To define the basic sequential events of the healing process in normal fracture and evaluate the role of growth regulatory molecules and extracellular matrix components, the expression of transforming growth factor β(TGF-β), platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF), type I and II collagen, and chemistry during the healing process of an experimental fracture of tibia in 41 adult rats for 7 weeks using ABC methods. The phases of inflammation, reparation, and remodeling followed each other in sequence. The inflammatory phase was characterized by hemorrhage, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells on the first day. During the reparative phase, the undifferentiated mesenchyme undergoes rapid chondrogenesis, followed by endochondral ossification and supplemented by appositional bone formation. At day 3, the expression of TGF-β and PDGF was noted in the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and from day 5, these two growth factors were detected in the osteoblasts and extracellular matrix in areas of endochondral ossification and newly formed periosteal bone. From day 3, the expression of type I collagen and osteonectin was noted in the osteoblasts and extracellular matrix in both endochondral ossification and appositional bone growth as a marker of ossification. From day 3, type III collagen was mainly expressed in the plump mesenchymal cells showing chondroid differentiation and chondroid matrix as a marker of cartilaginous reparative phase. From day 14, these growth factors and extracellular matrix components were decreased in staining intensity and at the 5th week, the histology and immunostaining pattern were similar to the mature bone.
Adult ; Animals ; Bone Development ; Chemistry ; Chondrogenesis ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type III ; Collagen ; Edema ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fracture Healing ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mesoderm ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Osteonectin ; Rats ; Tibia ; Transforming Growth Factors

No abstract available.
Dermatitis* ; Tacrolimus ; Tetracycline*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Nevus, Pigmented* ; Pregnant Women*

Primary aldosteronism is in most cases due either to a unilateral adrenal adenama or to a bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex. But, a few of bilateral adrena1 tumors in primary aldosteronism also have been reported. In these cases, it is important to differentiate the bilateral aldosterone producing adenomas from the unilateral aldosteronoma in the presence of a contralateral nonhmctioning adenoma for marking a treatment plan. We report a case of primary aldosteronism due to a unilateral aldosteronoma in the presence of a contralateral nonfunctioning adenoma. Abdominal CT sean revealed bilateral adrenal tumors, of which the functioning one was successfully localized using adrenal scintigraphy and selective adrenal venous sampling.
Adenoma ; Adrenal Cortex ; Aldosterone* ; Hyperaldosteronism* ; Hyperplasia ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Lasers, Gas* ; Telangiectasis* ; Yttrium*

Osteocalcin is one of the most abundant noncollagenous proteins found in adult bone. It is a highly conserved gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein that is believed to be produced exclusively by osteoblasts. In this study, intracellular and extracellular localization of osteocalcin in osteosarcoma was examined with anti-osteocalcin antibody and in situ hybridization using a synthetic oligonucleotide. Immunohistochemically, osteoblastic osteosarcomas were all positive for osteocalcin. The chondroblastic osteosarcomas were positive on the neoplastic chondrocytes. The five fibroblastic osteosarcomas out of seven were positive for osteocalcin immunostaining over the neoplastic spindle cells. Five cases of osteoblastic osteosarcomas out of seven were positive for osteocalcin in situ hybridization. Two cases of chondroblastic osteosarcomas and three cases of fibroblastic osteosarcomas were positive for in situ demonstration of osteocalcin. The malignant tumor giant cells were positive for osteocalcin immunostaining 83%. They were also positive for in situ hybridization. The benign giant cells in five giant cell tumors and five aneurysmal bone cysts were negative for osteocalcin immunostaining. The benign giant cells in three chondroblastoma and three Paget's disease were positive for osteocalcin. In this study, the osteocalcin in situ hybridization and immunostaining has very important meaning for making differential diagnoses of, especially giant cell rich bone forming tumors.
Base Sequence ; Bone Neoplasms/*chemistry ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Osteocalcin/*analysis ; Osteosarcoma/*chemistry

Background: Pulsed dye laser treatment is a proven effective treatment for capillary malformation. Previous studies have shown different responses to pulsed dye laser depending on the anatomical location of the capillary malformation. Objective: This retrospective study assessed the potential differences in treatment response depending on anatomical location and the factors affecting pulsed dye laser treatment response. Methods: We retrospectively investigated 88 patients with capillary malformation (nevus flammeus or port-wine stain) in the head and neck area treated with pulsed dye laser between November 2005 and January 2019. Dermatologists evaluated the effect of treatment from photographs taken before and after treatment. The anatomical location in the head and neck, lesion size, number of treatments, and the presence of proliferative lesion were analyzed from medical records and photographs. Results: The analyzed 88 patients included 121 lesions. The lesion size and the presence of proliferative lesions significantly affected the treatment effect; however, the location of the lesion in the head and neck did not. Conclusion Smaller lesion size and the absence of proliferative lesion showed better effects of pulsed dye laser treatment. Unlike previous studies, the lesion location did not significantly affect the treatment effect.

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma is a common cause of respiratory infections and may require differential diagnosis from Kawasaki disease (KD). In this study, we investigated the frequency and clinical manifestations of mycoplasma infection in patients with KD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 375 in-patients admitted for treatment during the acute stage of KD, were collected, and reviewed retrospectively. Of these patients, 152 (40.5%) were also tested for recent mycoplasma infection. Patients with positive results (anti-mycoplasma IgM Ab >1:640 or cold agglutinin >1:64) were designated as the case group (n = 37, 24.3%) whereas those with negative results were designated as the control group (n = 115, 75.7%). Clinical findings of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: Patients in the case group were older than those in the control group (mean age, 48.2 ± 32.1 months, vs. 31.7 ± 21.7 months; P = 0.001). There were significant differences between the case and control groups in the changes in the extremities (78.3% vs. 57.4%, respectively; P = 0.031), and in fever duration (6.5 ± 2.5 days vs. 5.4 ± 1.5 days; P = 0.047). Of the 37 patients with positive mycoplasma testing, 7 (18.9%) had persistent fever even after the symptoms and signs of systemic inflammation (acute phase of KD) had been resolved. These patients were positive for mycoplasma infection during further evaluation of persistent fever, and all of them responded to macrolide antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: We found that mycoplasma infection is somewhat related to KD. When fever persists after resolution of the acute stage of KD, mycoplasma infection may be considered as a possible cause of fever in preschool-aged children.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Fever* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins* ; Inflammation ; Medical Records ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Mycoplasma Infections* ; Mycoplasma* ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies