No abstract available.

Conjunctival tuberculosis has become a rare disease in these days along with decreased incidence of systemic tuberculosis. We experienced a 43-year-old patient with large pinguecula-like protruding mass on the medial bulbar surface which was later diagnosed as conjuctival tuberculoma histopathologically. Evidence of systemic tuberculosis could not be found from any other organs of the body. This case raises the possibility that conjunctival tuberculoma may be misdiagnosed as a simple pingueculum unless histopathologic examination is performed. Brief history and clinical findings will be presented with pictures of the pathology findings, and some literatures will be reviewed.
Adult ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pathology ; Rare Diseases ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis*

PURPOSE: Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) is known to have effective antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The main bioactive components of PG are saponins, and these could contribute to anti-inflammatory activity. However, little is known about the anti-inflammatory effect of PG. In this study, we aim to assess the anti-inflammatory response to Red PG Extract (RPGE) in splenocytes under ex vivo conditions. METHODS: The cell viability of isolated splenocytes taken from mice was analyzed by performing a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The productions of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines (specifically interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10)) were measured utilizing Griess reagent and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: We found that co-treatment with RPGE and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) decreased isolated splenocyte proliferation as compared with that of the LPS-stimulated control. We also observed that RPGE markedly suppressed NO synthesis and IL-6 production that was induced by LPS. There were no significant differences of IL-10 production between co-treatment with RPGE plus LPS and treatment with LPS alone. CONCLUSION: When taken together, our data has shown that RPGE mitigates LPS-induced inflammation in splenocytes isolated from mice. Further research is surely needed to confirm the anti-inflammation effects of RPGE in an in vivo model.
Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Survival ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-6 ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide ; Platycodon ; Saponins

Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma is derived from the marginal zone B-cell compartment and can be found at wide variety of extranodal sites, most frequently at the gastrointestinal sites. Recent clinicopathologic studies suggest a relationship between MALT lymphoma and chronic inflammatory disorders, such as Helicobacter pylori infection in stomach or autoimmune disorders, such as Sj gren's syndrome in salivary glands. Primary gastrointestinal MALT lymphoma most commonly arises in the stomach and less often in the small and large intestine. Recently we experienced a case who had MALT lymphoma and tuberculous enteritis at the same site (jejunum) confirmed by exploratory laparotomy.
B-Lymphocytes ; Enteritis* ; Helicobacter pylori ; Intestine, Large ; Intestine, Small ; Jejunum* ; Laparotomy ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Salivary Glands ; Stomach

BACKGROUND: Recently Live blood analysis was populated in korean society. so we evaluated clinical utility of Live blood analysis, as compared the Live blood analysis result of patients who have confirmed diagnosis of disease with that of controls who have no known health problems. METHODS: We carried out Live blood analysis to patients(n=30) who was entered to an admission in Yongdong severance hospital from February 2000 to March 2000 and to controls(n=30) who worked in that hospital at same time. We examined 3 abnormal finding; rouleau formation, spicule, protoplast, which were often observed in Live blood analysis. RESULTS: At comparison of patient group and control group, rouleau formation was observed in 27 patients except 3 patients and it was observed in all 30 controls. Spicule was observed 2in 9 patients except 1 patients and it was observed in all 30 controls. Protoplast was observed in 16 patients and 13 controls. There was no difference between patients and controls in observing 3 abnormal finding. CONCLUSION: We conclude that Live blood analysis may have no clinical significance.
Complementary Therapies ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Protoplasts

Pediatric lymphangioma can occur at any site. However the neck is the most common site. There are two treatment modalities (surgical excision and intralesional injection) for lymphangiomas. But, the treatment guide line for lymphangioma has not been established, yet. The aim of this study is to establish the treatment guide line based on our experience with lymphangiomas. Medical records of 82 cases of lymphangioma were reviewed retrospectively. On MRI (magnetic resonance image) findings, lymphangiomas were divided into 4 groups by the proportion of the cyst bigger than 2 cm in diameter of the tumor; group A-proportion of cyst occupies more than 75%, group B-proportion of the cyst 50~75%, group C-25~50%, and D in less than 25%. All patients were treated with OK-432 intralesional injection as the initial treatment. The effective response rates of OK-432 in group A & B were 88.2% and 88.8%, respectively. Group C response was 38.0% and D only 20.0%. Twenty-three patients received surgical excision. The result of surgical excision was generally satisfactory. Surgical site infection occurred in 1 case and postoperative bleeding in 1 case. Theses results indicate that intralesional injection of OK-432 could be the first line therapy in group A & B. In group C, OK-432 would be better as the first line therapy than surgery. For the group D, surgical excision should be the first line of treatment.
Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Lymphangioma ; Medical Records ; Neck ; Picibanil ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

PURPOSE: In this study the present status of the practicum in Fundamentals of Nursing and test for student competency in nursing skills were surveyed. METHOD: Participants included 72 nursing schools. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS 17.0 for data analysis. RESULTS: Credits for Fundamentals of Nursing, credits for practicum and hours per credit were 2.93, 7.34, and 2.14 respectively. Number of students per practice unit, full time assistants and students per assistant were 28.6, 0.6, and 20.2 respectively. Utilization of CPX room and OSCE room for practice was 5.6%, and 9.7% respectively. Of the school, 32.0% included clinical practice in the practicum. 90.3% provided an open lab but only 48.4% had full-time assistants for these clinical practice areas. Testing for nursing skill competency was performed twice a semester in most schools. Utilization of standard patients and high fidelity models for testing was 8.3%, and 23.6% respectively. The test was thought to be inappropriate in 33.4% of the schools. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that to improve the outcomes, the practicum for Fundamentals of Nursing needs to be changed to include expansion of facilities and human resources, utilization of standard patients and high fidelity models and development of appropriate test methods.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Humans ; Pyridines ; Schools, Nursing ; Statistics as Topic ; Thiazoles

BACKGROUND: This study examined moderating effects of optimism and family support on the depression of family caregivers of cancer patients aged 55 and over by adopting stress process model. METHODS: 359 family caregivers who accompanied with cancer patients to out-patient clinics were recruited and completed questionnaire at three university hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to test validity of the construction of the scale. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to determine moderating effects of optimism and family support on depression after making mean centering of each variable. RESULTS: Results showed that spouse caregivers have more depression than do adult children as the nursing period gets longer. Education and income status were significant variables affecting depression of family caregivers. Optimism and family support for family caregivers have moderating effects on the association between stressors (emotional functioning of cancer patients and role overload of family caregivers) and depression of family caregivers. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that more attentions are needed to the depression of spouse caregivers. Interventions are strongly recommended for health professionals to provide cancer patients and their family caregivers with "holding environments" caring for emotions and facilitating adjustment.
Adult Children ; Attention ; Caregivers* ; Depression* ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Occupations ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Nursing ; Optimism* ; Outpatients ; Seoul

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHS) can be diagnosed when prolonged eosinophilia and organ involvement are evident without specific etiologic factors. Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is hepatic venous outflow obstruction, regardless of the cause or level of obstruction. Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with idiopathic hypereosinophic syndrome seems to be very rare, and only a few reports of such cases have been published. We experienced a 27-years-old man presented as BCS associated with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Liver pathology revealed sinosoidal dilation, extravasated red blood cells and some degree of fibrosis. Liver sonogram, CT and inferior venocavogram didn't show visualization of hepatic vein and a short segmental narrowing of IVC. We present a case of BCS associated with IHS with review of literatures.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome* ; Eosinophilia ; Erythrocytes ; Fibrosis ; Hepatic Veins ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome* ; Liver ; Pathology