PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to evaluate the possibility of giving student interns intern- level responsibilities and to discuss the various obstacles. METHODS: Modifications were made to the student internship program, including rotations through major departments, for 4th-year medical students and was conducted at the College of Medicine, Kangwon National University. We surveyed 49 students for the evaluation of the program, administered a checklist evaluation for their performance, and interviewed two focus groups of faculties and residents to find out the obstacles of the program. RESULTS: Most of the students answered that the program was satisfactory and necessary. Of the students, 71.4% performed as an acting intern. The mean score of the students' performance was 84.1. The students had the most difficulty with time management and making diagnostic and management decisions. Initially, at the start of the program, both students and residents were somewhat confused about the student interns' duties. They suggested that definite learning objectives, legal and institutional support to students' clinical practice, and announcements to patients and hospital staff should be put in place prior to the implementation of such a program. CONCLUSION: We discovered that it was possible for student interns to perform at the level of interns. We suggest that systemic improvements continue for the establishment of such student internship program.
Checklist ; Education, Medical ; Focus Groups ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Internship and Residency* ; Learning ; Students, Medical ; Time Management

Graduate medical students have been expected to have different characteristics and backgrounds. If it is true, our strategy to educate them should be differentiated. However, basic medical education for graduate entrants in Korea now is not much different from those for non-graduate entrants. Therefore, I investigated the differences between graduate entry and schoolleaver students. Herein, I reviewed their demographics, academic backgrounds, career choice motivation, moral reasoning ability, learning styles and strategy, academic achievement, quality of school life, and outcome after graduation. Also I tried to suggest the differentiated strategy for effective education according to curriculum, teaching and learning, assessment, student support system, and admission selection policy.
Achievement ; Career Choice ; Curriculum ; Demography ; Education, Medical ; Education, Medical, Graduate ; Humans ; Korea ; Learning ; Motivation ; Schools, Medical ; Students, Medical

PURPOSE: Ethics objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scenarios was developed and were applied to medical students to see whether it would be suitable for assessing the students' ethical behaviors. METHODS: The data for this study were gathered from the end-of-clerkship patient-doctor-society OSCE, involving third-year medical students along the academic year of 2006. 54 students who participated in the ethics OSCE, which consisted of three stations, responded. Nine standardized patients (SPs) participated in the evaluation. The SPs were trained for 4 hours to conduct the medical interview and for 2 hours for evaluating students' performance using the checklist for each station. RESULTS: The consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the SPs was 0.796. Mean score was 57.33. There was no difference among circuits and gender. CONCLUSION: We found that the ethics OSCE was adequate for evaluating students' performances.
Checklist ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Students, Medical

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the students' clinical competency from the patient safety perspective. METHODS: We conducted this evaluation in 2006 at College of Medicine, Kangwon National University. We surveyed 50 fourth-year medical students after finishing all clinical clerkships. 49 Students evaluated their achievement with 5-Likert score scale. The questionnaires were composed 6 domains: communication skills, prevention & management of adverse events, using evidence and information techniques, teamwork & leadership, medical ethical behaviors, and procedural skills. The each domains were constituted several items. Total 53 items was evaluated. RESULTS: The students' preparedness was relatively low in 28 items of the total 53(difficult communication, detecting and managing medical errors, using evidence and information technique, understanding of complex systems, autonomy, and procedural skills). CONCLUSION: The items with low achievement were closely related with medical errors and patient safety. These findings suggest that the clinical education is insufficient for preventing medical errors by students. For patient safety, we should understand the importance of achievement of competency related with patient safety and establish a systematic clinical curriculum with explicit learning outcomes.
Clinical Clerkship ; Curriculum ; Education ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Leadership ; Learning ; Medical Errors ; Patient Safety* ; Students, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper was to assess if there is a relationship between Kolb learning styles and learner variables including age, gender, and grade retention among medical students. METHODS: The Kolb Learning Style Inventory(LSI) is used at many educational levels to determine the learning preferences of medical students and clinicians. The students' learning styles were analyzed for associations with learner variables. The Kolb LSI was administered to 164 Kangwon medical students. They were categorized based on learner variables. RESULTS: Kolb's 'assimilator' was the preferred learning style type of the study group(55.2%). 'Accommodator'(17.8%) and 'diverger'(16.0%) were next, followed by 'converger'(11.0%). Learning style preferences of medical students did not vary significantly according to age, gender, and grade retention. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant relationships were identified between the Kolb learning styles and learner variables. The assessment of medical students' learning styles categorized based on Kolb LSI is expected to provide educators with skills to plan teaching strategies, employ a variety of teaching methods, and facilitate academic performance.
Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Learning* ; Students, Medical ; Teaching

No abstract available.

INTRODUCTION: This study examined the effect of autogenous tooth bone used as a graft material for bone regeneration in an artificial bony defect of minipigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four healthy minipigs, weighing approximately 35-40 kg, were used. Four standardized artificial two-walled bony defects, 5 mm in length and depth, were made on the bilateral partial edentulous alveolar ridge on the mandible of minipigs, and autogenous tooth bone was augmented in the right side as the experimental group. On the other hand, only alloplastic bone graft material HA was grafted with the same size and manner in the left side as the control group. All minipigs were sacrificed at 4 weeks after a bone graft and evaluated histologically by Haematoxylin-eosin staining. The specimens were also evaluated semi-quantitatively via a histomorphometric study. The percentage of new bone over the total area was evaluated using digital software for an area calculation. RESULTS: All specimens were available but one in the left side (control group) and two in the right side (experimental group) were missing during specimen preparation. The amount of bone formation and remodeling were higher in all experimental groups than the control. The mean percentage area for new bone in the experimental and control groups was 43.74+/-11.96% and 30.79+/-2.93%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Autogenous tooth bone is a good alternative to autogenous bone with the possible clinical feasibility of an autogenous tooth bone graft in the reconstruction of bony defects.
Alveolar Process ; Bone Regeneration ; Hand ; Mandible ; Osteogenesis ; Regeneration ; Swine, Miniature ; Tooth ; Transplants

A 13-year-old boy was admitted via emergency room with dyspnea after vigorous coughing. Subcutaneous emphysema was palpated on both eyelids and around the neck. Breathing sound was slightly wheezy. On initial chest roentgenogram no parenchymal lesion or pneumothorax except subcutaneous emphysema on the thoracic wall was found. On the second day of hospitalization he showed agitation much more severe than the roentgenographic findings on the chest. Diffuse severe subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, retroperitoneal pneumoperitoneum and epidural emphysema were found on computed tomography. He did not showed neurologic deterioration or respiratory difficulty demanding mechanical ventilation. He was treated with oxygen, bronchodilator and corticosteroids. After four days of hospitalization, tension pneumothorax finally developed which was successfully treated by closed thoracic tube drainage with water sealed bottle. The patient recovered without any sequelae after conservative care. On the follow up computed tomography no underlying pathologic lesion or residual emphysema was found.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the food habits, nutrient intake, and disease distribution in the elderly (aged over 65 years). The correlation of diseases with anthropometric measurements and nutrients was investigated. The correlation of blood parameters with anthropometric measurements and nutrient intake was also studied. The results are as follow: 1) Most elderly men (68.6%) and women (81.6%) had more than three diseases. The food habits of the elderly women were worse than those of the men. Their intake of protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin B2 were lower than the RDA for those particular nutrients. 2) The incidence of gastritis (51.2%), fatty liver (46.4%), and hypertension (45.2%) were the highest among elderly men and women. 3) Anemia was negatively correlated with body weight. Hypercholesterolemia was positively correlated with body fat and negatively correlated with intake of calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin B2. Hypertension was negatively correlated with alcohol consumption. 4) Blood total cholesterol concentration was positively correlated with percent ideal body weight (% IBW). Blood hemoglobin level was positively correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively correlated with % IBW and BMI. Blood cholesterol concentration was negatively correlated with the intake of iron, vitamin A, vitamin B2, and cholesterol, and positively correlated with the consumption of alcohol. Blood hemoglobin level was positively correlated with the intake of total calories, carbohydrates, fat, protein, iron, vitamin B2, phosphorus, cholesterol, salt, and alcohol.
Adipose Tissue ; Aged* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Anemia ; Anthropometry ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Calcium ; Carbohydrates ; Cholesterol ; Fatty Liver ; Female ; Food Habits* ; Gastritis ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertension ; Ideal Body Weight ; Incidence ; Iron ; Male ; Phosphorus ; Riboflavin ; Vitamin A

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is the most common cause of localized, nonscarring alopecia. Unfortunately, there are few data regarding clinical features and epidemiology of alopecia areata in Korean patients, and its clinical course and treatment response rates are unpredictable. OBJECTIVE: This study strived to investigate the differences in clinical profiles according to disease severity and to determine risk factors for severe alopecia areata. METHODS: A total of 1,137 patients from 2006 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were subdivided into two groups: mild-to-moderate and severe alopecia areata. The groups were compared on the basis of age of onset, duration, sex, family history, comorbid disorders including autoimmune diseases, nail changes, and laboratory test results. RESULTS: Eight hundred eighty-three patients were in the mild-to-moderate alopecia areata group and 254 patients were in the severe group. Average onset age was 30.77±17.66 years and 30.60±16.75 years in the mild-to-moderate and severe groups, respectively. Disease duration was statistically longer in the severe group. Male sex, nail changes, and thyroid diseases were more common in the severe group. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, atopic dermatitis, and family history did not differ between groups. Of the serologic values, only alkaline phosphatase was considerably differing between groups. Male sex, presence of nail changes, and disease duration greater than one year were identified as significant risk factors for severe alopecia areata. CONCLUSION: This is the largest case analysis in Korean patients with alopecia areata. Clinical profiles stratified by disease severity warrant further study.
Age of Onset ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Alopecia Areata* ; Alopecia* ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dyslipidemias ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thyroid Diseases