BACKGROUND: Recently Live blood analysis was populated in korean society. so we evaluated clinical utility of Live blood analysis, as compared the Live blood analysis result of patients who have confirmed diagnosis of disease with that of controls who have no known health problems. METHODS: We carried out Live blood analysis to patients(n=30) who was entered to an admission in Yongdong severance hospital from February 2000 to March 2000 and to controls(n=30) who worked in that hospital at same time. We examined 3 abnormal finding; rouleau formation, spicule, protoplast, which were often observed in Live blood analysis. RESULTS: At comparison of patient group and control group, rouleau formation was observed in 27 patients except 3 patients and it was observed in all 30 controls. Spicule was observed 2in 9 patients except 1 patients and it was observed in all 30 controls. Protoplast was observed in 16 patients and 13 controls. There was no difference between patients and controls in observing 3 abnormal finding. CONCLUSION: We conclude that Live blood analysis may have no clinical significance.
Complementary Therapies ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Protoplasts

BACKGROUND: In Korea, new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients continue to be diagnosed. Due to the development of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and lengthening of survival period of infected person, the aspect of skin diseases of HIV-infected patients is also changing. OBJECTIVE: To determine skin diseases of HIV-infected patients according to immune status and the relationship between folliculitis and HAART drug. METHODS: Subjects were HIV-infected patients who were treated in the department of dermatology from September 1, 2008 to August 31, 2018. Medical records of 376 subjects were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of 376 patients were studied, tinea infection, folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis were the most common regardless of their CD4 T cell counts or treatment group (initial treatment or retreatment). Seborrheic dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, and pruritic papular eruption were significantly more common in patients with CD4+T cells less than 200×106 cells/L while warts were significantly more frequent in patients with CD4+T cells greater than 200×106 cells/L. Most HAART agents were found to be helpful in reducing the incidence of folliculitis. CONCLUSION: There were many skin diseases in HIV patients, different from previous studies. In our study, the top three diagnoses were tinea infection, folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. HAART medication was helpful in reducing folliculitis. These changes will require different treatments for skin diseases in HIV patients.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Cell Count ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Folliculitis ; HIV ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Diseases ; Skin ; Tinea ; Warts

OBJECTIVES: The efficacy and safety of paroxetine in the treatment of depressive disorders are well known, however its efficacy and safety for the treatment of depression in patients with cancer has been poorly studied. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of paroxetine in treatment of depressed patients with hematological malignancy (HM). METHODS: Fifty-two patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) based on DSM-IV criteria along with comorbid HM were allotted to 8 weeks trial with a flexible-dose regime of paroxetine in combination with their chemotherapy or supportive pharmacotherapy. Treatment response was assessed at baseline, week 2, week 4, and week 8 with 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D17), Montgomery sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Clinical Global Impression-severity (CGI-S). Side effects were collected with the reported adverse events and laboratory test throughout the study period. RESULTS: 44.2% of 52 patients completed the eight weeks trial. Scores on the HAM-D17, MADRS, and CGI-s (last observation carried forward, LOCF) at baseline were significantly reduced with mean reduction of 30.5%, 32.8%, and 39.1%, respectively, after 8 weeks treatment with paroxetine. Forty-six patients (88.5%) reported at least one adverse event. The most common adverse event observed in this study was nausea and no serious adverse event was found. CONCLUSION: In this preliminary study, overall results showed paroxetine could be used for the treatment of depressed patients with HM, but more controlled study is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of paroxetine in this area.
Depression* ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Drug Therapy ; Hematologic Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Nausea ; Paroxetine*

BACKGROUND: In elderly asthmatics, underdiagnosis is one of the important features. The main reason for underdiagnosis is thought to be a low frequency in complaining of symptoms due to the reduction of intellectual recognition and physical activity. Among the various symptoms, wheezing is the principal clue in diagnosing bronchial asthma, and decreased complaints for wheezing are also noted in elderly asthmatics. The objective of this study is to determine if less complaints of wheezing in elderly asthmatic is due to a decrease in the development of wheezing. METHODS: 61 young (20-39 years old), 68 middle-aged (40-59 years old) and 65 elderly (older than 60 years old) stable asthmatic subjects were studied (each group shall be called, hereafter, Young Group, Middle-aged Group and Old Group, respectively). During the methacholine induced airway narrowing, lung auscultation and questionnaire survey about presence and perception of wheezing were conducted in 194 asthmatics. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-nine patients (87%) developed wheezing during the methacholine induced airway obstruction. The frequency of wheezing during the methacholine challenge was found to be comparable among the groups. The methacholine concentration, % fall in FEV1, and FEV1 levels of the initial detection of wheezing were not different among the groups. Among the patients who developed wheezing, 47 patients (77%), 42 patients (61.8 %) and 26 patients (40%) complained of wheezing in Young, Middle and Old Group, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the decreased perception of wheezing is a main factor for the low frequency of complaints of wheezing in elderly asthmatics.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Asthma/*complications/diagnosis ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Perception ; Respiratory Sounds/*etiology

Cytomegalovirus colitis has been reported infrequently in patients with underlying inflammatory bowel disease, and usually in those who are taking corticosteroid drugs. It has been implicated as a possible exacerbating factor of ulcerative colitis. We experienced a case of cytomegalovirus colitis developed in patient with ulcerative colitis during corticosteroid therapy. So we report the case with a brief review of literatures.
Colitis* ; Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Cytomegalovirus ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Ulcer*

BACKGROUND: In elderly asthmatics, underdiagnosis is one of the most important feature. The main reason of underdiagnosis is thought to be decreases in complaining of symptoms by reduction of intellectual faculties or physical activity. Among various symptoms, wheezing is the principal clue in diagnosing bronchial asthma, and decreases in wheezing complaints are also noted in elderly asthmatics. The objective of this study is to determine whether decreases in wheezing complaints in elderly asthmatic is due to decrease in the development of wheezing or decrease in the perception of wheezing. METHODS: Sixty one young(20-39 years old), 68 middle aged(40-59 years old), and 65 elderly(older than 60 years) stable asthmatic subjects were studied. During methacholine challenge test, lung auscultation and questionnaire survey about presence and perception of wheezing were conducted. RESULTS: One hundred sixty nine patients (87%) developed wheezing during the methacholine challenge test. Development of wheezing during methacholine challenge test was not different between groups. The methacholine concentration, % fall in FEV1, and FEV1% at first detection of wheezing were not different between groups. Among the patients who developed wheezing, 47 patients (90%), 42 patients (74%), and 26 patients (46%) felt wheezing in young, middle, and old age groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the perception of wheezing are more decreased in elderly asthmatics compared to those in younger patients.
Aged* ; Asthma ; Auscultation ; Humans ; Lung ; Methacholine Chloride ; Motor Activity ; Respiratory Sounds* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology. The disease is relatively common in western countries, but so far, only about 20 cases have been reported in Korea. Thus, the purpose of our prospective study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of PBC in Korea. METHODS: Between October 1994 and February 1999, 16 patients diagnosed as PBC at our department were enrolled in this study. We analyzed these patients for the distribution of age and sex, initial symptoms and signs, associated disorders, laboratory, endoscopic, and radiologic and histologic findings. RESULTS: Of the 16 patients, the ratio of male to female was 1:7 and the average age was 57.5 years. Pruritus (37.5%) was the most frequent presenting symptom followed by xerostomia and xerophthalmia (12.5%), jaundice (6.3%), chronic fatigue (6.3%), melena (6.3%). Associated disorders were Sj gren's syndrome (25%), arthropathy (12.5%), Raynaud's phenomenon (6.3%) and diabetes (6.3%). Abnormalities of liver function were found frequently. Antimitochondrial antibody (100%), antinuclear antibody (31.25%) and rheumatoid factor (31.25%) were found. Long-term administration of UDCA improved both clinical and biochemical signs in most patients, however, 2 patients experienced exacerbation during UDCA therapy. CONCLUSIONS: We experienced 16 cases of PBC within a short period. It is expected that we can find these patients more frequently if we suspect this disease in patients with pruritus and unexplained obstructive pattern of liver function abnormality.
Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Fatigue ; Female ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary* ; Liver Diseases ; Male ; Melena ; Pancreatitis ; Prospective Studies ; Pruritus ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Xerophthalmia ; Xerostomia

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Epigenetic silencing of DNA repair genes, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), hMLH1 and hMSH3, by promoter hypermethylation have been observed in various cancers. However, the relationship between hypermethylation of DNA mismatch repair genes and microsatellite instability (MSI) has not been studied in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with cirrhosis. METHODS: We investigated the methylation pattern of CpG islands of 3 genes using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and MSI in 40 patients with paired hepatocellular carcinoma and associated cirrhosis. RESULTS: hMSH3 and MGMT were the most methylated genes in both cirrhosis (70% and 68%, respectively) and HCC (75% and 73%, respectively). The methylation of hMLH1 was rarely found in both cirrhosis (8%) and HCC (5%). Gene promoters methylated in cirrhosis were also methylated in HCC with the exception of 9 cases found to be methylated either in cirrhosis or HCC. Of 40 cases of HCC associated with cirrhosis, three had MSI-positive phenotype in which two were MSI-low and one was MSI-high. One MSI-positive phenotype was present both in cirrhosis and in HCC, while two were only in HCC. There was no significant correlation between aberrant DNA methylation of mismatch repair genes and MSI status in HCC associated with cirrhosis. Immunohistochemical expressions of hMLH1, MGMT, and hMSH3 proteins were present in 16 (40%), 6 (15%), and 11 (28%) of 40 cases of HCC respectively. There was no significant correlaton between the aberrant DNA methylation of mismatch repair genes and clinical characteristics such as histological differentiation, postoperative recurrence and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The methylation of MGMT and hMSH3 among DNA repair genes are frequent, but those of hMLH1 and MSI is very rare in both cirrhosis and HCC. There is no significant correlation between the methylation of DNA repair genes and clinical characteristics of HCC.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications/diagnosis/*genetics ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Modification Methylases/genetics ; *DNA Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications/diagnosis/*genetics ; Liver Neoplasms/complications/diagnosis/*genetics ; Male ; *Microsatellite Instability ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics