PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the lower limb lymphedema (LLL) and quality of life in gynecologic cancer patients. METHODS: A sample of 143 patients who have received pelvic lymphadenectomy and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy recruied in the descriptive study. The instruments used were the Korean Version of the Gynecologic Cancer Lymphedema Questionnaire (GCLQ-K) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ C-30). RESULTS: The level of LLL for all patients was 4.31±3.86. The level of GCLQ-K score was higher in the LLL group than the non LLL group (8.38±2.92 vs 1.76±1.41). The all functional scale score was lower in the LLL group than the non LLL group, and all symptom scale score except for appetite loss and financial difficulties was higher in the LLL group than the non LLL group. The global health status score was lower in the LLL group than the non LLL group. CONCLUSION: The above results show that in the LLL patients after pelvic and/or para-aortic, lymphadenectomy was common. The quality of life was lower in the LLL group than the non LLL group. It is important to develop nursing intervention regarding prevention and management about LLL in gynecologic cancer patients.
Appetite ; Global Health ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Lower Extremity* ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphedema* ; Nursing ; Quality of Life*

DNA profiling with sets of short tandem repeat (STR) markers is the most popular method for identifying human DNA in forensics. Identification by STR typing might fail when DNA is degraded or is present in low amounts, such as in disaster victim identification (DVI) samples. In such cases, more information might be obtained by using additional markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Multiplex PCR and microarray are convenient techniques to analyze SNP markers. We used an AccuID(TM) Chip, SNP-based DNA chip manufactured by DNA Link Corporation, to confirm genetic relationship between two human bone samples that had been buried for more than 50 years and blood samples from the alleged descendants of the sources of the bone fragments. The chip combines an Affymetrix resequencing array with a multiplex PCR technology and can genotype hundreds of SNP markers in a single experiment. Genotyping the two bone samples yielded 90.5 and 77 SNP markers. The commonly genotyped markers (61 and 47 SNP loci) in each bone-family pair provided high paternity indices to support the genetic relationships in both cases.
Disasters ; DNA Fingerprinting ; DNA* ; Forensic Anthropology* ; Genotype ; Humans* ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis* ; Paternity ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Pyelonephritis*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: More than 70% of patients who need the implant supported restoration are parially edentulous. The principles of design for implant supported fixed partial denture in mandibular posterior region are many and varied. Jurisdiction for their use is usually based on clinical evaluation. There are several areas of interest regarding the design of implant supported fixed partial denture in mandibular posterior region. 1) Straight and tripod configuration in implant placement, 2) Two restoration types such as individualized and splinted restorations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the amount and distribution of stress around the implant fixtures placed in the mandibular posterior region with two different arrangements and to evaluate the effects of splinting using the photoelastic stress analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1) Production of study model: Mandibular partially edentulous model was waxed-up and duplicated with silicone and two models were poured in stone. 2) Fixture installation and photoelastic model construction: Using surveyor(Ney, USA), 3 fixtures(two 4.0x13 mm, one 5.0x10 mm, Lifecore, USA) were installed in straight and tripod configurations. Silicone molds were made and poured in photoelastic resin (PL-2. Measurements group, USA). 3) Prostheses construction: Four 3-unit bridges (Type III gold alloy, Dongmyung co., Korea) were produced with nonhexed and hexed UCLA abutments and fitted with conventional methods. The abutments were tightened with 30 Ncm torque and the static loads were applied at 12 points of the occlusal surface. 4) Photoelastic stress analysis: The polarizer analyzer system with digital camera(S-2 Pro, Fujifilm, Japan) was used to take the photoelastic fringes and analysed using computer analysis program. RESULTS: Solitary hexed UCLA restoration developed different stress patterns between two implant arrangement configurations, but there were no stress transfer to adjacent implants from the loaded implant in both configurations. However splinted restorations showed lesser amount of stresses in the loaded implants and showed stress transfer to adjacent implants in both configurations. Solitary hexed UCLA restoration with tripod configuration developed higher stresses in anterior and middle implants under loading than implants with straight configurations. Splintied 3 unit fixed partial dentures with tripod configuration showed higher stress development in posterior implant under loading but there were no obvious differences between two configurations. CONCLUSIONS: The tripod configuration of implant arrangement didn't show any advantages over the straight configuration. Splinting of 3 unit bridges with nonhexed UCLA abutments showed less stress development around the fixtures. Solitary hexed UCLA restoration developed tilting of implant fixture under offset loads.
Alloys ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Fungi ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Silicones ; Splints ; Torque

