PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the factors contributing to sleep disorders in patients on hemodialysis. Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. The participants were 135 patients on hemodialysis in hemodialysis clinics. Data were collected from March to May 2007 using structured questionnaires and hematologic sample. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify factors influencing sleep disorders among the demographic-clinical factors, depression and fatigue. RESULTS: About 69% of the patients had a sleep disorders. There were significant differences in sleep disorders according to marital status, caregiver, religion, economic level, insurance, erythropoietin, somnifacient, and antihypertensive agents. But there were no differences according to age, gender, dialysis period, or antidepressants. Their sleep disorders had significant correlations with depression, and fatigue, and a significant negative correlation with Protein, Albumin, Phosphate and BUN. But there were no correlations with hematocrit, hemoglobin, creatinine, sodium, potassium, or calcium. Depression and fatigue were factors influencing sleep disorders. They accounted for 43.8% of the variance in sleep disorders in these patients. CONCLUSION: Findings provide an understanding of sleep disorders and the factors that are an influence in patients on hemodialysis. To promote sleep in these patients, nursing interventions to manage depression and fatigue are needed.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Calcium ; Caregivers ; Creatinine ; Depression ; Dialysis ; Erythropoietin ; Fatigue ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Insurance ; Marital Status ; Potassium ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Renal Dialysis ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sodium

Facial nerve palsy is one of major accompanying features in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In most of the cases, facial weakness develops simultaneously with other symptoms such as motor weakness, sensory change and other cranial neuropathies. However, facial palsy also occurs after the nadir of neurological deficits or even after the beginning of limb weakness improvement, called delayed facial palsy (DFP). DFP has been reported in Miller Fisher syndrome, but it rarely found from the acute motor axonal neuropathy subtype of GBS. Recently, we experienced a patient who diagnosed acute motor axonal neuropathy accompanying with delayed facial diplegia.

: This research focuses on the experiences of social workers who assist socially isolated households to prevent solitary deaths. The study aims to understand their support-related experiences, examining both the perceptions and practices of these workers. It highlights the importance of tailored support for isolated households, especially considering the unique challenges faced by middle-aged individuals in this demographic. Methods : The study employed purposive sampling to recruit social workers in Seoul who are actively engaged in supporting socially isolated households. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather in-depth insights into their experiences. The research methodology was rooted in qualitative analysis, specifically using Giorgi’s method. Results : Analysis of the interview data led to the identification of 12 sub-components and 5 upper components: “implementation of support for socially isolated households different from previous experience,” “feeling helpless in the face of inevitability,” “sympathy and communication with the heart,” “discovering challenges and opportunities in the field,” and “slowly, waiting for change.” These findings underscored the complexities and emotional challenges faced by social workers. Conclusion : The study highlights a significant gap in resources and manpower for supporting isolated households. It suggests the need for long-term, specially designed support systems, emphasizing improvements to better aid socially isolated individuals and the social workers who support them.

Purpose: The 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) serves as a foundation for daily nutrient and energy recommendations aiming to enhance public health and prevent chronic diseases. They act as guidelines for maintaining proper nutrition and overall health.Using KDRIs is crucial for promoting healthier lifestyles and making informed dietary choices. Thus, this study explores the influence of a nutrition education program, based on the 2020 KDRIs, on the nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of undergraduates in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeonggi-do. Methods: The nutrition education program, designed with diverse instructional materials, was executed across a wide range of universities. The education group (n = 75) engaged in the program for a 6-week instructional period, while the control group (n = 53) underwent the survey without participating in the education program. Nutrition Quotient (NQ) and knowledge assessments were administered to both groups immediately before and after the instructional period. Results: Within the education group, the nutrition education program positively impacted responses to NQ practice items, including knowledge of nutrition, daily intake, and portion sizes (p < 0.05). In contrast, there were no significant differences between the before and after responses of the control group for most survey items. Post-program evaluations showed significantly higher self-assessment scores and increased satisfaction levels (p < 0.05), with the satisfaction rate for the education program using the 2020 KDRIs reaching 99.2%. Conclusion This study has demonstrated the positive impact of an effective nutrition education program. However, there is a need for the continuous development and implementation of nutrition education programs to sustain these outcomes and further enhance the nutritional education experience.

Due to rapid westernization, Korean dietary habits have emerged as significant risk factors for chronic disease and cancer. Despite this transition, Korea’s cancer prevention guidelines have remained consistent since their establishment about 18 years ago. This study aimed to investigate the degree of awareness and practice to global dietary guidelines among Korean adults and identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with low practice. A cross-sectional survey conducted in 2023 included 4,000 adults and assessed their awareness and practice of four global recommendations: “Eat a diet rich in whole grains,” “Limit consumption of processed meat,” “Limit consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages,” and “Limit consumption of fast and other processed foods.” While more than half of the participants recognized the guidelines’ importance for cancer prevention, implementation rates remained below 40%. Furthermore, over 80% of the respondents expressed a compelling requirement for updated and tailored dietary guidelines. Younger individuals, those who were physically inactive, individuals who had not received prior nutrition education, and participants with obesity were more likely to exhibit low practice, particularly to guidelines limiting processed foods and sugary beverages intake. These findings highlight the need to revise Korea’s cancer prevention recommendations by incorporating global dietary practices and addressing the westernized eating patterns prevalent within the population. Efforts should focus on promoting these updated guidelines through targeted education and public health interventions that improve practice, especially in high-risk groups, and effectively mitigate the burden of diet-related cancers in Korea.

Due to rapid westernization, Korean dietary habits have emerged as significant risk factors for chronic disease and cancer. Despite this transition, Korea’s cancer prevention guidelines have remained consistent since their establishment about 18 years ago. This study aimed to investigate the degree of awareness and practice to global dietary guidelines among Korean adults and identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with low practice. A cross-sectional survey conducted in 2023 included 4,000 adults and assessed their awareness and practice of four global recommendations: “Eat a diet rich in whole grains,” “Limit consumption of processed meat,” “Limit consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages,” and “Limit consumption of fast and other processed foods.” While more than half of the participants recognized the guidelines’ importance for cancer prevention, implementation rates remained below 40%. Furthermore, over 80% of the respondents expressed a compelling requirement for updated and tailored dietary guidelines. Younger individuals, those who were physically inactive, individuals who had not received prior nutrition education, and participants with obesity were more likely to exhibit low practice, particularly to guidelines limiting processed foods and sugary beverages intake. These findings highlight the need to revise Korea’s cancer prevention recommendations by incorporating global dietary practices and addressing the westernized eating patterns prevalent within the population. Efforts should focus on promoting these updated guidelines through targeted education and public health interventions that improve practice, especially in high-risk groups, and effectively mitigate the burden of diet-related cancers in Korea.

Due to rapid westernization, Korean dietary habits have emerged as significant risk factors for chronic disease and cancer. Despite this transition, Korea’s cancer prevention guidelines have remained consistent since their establishment about 18 years ago. This study aimed to investigate the degree of awareness and practice to global dietary guidelines among Korean adults and identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with low practice. A cross-sectional survey conducted in 2023 included 4,000 adults and assessed their awareness and practice of four global recommendations: “Eat a diet rich in whole grains,” “Limit consumption of processed meat,” “Limit consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages,” and “Limit consumption of fast and other processed foods.” While more than half of the participants recognized the guidelines’ importance for cancer prevention, implementation rates remained below 40%. Furthermore, over 80% of the respondents expressed a compelling requirement for updated and tailored dietary guidelines. Younger individuals, those who were physically inactive, individuals who had not received prior nutrition education, and participants with obesity were more likely to exhibit low practice, particularly to guidelines limiting processed foods and sugary beverages intake. These findings highlight the need to revise Korea’s cancer prevention recommendations by incorporating global dietary practices and addressing the westernized eating patterns prevalent within the population. Efforts should focus on promoting these updated guidelines through targeted education and public health interventions that improve practice, especially in high-risk groups, and effectively mitigate the burden of diet-related cancers in Korea.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a nomogram that predicts ongoing pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) using patient age and serum hormonal markers. METHODS: A total of 284 IVF-ET cycles were retrospectively analyzed. At 14 days post-oocyte pick-up (OPU), the serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and progesterone levels were measured. The main predicted outcome was ongoing pregnancy. RESULTS: Patient age and serum of HCG and progesterone levels at 14 days post-OPU were good predictors of ongoing pregnancy. The cut-off value and area under the curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval) were 36.5 years and 0.666 (0.599–0.733), respectively, for patient age; 67.8 mIU/mL and 0.969 (0.951–0.987), respectively, for serum HCG level; and 29.8 ng/mL and 0.883 (0.840–0.925), respectively, for serum progesterone level. When the prediction model was constructed using these three parameters, the addition of serum progesterone level to the prediction model did not increase its overall predictability. Furthermore, a high linear co-relationship was found between serum HCG and progesterone levels. Therefore, we developed a new nomogram using patient age and HCG serum level only. The AUC of the newly developed nomogram for predicting ongoing pregnancy after IVF-ET cycles using patient age and serum HCG level was as high as 0.975. CONCLUSION: We showed that ongoing pregnancy may be predicted using only patient age and HCG serum level. Our nomogram could help clinicians and patients predict ongoing pregnancy after IVF-ET if the serum JCG level was ≥5 IU/L at 14 days post-OPU.
Area Under Curve ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Nomograms* ; Pregnancy* ; Progesterone ; Retrospective Studies

Genomic analysis indicated that the genome of Drosophila melanogaster contains more than 80 cytochrome P450 genes. To date, the enzymatic activity of these P450s has not been extensively studied. Here, the biochemical properties of CYP6A8 were characterized. CYP6A8 was cloned into the pCW vector, and its recombinant enzyme was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using Ni2+ -nitrilotriacetate affinity chromatography. Its expression level was approximately 130 nmol per liter of culture. Purified CYP6A8 exhibited a low-spin state in the absolute spectra of the ferric forms. Binding titration analysis indicated that lauric acid and capric acid produced type І spectral changes, with Kd values 28 ± 4 and 144 ± 20 μM, respectively. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that the oxidation reaction of lauric acid produced (ω-1)-hydroxylated lauric acid as a major product and ω-hydroxy-lauric acid as a minor product. Steady-state kinetic analysis of lauric acid hydroxylation yielded a kcat value of 0.038 ± 0.002 min –1 and a Km value of 10 ± 2 μM. In addition, capric acid hydroxylation of CYP6A8 yielded kinetic parameters with a kcat value of 0.135 ± 0.007 min –1 and a Km value of 21 ± 4 μM. Because of the importance of various lipids as carbon sources, the metabolic analysis of fatty acids using CYP6A8 in this study can provide an understanding of the biochemical roles of P450 enzymes in many insects, including Drosophila melanogaster.

Since the early 2000s, there has been a continued interest in lie detection using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in neuroscience and forensic sciences, as well as in newly emerging fields including neuroethics and neurolaw. Related fMRI studies have revealed converging evidence that brain regions including the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, parietal cortex, and anterior insula are associated with deceptive behavior. However, fMRI-based lie detection has thus far not been generally accepted as evidence in court, as methodological shortcomings, generalizability issues, and ethical and legal concerns are yet to be resolved. In the present review, we aim to illustrate these achievements and limitations of fMRI-based lie detection.
Brain ; Deception* ; Forensic Sciences ; Gyrus Cinguli ; Lie Detection* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neurosciences* ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Rabeprazole