The errors were discovered after publication: missing references and missing words.

Sebaceous carcinoma is uncommon and usually presents in the ocular adnexa as a cancer of the meibomian glands. They are frequently mistaken for chalazion. Considerable time often elapses before a diagnosis is made. We present a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the left eye lid in 59 year old female who had a history of 3 repeated surgical resections clinically diagnosed as chalazion during last 3 years.
Female ; Humans

Detailed mechanism of uterine cervical cancer progression still remains unclear. Altered programmed cell death (apoptosis) and cellular proliferation are associated with the development of neoplasia. The authors investigated the expressions of bcl-2, which inhibit apoptosis, and caspase-3, which is involved in the induction of apoptosis and has been considered to be correlated with apoptosis, and proliferating activity according to the degree of malignancy in the squamous neoplasia of the uterine cervix. Correlation between bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression and proliferating activity was done. The materials were low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, n=15), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, n=15), microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma (n=15), and squamous cell carcinoma (n=15). Immunohistochemical stainings for bcl-2, caspase-3, and MIB-1 were done. bcl-2 and MIB-1 expressions were progressively increased in accordance with the increasing degree of malignancy, but caspase-3 immunoreactivity was higher in LSIL than invasive cancers. There was an inverse relationship between bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. No significant correlation between MIB-1, bcl-2, and caspase-3 expressions was observed. These results suggest that an inhibition of apoptosis and the augmentation of proliferating activity of tumor cells might be separately involved in the development of the cervical squamous neoplasia.
Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Caspase 3* ; Cell Death ; Cell Proliferation ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Menkes disease is an X-linked recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder of copper metabolism leading to death in early childhood. This disease is characterized by low serum, liver and brain Cu levels, whereas the Cu content in nearly all other organs is increased. The main clinical features are irregular kinky hair, characteristic face, progresssive degeneration of the central nervous system, bone changes, arterial rupture and thrombosis, and instability of temperature. We have experienced a case of Menkes disease in a eight months old male patient, who manifested by seizure, developmental delay, hypotonia, characteristic hair and face along with low levels of serum copper and ceruloplasmin. We report the characteristic findings of cranial MRI and MR angiography in this Menke's patient. In cranial MRI, he showed progressive brain atrophy with subdural hemorrhage and effusion. MR angiography revealed tortuosity of vessels clearly obviating necessity of more invasive conventional arteriography in diagnosis of this disease. This study suggested that cranial MRI and especially MR angiography might be helpful in making early diagnosis of this disease.
Angiography ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Ceruloplasmin ; Copper ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Hair ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome ; Metabolism ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Rupture ; Seizures ; Thrombosis

We report 2 cases of pediatric DNTs which presented with intractable seizures and no other associated neurologic abnormalities. They showed typical appearance of DNTs on neuroimaging and histopathology. Most patients with DNT can be cured by surgical treatment with exellent outcome and do not need ratio- or chemotheraphy. This study indicates that it is quite important to consider DNTs as one of differential diagnoses in patients with intractable seizures especially when they present only with seizures without other neurologic symptoms.
Child* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial* ; Neuroimaging ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Seizures*

A case of malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT) developed after radiation therapy for a uterine cervix cancer is described. The patient was a 62-year-old female at the time of diagnosis of stage Ib squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and a total of 12,000 rads of x-ray was administered on the pelvic area. Five years later she manifested vaginal spotting and rectal pain. Endometial curettage and biopsy revealed carcinosarcoma. Radical hysterectomy was done and a 5x3x2 cm sized polypoid mass was noted in the uterine cavity. Microscopically, the tumor showed intimate admixture of adenocarcinomatous and sarcomatous areas. The sarcomatous stroma was composed of compactly arranged atypical spindle cells with frequent mitoses, merging into a loosely textured reticular areas and abundant amount of heterologous elements such as skeletal muscle and cartilage. The rhabdomyosarcomatous element was confirmed by PTAH staining and immunohistochemical staining for myoglobin and desmin. Multiple metastases to the liver, lung, and lymph nodes appeared within one year of total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In spite of palliative radiotherapy, she expired one month later.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Electrolytes* ; Lung*

PURPOSE: Algorithms to get cross-sectional bone density pattern(transverse histogram) to predict the loosening of hip prosthesis using DXA(Dual X-ray Absorptiometry) have been developed. We performed this study to analyze the correlation between radiologic findings and densitometric pattern of the THRA(Total Hip Replacement Arthroplasty) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six hips of 32 THRA patients were evaluated. The duration between THRA and DXA was from 1 year 7 months to 15 years. On transverse histogram, the periprosthetic bone density patterns were classified as 3 types;type I, rigid fixation in 17, type II, definite loosening in 8, and type III, partial loosening in 11 cases. Surgical findings, plain X-ray findnings and transverse histogram using DXA were correlated. RESULTS: Among 14 cases performing revision for acetabular prosthesis loosening, 5 cases revealed loosening of fernoral stems while 9 cases revealed rigid fixation of femoral stems. Sensitivity was 100% for either plain X-ray or DXA. Specificity was 88%, 77% for plain X-ray and DXA respectively. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study reveals that periprosthetic bone density pattern on transverse histogram on DXA may be useful in the evaluation of the loosening. However, further study will be needed for clinical application.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Bone Density ; Hip ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Prosthesis Failure ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: To assess the spinal canal and neural foraminal stenosis associated with spondylolisthesis on MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed MR findings of 63 cases of spondylolisthesis(degenerative type:23 cases, isthmic type:40 cases) regarding the type and grade of spondylolisthesis, prensence or absence of associated spinal canal stenosis, and the severity of associated neural foraminal stenosis. RESULTS: Central canal stenosis were more frequent in degenerative type(91%) than isthmic type(33%), and more frequent in grade II spondylolisthesis of degenerative type(100%) and isthmic type(89%) than in grade spondylolisthesis of degenerative type(45%) and isthmic type(20%). There was positive correlation between the severity of neural foraminal stenosis and the grade of spondylolisthesis, whereas there was no significant difference between degenerative and isthmic types. CONCLUSION: Degenerative spondylolisthesis were frequently associated with central canal stenosis more than isthmic type. When the grade of spondylolisthesis was higher, it was more frequently associated with central canal stenosis and severe neural foraminal stenosis.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Canal ; Spondylolisthesis*

A 23-year-old woman visited our clinic for the evaluation of a small bean-sized mass in the right lower eyelid. She noticed a mass in the right lower eyelid 6 years ago. The mass was treated with incision and curettage under the impression of chalazion twice at the local clinic, but recurred soon after the operation. On examination, the visual acuity was 1.0 in both eyes. A firm, non-tender, smooth, movable and small bean-sized mass was palpable in the right lower eyelid. A white scar from the previous operation was seen on the palpebral conjunctiva of the right lower eyelid. The mass was excised through the conjunctiva. The histopathological diagnosis of the excised mass was benign mixed tumor. The patient was recommended of further radical excision. The pentagon-shaped excision of the right lower eyelid under frozen section control was done 2 weeks after the first operation. The patient is doing well as of now. The benign mixed tumor of the lower eyelid can arise from either ectopic lacrimal gland or accessory lacrimal gland.
Chalazion ; Cicatrix ; Conjunctiva ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Visual Acuity ; Young Adult