No abstract available.
Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Esophageal Atresia* ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Necrosis* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of prior information about ICU environment on the anxiety and environmental stress of cardiac surgery ICU patients. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental research design was used. Participants were 60 (control 30, experimental 30) patients who had been admitted to ICU. Prior information about the ICU environment was provided to the experimental group. The anxiety level of subjects was measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the stress level of subjects was measured by the Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressor Scale (ICUESS). Data were analyzed using a Chi-square test or a Fisher's exact test, independent samples t-test, and paired samples t-test. RESULTS: There was no difference in Anxiety (t=-0.58, p=.563), but there was a significant difference in environmental stress (t=10.46, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Providing prior information would be an effective nursing intervention to reduce environmental stress.
Anxiety* ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Nursing ; Research Design ; Thoracic Surgery*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the food allergy-related knowledge, awareness, and performance of dietitians at children's hospitals, depending on whether or not they have a clinical dietitian certificate.METHODS: A questionnaire survey was administered to 41 dieticians at children's hospitals registered as a part of the Korean Hospital Association. The survey consisted of questionnaires examining general characteristics, nutritional counseling-related characteristics, and food allergy-related characteristics (food allergy-related knowledge, awareness, and performance). We examined differences according to the status of clinical dietitian certification.RESULTS: The proportion of subjects who were holders of clinical dietitian certificates was 48.8%. There were differences between holders of clinical dietitian certificates and non-holders as follows. Regarding nutritional awareness and performance, ‘needs to provide nutrition counseling in children's hospitals’, ‘providing nutrition counseling services in working hospitals’, and ‘whether there is a nutrition counseling room’ scored higher among holders of clinical dietitian certificates than non-holders. Holders of clinical dietitian certificates showed higher scores for knowledge of food allergy symptoms and food allergy management than non-holders. For food allergy awareness and performance, ‘self-assessment of food allergy knowledge understanding level’, ‘awareness of open oral food challenge (OFC)’, ‘recognition of the need for education and counseling on food allergy for patients/guardians’, and ‘food allergy related educational experience’ scored higher among holders of clinical dietitians certificates than in non-holders.CONCLUSIONS: Children's hospital dietitians with a clinical dietitian certificate showed high knowledge, awareness, and performance related to food allergies. It is thus necessary to employ a clinical dietitian for food allergy management in children's hospitals. In addition, training and conservative education are necessary for the management of food allergies for children's hospital dietitians.
Certification ; Counseling ; Education ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Hypersensitivity ; Korea ; Nutritionists

Objectives: This study evaluated dietary intake and food sources of essential fatty acids in Korean adolescents. Methods: This study was comprised of 3,932 adolescents (9–18 years) who participated in the 2016–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Dietary intake and food sources of essential fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and linoleic acid (LA) were evaluated using data obtained from one-day 24-hour dietary recall. The proportions of adolescents consuming ALA, EPA + DHA, and LA above or below the adequate intake (AI) of the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans were calculated. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sample weights. Results: The mean intakes of ALA, EPA, DHA, and LA among Korean adolescents were 1.29 g/day, 69.6 mg/day, 166.0 mg/day, and 11.1 g/day, respectively. Boys had higher intakes of all essential fatty acids compared to girls. By age group, adolescents aged 15–18 years showed lower intakes of EPA and DHA compared to adolescents in younger age groups. The 9–11-yearold adolescents had lower intakes of ALA and LA than older adolescents. The proportions of adolescents who consumed more than AI were 35.7% for ALA, 30.4% for EPA + DHA, and 41.5% for LA. Adherence to the AI for ALA did not differ by sex or age group, although boys showed a lower adherence to the AI for EPA + DHA than girls. Major food sources for ALA and LA were plant-based oils, mayonnaise, pork, and eggs. Mackerel was the most significant contributor to EPA and DHA intake (EPA, 22.6%; DHA, 22.2%), followed by laver, squid, and anchovy. Conclusions The proportion of Korean adolescents who consumed EPA + DHA more than AI was low. Our findings highlight that nutrition education emphasizing an intake of essential fatty acids from healthy food sources is needed among Korean adolescents.

This study examined mothers' perceptions on nutrition education for elementary school students according to demographical factors. Questionnaires were distributed to the mothers of 511 elementary school students in the Busan area. According to the results, 50% of the respondents felt that the preschool years or the lower elementary grades were proper times to start nutrition education. Furthermore, they preferred school dietitians (55.4%), outside professional dietitians (16.3%), nurse teachers (13.8%), class room teachers (11.7%), and parents (2.8%) as nutrition educators. The mothers who were college and university graduates had significantly (p<0.001) higher scores regarding the necessity of nutrition education for student growth when compared to mothers who were high schools graduates. However, the high school graduates had significantly (p<0.001) higher scores than the college and university graduates with respect to nutrition education for correcting obesity. The order of importance for nutrition education curriculum content was as follows: eating habits, food safety, health and disease, maintaining ideal body weight, food waste and environment, basic food knowledge, and traditional foods. The college and university graduates, and those of 'A' group schools, had significantly (p<0.001) higher importance scores for proper eating habits. Mothers having experience with nutrition education comprised 43.9% of the subjects, and there was a significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage of employed mothers as compared to unemployed. Eighty-six percent of the respondents wanted to receive nutrition education. For more effective learning, they preferred in-person group education rather than correspondence education using e-mails or printed materials from schools.
Curriculum ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Eating ; Electronic Mail ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Ideal Body Weight ; Learning ; Mothers ; Obesity ; Parents

In contrast to younger patients, geriatric patients are generally considered to be a poor risk for anesthesia and surgery and greater care should be taken in anesthetic management, because many have chronic systemic diseases in addition to a decrease in physiologic function. To evaluate geriatric anesthetic experiences, we received clinical records of 1,062 patients aged over 65 out of 21,656 surgical cases performed at Korea University Hye-Wha Hospital from January 1980 to December 1986. The cases were analysed according to age, sex, department, preoperative physical status, anesthetic techniques and agents, duration of anesthesia, operation site, length of hospital stay, laboratory data(Chest X-ray, EKG), associated diseases, postoperative complications and mortality. The results are as follows: 1) Of the 1,062 geriatric surgical patients, 516 cases(48.6%) were 65~69 years of age. 2) The number of geriatric surgical cases was 1,062 of which 672(63.3%) were male and 390(36.7%) were female. 3) Most surgical cases were general surgery(401 cases, 37.8%). 4) The rate of elective and emergency surgery was 78.0%(829 cases) and 22.0%(233 cases), respectively. The ratio of insurance patients (737 cases, 69.4%) versus noninsurance patients(325 cases, 30.6%) was approximately 2:1. 5) The number of general anesthesia cases was 777 (73.2%), spinal anesthesia 244( 23.0%), epidural anesthesia, 21(.20%), and brachial plexus block, 5( 0.5%). The anesthetics were thalamonal and meperidine hydrochloride(238 cases, 22.4%), halothane(204 cases, 19.2%) and tetracaine(244 cases, 23.0%). 6) The duraion of anesthesia was within 1hour in 88 cases( 8.3%), 1~2 hours in 421 cases(39.6%), and 2~3 hours in 291 cases(27.4%). 7) The number of lower abdominal surgery cases was 497 (46.8%) and the number of upper abdominal surgery cases was 188(17.7%). 8) Preoperative laboratory findings were as follows: The findings of preoperative chest X-rays revealed that 219 cases(21.4%) were within normal mits. 182 cases(17.8%) had hypertensive heart, and 208 cases(20.4%) had atherosclerosis. The EKG, which was done on 90.8% of the patients, revealed that 333 cases (34.5%) were within normal limits, 77 cases(8.0%) showed left ventricular hypertrophy, 65 cases(6.7%) showed sinus bradycardia, and 27 cases(2.8%) showed myocardial ischemia. 9) Hypertension(88cases, 49.4%) was the most commonly associated disease. 10) The total number of postoperative complication cases was 73(6.9%). Seventeen cases showed wound infection and delayed skin closure, 19 cases showed pneumonia, and 7 cases showed atelectasis. 11) The total number of postoperative deaths was 18 cases(1.7%).
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthetics ; Atherosclerosis ; Brachial Plexus ; Bradycardia ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Insurance ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Meperidine ; Mortality ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pneumonia ; Postoperative Complications ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Skin ; Thorax ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Gastroschisis*