-erbB-2 immunoreactivity was studied using a streptavidine- biotin- peroxidase method with polyclonal rabbit anti-human antibody to c-erbB-2 oncoprotein which is known to react with formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded sections and the intensity of staining was determined by manually. In all of 10(100%) OKCs, showed positive expression for c-erbB-2 oncoprotein compared with 10/12(83.3%) in DCs, 11/12(91.7%) in RCs and 5/7(71.4%) in normal dental follicles. The expression within OKC was higher than that of DC, RC and dental follicle but statistically not significant(p>0.05) and but may reflects underlying genetic defect. These results demonstrate differences in c-erbB-2 expression between the epithelial linings of the three major odontogenic cyst types, indicating differences in proliferation activity and differentiation processes within these lesions. And, in particular, these results are able to explain the peculiar aggressive growth pattern of OKC.
Dental Sac ; Epithelial Cells ; Formaldehyde ; Immunohistochemistry ; Odontogenic Cysts* ; Peroxidase

PURPOSE: To determine whether initial corrected anion gap (C(o)AG), base excess caused by unmeasured anions (BEua), and strong ion gap (SIG) can predict the morbidity of critically ill patients admitted to emergency department (ED). METHODS: 138 patients who visited the critical section of the ED and were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled. We calculated the C(o)AG, BEua, and SIG from the initial blood samples of the patients and initial logistic organ dysfunction score (LODS) also. Then we measured the LODS at the last day of ICU stay again. Comparing with the initial LODS, we divided the patients into two groups based on the changes of the values: favorable group and poor group. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the mean AGcorr (p=0.007), BEua (p=0.008), SIG (p=0.037) between favorable and poor group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves for morbidity prediction were relatively small: 0.66 (95% CI, 0.56-0.77) for C(o)AG, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.54-0.76) for BEua, and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.49-0.70) for SIG. CONCLUSION: We found the initial unmeasured anions at the ED of the patients who eventually showed improved LODS during ICU period are significantly different to those of the other patients. But they failed to show enough capability of discriminating the morbidities between two groups.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Anions* ; Critical Illness* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Organ Dysfunction Scores ; Organization and Administration ; ROC Curve

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Onion, particularly onion peel, is a quercetin-rich food with, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of onion peel extract (OPE) in humans is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether OPE improves natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine concentration in a randomized doubleblind placebo-controlled trial. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eighty participants aged 19–64 yrs old with a white blood cell count of 4,000–10,000 cells/µL, symptoms of upper respiratory infection at least once within the previous 12 mon, and perceived stress scale (PSS) over 14 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to take either 1,000 mg/day OPE or a placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Compliance were 87.4 ± 8.6% and 86.9 ± 79.0% in OPE and placebo groups.Compared to the placebo, OPE supplementation improved “Hoarseness” (P = 0.038) of the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 symptom, and stress scores (P = 0.001; 0.021) of PSS. Supplementation of OPE had no significant effect on NK cell activity and concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At baseline, the WURSS-21 symptom and PSS score (P = 0.024;0.026) were higher in the OPE group than the placebo group. Among participants with higher than median WURSS-21 symptom score, OPE supplementation increased NK cell activity (P = 0.038). Supplementation of OPE had no significant effects on safety measurements and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that OPE supplementation improves NK cell activity in participants with moderate upper respiratory symptoms without any significant adverse effects.

The clinical syndrome of venoocclusive disease of the liver is one of several manifestations of regimen-related toxicity that can occur after high-dose cytoreductive therapy. Hepatic dysfunction after bone marrow transplantation may result from a number of causes such as pretransplant chemoradiation, graft-versus host disease, drugs for prophylaxis of graft-versus host disease, venoocclusive disease, various infections, and infiltration of recurrent malignancy. The clinical distinction of these causes may be difficult and the treatment of each cause is also quite different. Therefore the diagnosis of veno-occlusive disease is important. Veno-occlusive disease affects zone 3 of the liver acinus and produces a syndrome of jaundice, painful hepatomegaly, and fluid retention. Veno-occlusive disease occurs in up to 50% of the patients who undergo BMT and is usually associated with a high mortality rate. In Korea, there are a few case reports on venoocclusive disease after BMT which were only confirmed by clinical symptoms. This is a first report of two cases of hepatic veno-occlusive disease after allogenic BMT, which were proven by laparoscopic liver biopsy in our country.
Biopsy* ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Diagnosis ; Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease* ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Liver* ; Mortality

The clinical syndrome of venoocclusive disease of the liver is one of several manifestations of regimen-related toxicity that can occur after high-dose cytoreductive therapy. Hepatic dysfunction after bone marrow transplantation may result from a number of causes such as pretransplant chemoradiation, graft-versus host disease, drugs for prophylaxis of graft-versus host disease, venoocclusive disease, various infections, and infiltration of recurrent malignancy. The clinical distinction of these causes may be difficult and the treatment of each cause is also quite different. Therefore the diagnosis of veno-occlusive disease is important. Veno-occlusive disease affects zone 3 of the liver acinus and produces a syndrome of jaundice, painful hepatomegaly, and fluid retention. Veno-occlusive disease occurs in up to 50% of the patients who undergo BMT and is usually associated with a high mortality rate. In Korea, there are a few case reports on venoocclusive disease after BMT which were only confirmed by clinical symptoms. This is a first report of two cases of hepatic veno-occlusive disease after allogenic BMT, which were proven by laparoscopic liver biopsy in our country.
Biopsy* ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Diagnosis ; Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease* ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Liver* ; Mortality

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of bone cement-augmented short segment fixation using percutaneous screws for thoracolumbar burst fractures in a background of severe osteoporosis. METHODS: Sixteen patients with a single-level thoracolumbar burst fracture (T11-L2) accompanying severe osteoporosis treated from January 2008 to November 2009 were prospectively analyzed. Surgical procedures included postural reduction for 3 days and bone cement augmented percutaneous screw fixation at the fracture level and at adjacent levels without bone fusion. Due to the possibility of implant failure, patients underwent implant removal 12 months after screw fixation. Imaging and clinical findings, including involved vertebral levels, local kyphosis, canal encroachment, and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: Prior to surgery, mean pain score (visual analogue scale) was 8.2 and this decreased to a mean of 2.2 at 12 months after screw fixation. None of the patients complained of pain worsening during the 6 months following implant removal. The percentage of canal compromise at the fractured level improved from a mean of 41.0% to 18.4% at 12 months after surgery. Mean kyphotic angle was improved significantly from 19.8degrees before surgery to 7.8 at 12 months after screw fixation. Canal compromise and kyphotic angle improvements were maintained at 6 months after implant removal. No significant neurological deterioration or complications occurred after screw removal in any patient. CONCLUSION: Bone cement augmented short segment fixation using a percutaneous system can be an alternative to the traditional open technique for the management of selected thoracolumbar burst fractures accompanied by severe osteoporosis.
Humans ; Kyphosis ; Osteoporosis ; Prospective Studies

Despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma has not significantly improved over the past several decades. Gene therapy is currently under investigation and shows us new possibility of cancer curing method. This experiment was undergone to find out the cell growth inhibition effect and evidence of apoptosis by HCCS-1(human cervical cancer suppressor-1), one of the candidates of tumor suppressor gene, transducted to human oral cancer cell line. To determine the efficiency of the adenovirus as a gene delivery vector cell line was transducted with LacZ gene and analysed with X-gal staining. Northern blot was performed to confirm the transfection with HSCC-1 gene and cell viability was assessed by cell cytotoxicity assay using cell count kit(CCK). To show the evidence of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation assay and flow cytometry(FACS) were performed. We had successfully construct the recombinant HSCC-1 adenovirus(Ad5CMV-HCCS-1), and importation efficiency was 20% at 2 MOI(multiplicity of infection), 80% at 20 MOI. Northern blot analysis showed that a single 0.6kb mRNA transcript was expressed in Ad5CMV-HCCS-1 transducted cell lines. As a result of CCK, when comparing to control subjects, transducted group showed 50% growth inhibition. In DNA fragmentation assay, according to increasing of MOI, DNA volume was diminished. In FACS analysis, DNA distribution showed fragmentation.This results imply that HCCS-1gene has growth inhibition effect in human oral cancer cell lines through apoptosis induction.
Adenoviridae* ; Apoptosis* ; Blotting, Northern ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Count ; Cell Line* ; Cell Survival ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Drug Therapy ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genes, vif ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Lac Operon ; Mouth Neoplasms* ; Radiotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; Transfection ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms