BACKGROUND: Recently, the consumption of away-from-home meals has increased in Korea. This study aimed to evaluate the association of away-from-home-meals and hypertension in Korean adults.METHODS: This cross-sectional survey included 5,533 adults aged 20 to 65 from the 2016 and 2017 results of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Away-from-home meals are defined as meals other than home-cooked food (including delivery food, packaged food, school meals, and religious group food). The frequency of away-from-home meals was classified into three categories: 1) ≥14/week, 2) 5–13/week, and 3) ≤4/week. Moreover, age was classified into three categories: 1) aged 20 to 39, 40 to 59, and 3) age≥60. The association between away-from-home meals and hypertension for each age group was analyzed using logistic regression methods.RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension in adults who consumed away-from-home meals ≥14/week was higher than in those who consumed away-from-home meals ≤13/week. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio for hypertension was 1.327 (95% confidence interval: 0.934–1.885) for those who consumed away-from-home meals ≥14/week and 1.109 (95% confidence interval: 0.860–1.429) for those consumed away-from-home meals 5–13/week.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that there is no association between increased consumption of away-from-home meals and hypertension in Korean adults.
Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Meals ; Nutrition Surveys ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Sodium

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of central nervous system (CNS) failure in Korean patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched breast cancer treated with surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy (RT). METHODS: A total of 749 patients from eight institutions were enrolled in this study. All of them underwent surgery followed by postoperative RT from 2003 to 2011; 246 (32.8%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 649 (81.7%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Adjuvant trastuzumab was administered to 386 patients (48.6%). RESULTS: The median follow-up duration was 84 (range, 8–171) months. The 7-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 79.0% and 84.2%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, mastectomy, nodal involvement, and presence of lymphatic invasion were correlated with poor overall survival (p = 0.004, 0.022, and 0.011, respectively), whereas T stage and lymphatic invasion were associated with disease-free survival (p = 0.018 and 0.005, respectively). Regarding CNS failures, 30 brain metastases, 2 leptomeningeal metastases, and 8 brain and leptomeningeal metastases were noted. The 7-year CNS relapse-free survival rates in patients receiving and not receiving trastuzumab were 91.2% and 96.9%, respectively (p = 0.005). On multivariate analysis, the administration of adjuvant trastuzumab was the only prognostic factor in predicting a higher CNS failure rate (hazard ratio, 2.260; 95% confidence interval, 1.076–4.746; p = 0.031). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant trastuzumab was associated with higher CNS failure rate in Korean patients with HER2-enriched breast cancer. Close monitoring and reasonable approaches such as CNS penetrating HER2 blockades combined with the current standard therapy could contribute to improving intracranial tumor control and quality of life in patients with CNS metastasis from HER2-enriched breast cancer.
Brain ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; Central Nervous System ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Quality of Life ; Radiation Oncology ; Radiotherapy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Trastuzumab