Hysterosalpingograms of 375 patients with infertility were reviewed with reference to radiological features of each pathology and a comparative study of hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy in 36 patients was presented. The results were as follows; 1. In 375 cases infertility, 191 cases (50.9%) were primary infertility and 181 cases(49.1%) were secondary infertility. 2. The peak age distribution was 26 to 30 year old group in 211 cases (56.3%),and the peak duration of infertility was less than 3 years in 256 cases (68.3%). 3. Abnormal uterine findings were 115 cases (30.7%) and there were 73 cases of filling defects, 13 cases of irregularity , 12 cases of uterineflexion, 11 cases of congenital anomaly, and 9 cases of hypoplasia among them. 4. Abnormal tubal findings were 196 cases (52.3%) and there were 103 cases of simple obstruction, 69 cases of hydrosalpinx, and 50 cases of peritubal adhesion among them. 5. Intravasation of contrast media was noted in 42 cases (11.2%). 6. In 36 cases of laparoscopy, 23 cases (63.7%) was agreed to hysterosalpingography. 7. Aothough laparoscopy was better than hysterosalpinography in external anatomy of salpinx and relationship to overay, hysterosalpingography should be important for fundamental study of infertile women because of lower failure rate, lower risk of complications,therapeutic effect, and lower cost.
Age Distribution ; Contrast Media ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterosalpingography ; Infertility ; Laparoscopy ; Pathology

BACKGROUND: We examined the relationship between 10-year predicted atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Koreans aged 40–79 years. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional design was used from data based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. RESULTS: A total of 1,134 healthy Koreans aged 40–79 years were included. A positive relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and ASCVD score was shown in women (β=0.015) after adjusting for central obesity, physical activity, and supplement intake. The chances of being in the moderate to high risk (risk group, ASCVD score ≥5%) with vitamin D sufficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥20 ng/mL) was 1.267-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.039–1.595) greater than the chance of being included in the group with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 20 ng/mL) after adjustments in women. CONCLUSION: Our research indicated a significantly positive association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and ASCVD score. Further detailed studies to evaluate this correlation are needed.
Atherosclerosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Female ; Heart* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency

PURPOSE: Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is a rapidly evolving technique which bridges traditional laparoscopic surgery and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). We previously published a study comparing single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SPLC) and three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (TPLC). We concluded that age, sex, diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), length of hospital stay, and mobilization between SPLC and TPLC produced no effect on the surgical requirements or outcomes between the two techniques. However, there were significant differences in operating time and pain scale. Thus, in this study we aimed to analyze those factors which reduced operating time. METHODS: This retrospective medical record review enrolled 49 patients who had received SPLC at Presbyterian Medical Center from April 2009 to November 2010. Patient age, sex, BMI, length of hospital stay, operating time, pathological reports, and incidents of iatrogenic gallbladder (GB) perforation and complications were assessed and analyzed. For determining those factors which necessitated long operating times, we assessed the operating times relative to incidents of iatrogenic GB perforation, pathologic report results, surgeon experience and patient BMI. RESULTS: The ratio of men to women in the study population was 1 : 6. The average patient age was 46 years (range of 21 to 93 years). The average BMI was 24.1 (range of 18.5 to 31.5). The mean duration of hospital stay was 5.12 days (range of 2 to 15 days). The average operating time was 118 minutes (range of 75 minutes to 185 minutes). The pathologic report assessments revealed cases of acute calculous cholecystitis (n=4, 8.2%), chronic calculous cholecystitis (n=37, 76.1%) and GB polyp (n=8, 16.3%). Iatrogenic perforation of the GB occurred in 5 cases. Minor complications such as surgical site infection and umbilical skin burn occurred in 6 cases. Longer operating times were required in the GB perforation cases than in the non-perforation cases (155+/-21.21 minutes versus 113.9+/-30.71 minutes, p=0.008). Of the cases of acute and chronic calculous cholecystitis and GB polyp, those including acute calculous cholecystitits required the longest operation times. The average operating time for the first 25 cases was 134.6+/-33.16 minutes and the average operating time for the remainder was 100.8+/-20.41 minutes (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in operating time between the BMI>24 and BMI<24 groups (125.9+/-35.17 minutes versus 111.2+/-27.65 minutes, respectively, p=0.112). CONCLUSION: We found 3 factors related to a reduction in operation time: (i) avoidance of iatrogenic perforation of the GB, (ii) application of treatment to case of chronic calculous cholecystitis and GB polyp, and (iii) accumulation of case experience by the attending surgeon.
Body Mass Index ; Burns ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Cholecystitis ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Medical Records ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery ; Operative Time ; Polyps ; Protestantism ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin

Vulvar leiomyoma is a rare benign solid tumor of the vulva. Their incidence is not known as most reports are of a single case or small series, and their origin is not known exactly. Most cases are asymptomatic and local excision is recommended as initial therapy and also for recurrences. We have experienced vulvar leiomyoma (the labia majora and vestibule of the vagina) in a 51 years old woman and present it with a brief review of the literatures.
Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leiomyoma* ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Vulva

Conjoined twins are uncommon complications of monoamniotic twinning. Among them, cephalopagus twins are very rare. The accurate prenatal diagnosis of conjoining is essential for the optimal obstetric counseling and management. We describe a case where prenatal sonographic diagnosis of cephalopagus associated with multiple anomalies including meningomyelocele, diaphragmatic hernia, omphalocele, and club feet was made at 18 weeks of gestation.
Counseling ; Diagnosis* ; Foot ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Humans ; Meningomyelocele ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Twins, Conjoined ; Ultrasonography*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Several prosthetic options are available for the restoration of multiple adjacent implants. A passively fitting prosthesis has been considered a prerequisite for the success and maintenance of osseointegration. Passivity is a particular concern with multiple implants because of documented inaccuracies in the casting and soldering process. One way to avoid this problem is to restore the implants individually, however, the restorations of individual adjacent impants requires careful adjustment of interproximal contacts. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the stress distribution pattern and amount surrounding Bicon implants with individual crowns and splinted restorations. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A photoelastic model of a human partially edentulous left mandible with 3 Bicon implants(4*1 mm) was fabricated. For non-splinted restorations, individual crowns were fabricated on 3 abutments (4.0*6.5 mm, 0 degree, 2.0 mm post, Bicon Inc., Boston, USA) After the units were cemented, 4 levels of interproximal contact tightness were evaluated: open, ideal (8 micrometershim stock drags without tearing), medium(40 micrometer), and heavy(80 micrometer). Splinted 3-unit fixed partial dentures were fabricated and cemented to the model. Changes in stress distribution under simulated non-loaded and loaded conditions(7.5, 15, 30 lb) were analyzed with a circular polaricope. RESULTS: 1. Stresses were distributed around the entire body of fin in Bicon implants. 2. Splinted restorations were useful for distribution of stress around implants especially with higher loads. 3. By increasing the contact tightness between the individually restored three implants, the stress increased in the coronal portion of implants. CONCLUSIONS: Ideal adjustment of the contact tightness was important to reduce the stresses around individually restored Bicon implants.
Crowns ; Denture, Partial, Fixed* ; Humans ; Mandible ; Osseointegration ; Prostheses and Implants ; Splints