No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET) compared with combined DWI and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Fifteen patients with hepatic NET (n=128) underwent enhanced MRI and DWI with multiple-b values. We analyzed three different sets: Precontrast set; DWI set (added DWI); combined set (added enhanced image). Two reviewers rated possibility of NET using a 5-point scale for each image set. Their diagnostic performance was compared using Jackknife alternative free-response ROC (JAFROC). RESULTS: Diagnostic performance was better on the combined set (figure of merit [FOM]=0.852, 0.761) than the precontrast set (FOM=0.427, 0.572, P〈0.05) and the DWI set (FOM=0.682, 0.620, P〈0.05). However, DWI improved performance compared with precontrast set without statistical difference. In small NETs (〈1 cm), all sets showed low sensitivity (10.7-65.9%) with high specificity (95.4-100%). Interobserver agreement was moderate in all image sets (k=0.521 to 0.589). CONCLUSIONS: Combined DWI and enhanced MRI were more useful for detecting NET. Although statistically insignficant, there was a trend in improved diagnostic performance with DWI.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neuroendocrine Tumors* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Allografts* ; Humans ; Living Donors* ; Risk Factors*

No abstract available.
Allografts* ; Humans ; Living Donors* ; Risk Factors*

OBJECTIVE: To study for the expression of heat shock protein (hsp) 90 and hsp27 when human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) was treat with heat shock and H2O2. METHODS: We collected HUVEC from fresh umbilical vein within 30 minutes after delivery by 0.25% trypsin and cultured them at 37 degrees C under 5% CO2, using EBM2 media. The cells were fed twice a week with a complete change of fresh culture medium. The cultured cells were identified as endothelial cells by western blot using CD34, and vWF markers. We divided HUVEC as control group applying heat stress at 37 degrees C for 30 minutes, stress group applying heat stress at 43 degrees C for 30 minutes, H2O2 treatment group exposing of 100 micrometer H2O2 for 60 minutes, and heat stress + H2O2 treatment group applying same state of heat stress and exposing of H2O2 for 60 minutes. We extract protein and examine the expression of hsp90 and hsp27 by western blot. RESULTS: HUVEC reached full confluence state in our culture condition at 7 days on 25 mL flask. We observed the constant expression character of CD 34 and vWF in cultured cell. Under the every experimental condition, we observed the expression of hsp90 and hsp27 in HUVEC. And we observed that hsp27 was more strongly expressed in heat shock + H2O2 treatment group and heat shock group than control group and H2O2 treatment group. CONCLUSION: By identifying the expression difference of hsp in vitro oxidative stress, fetal tissue might play the protective role in the intrauterine stress.
Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells* ; Fetus ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans* ; Oxidative Stress ; Shock ; Trypsin ; Umbilical Veins*

OBJECTIVE: To study for the expression of heat shock protein (hsp) 90 and hsp27 when human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) was treat with heat shock and H2O2. METHODS: We collected HUVEC from fresh umbilical vein within 30 minutes after delivery by 0.25% trypsin and cultured them at 37 degrees C under 5% CO2, using EBM2 media. The cells were fed twice a week with a complete change of fresh culture medium. The cultured cells were identified as endothelial cells by western blot using CD34, and vWF markers. We divided HUVEC as control group applying heat stress at 37 degrees C for 30 minutes, stress group applying heat stress at 43 degrees C for 30 minutes, H2O2 treatment group exposing of 100 micrometer H2O2 for 60 minutes, and heat stress + H2O2 treatment group applying same state of heat stress and exposing of H2O2 for 60 minutes. We extract protein and examine the expression of hsp90 and hsp27 by western blot. RESULTS: HUVEC reached full confluence state in our culture condition at 7 days on 25 mL flask. We observed the constant expression character of CD 34 and vWF in cultured cell. Under the every experimental condition, we observed the expression of hsp90 and hsp27 in HUVEC. And we observed that hsp27 was more strongly expressed in heat shock + H2O2 treatment group and heat shock group than control group and H2O2 treatment group. CONCLUSION: By identifying the expression difference of hsp in vitro oxidative stress, fetal tissue might play the protective role in the intrauterine stress.
Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells* ; Fetus ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans* ; Oxidative Stress ; Shock ; Trypsin ; Umbilical Veins*

BACKGROUND: Remifentanil infusion is commonly used for general anesthesia but reflex cough can occur after an intravenous (IV) infusion. This study was designed to examine the effect of IV-dexamethasone on remifentanil-induced cough (RIC). METHODS: One hundred thirty patients scheduled for elective surgery were randomly assigned into two groups that received by either 2 ml of IV 0.9% saline (Group C, n = 68) or 10 mg of dexamethasone (Group D, n = 62) 5 min before administration of remifentanil at a target effect-site concentration of 5 ng/ml. The incidence and severity of coughs of each patient were recorded. RESULTS: The overall incidence of cough was 6.5% (4/62 patients) in Group D and 26.5% (18/68 patients) in the Group C (P = 0.002). The severity of cough observed was significantly different by dexamethasone pretreatment (P = 0.02) but there were no significant hemodynamic changes. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with dexamethasone after IV administration was effective in suppressing the reflex cough induced by remifentanil infusion.
Anesthesia, General ; Cough ; Dexamethasone ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Piperidines ; Reflex

PURPOSE: We report the detection of peripheral retinal vascular abnormalities in the fellow eye with normal fundus in children with unilateral Coats' disease. METHODS: The clinical records of patients diagnosed with Coats' disease were retrospectively reviewed. We recorded the subjects' characteristics and obtained fundus photography and fluorescein angiography (FA) images. The main outcome measure was peripheral vascular abnormalities in the contralateral eye with normal fundus in children with unilateral Coats' disease, observed with FA. RESULTS: Out of 47 patients with Coats' disease, two (4.3%) were diagnosed with clinically bilateral Coats' disease. Of the 45 patients with presumed unilateral Coats' disease, four (8.9%) had bilateral abnormal peripheral vasculature in FA. The mean age of these four patients was 6.4 ± 5.4 years (range, 1 to 14 years), and three patients were male (75%). All four had peripheral retinal nonperfusion, and two (50%) received laser photocoagulation due to peripheral leakage with telangiectatic vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Coats' disease may more often be a bilateral disease with asymmetry than previously thought. Patients with Coats' disease should undergo careful examination of the fellow eye with FA in order to detect and treat vascular abnormalities that are not visible clinically.
Child ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Male ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Photography ; Retinal Telangiectasis ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies

This study compared total sodium amounts in 'Healthy Restaurant for Sodium Reduction' menu items located in Seoul, Chungcheong, and Gyeongsang in 2011 and 2012. In addition, this study explored reduced sodium cooking methods in 'Healthy Restaurant for Sodium Reduction'. This study monitored and collected menu samples from a total of 103 restaurants participating in 'Healthy Restaurant for Sodium Reduction' in 2011 and 2012. We also surveyed restaurant employees to identify reduced sodium cooking methods in 2012. The results showed significant reductions in total amounts of sodium in menu items of restaurants located in Seoul, Chungcheong, and Gyeongsang between 2011 (310.8+/-156.8 mg/100g) and 2012 (211.6+/-110.3 mg/100g). Amounts of sodium in all seven foodgroups showed significant reductions between 2011 and 2012: 'Gook/Tang' (from 226.6+/-127.7 mg/100g to 168.5+/-74.3 mg/100g), 'Jjigae/Jeongol' (from 385.8+/-111.7 mg/100g to 257.1+/-82.53 mg/100g), 'Noodle/Dumpling' (from 263.8+/-116.9 mg/100g to 194.1+/-55.6 mg/100g), 'Gui' (from 390.3+/-120.6 mg/100g to 258.8+/-92.7 mg/100g), 'Steamed dish' (from 305.3+/-124.3 mg/100g to 175.6+/-76.6 mg/100g), 'Bob' (from 273.7+/-162.5 mg/100g to 167.1+/-93.1 mg/100g), and 'Stir-fried dish' (from 368.6+/-116.6 mg/100g to 219.0+/-72.4 mg/100g). The survey results showed that responses for 'Reducing salt amount' were 75.7%, responses for 'Using enchovy stock, shrimp, radish, or fruit soup' were 64.1%, and responses for 'Liking the taste because it is bland' were 50%. This study indicates that 'Healthy Restaurant for Sodium Reduction' nutrition policy was successful for reducing sodium contents of restaurant menu items, and also consumers were satisfied with the tastes.
Cooking ; Fruit ; Nutrition Policy ; Raphanus ; Restaurants* ; Seoul ; Sodium*

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Potassium* ; Transplantation*