Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic disease of unknown cause, characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the biliary tree with diffuse multifocal stricture formation. With increasing knowledge of primary sclerosing cholangitis, it is now recognized that in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease, cholangiocarcinoma is a complication of primary sclerosing cholangitis. We recently experienced a case of 41 year old female patient who had Crohns disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholangioearcinoma. We report a case of primary sclerosing cholangitis with cholangiocarcinoma with literature review.
Adult ; Biliary Tract* ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing* ; Chronic Disease ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Crohn Disease ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Pancreas*

Werniche's encephalopathy is clinically characterized by the acute onset of global confusion, ataxia, gaze paresis, and nystagmus. It result from a deficiency in thiamine, an essential coenzyme in intermediate carbohydrate metabolism. The prompt use of thiamine prevents progression of the disease and reverses those lesions that have not yet progressed to the point of fixed structural change. We experienced a case of Wemiches encephalopathy associated with hyperemesis gravidarum, which happens to the patient who are injected only dextrose without thiamine. Therefore, we emphasize the need of thiamine replacement in hyperemesis gravidarum.
Ataxia ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum ; Paresis ; Pregnancy ; Thiamine

PURPOSE: This study elicited Korean women's perceptions of the life situations that contribute to Hwabyung, a culture bound psychiatric illness in Korea, and delineated a typology of the perceived causative factors for this illness. METHOD: A purposive sample of 21 Korean women was recruited from a church, a senior center in Seoul and a clinic that provides traditional Korean and westernized medical services to patients in the Gyeonggi area. Inclusion criteria were: 1) the diagnosis of Hwabyung by a traditional doctor or "stress reaction and depression" by a westernized doctor; and 2) a score greater than 40 on the Hwabyung Self Report Instrument. Surveys using the HSRI and individual interviews using Q methodology were used. RESULT: The average age of the participants was 53.7 years (range 35-84). The mean score on the HSRI was 46.2 (range = 42-52). Data analysis showed that participants perceived three life situations to cause Hwabyung: vulnerable situation, lowered self esteem, and negative life events. CONCLUSIONS: Korean women, suffering from Hwabyung, perceived at least three different causal patterns for this illness. Nursing care plans should be tailored to meet these differences.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Patient Care Planning ; Self Concept ; Self Report ; Senior Centers ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Dermoid Cyst*

In view of the current trend towards carrying out termination of pregnancy as day cases it is also important that the patient should be free from pain with a rapid recovery from anesthesia and a minimum of post operative sequalae. We compared the effects of three other anesthetic techniques for the termination of pregnancy in 100 healthy womes as day cases. 1) Anesthesia with thiopental sodium alone was associated with a high score of pain sensation(2+/-0.93) and with considerably rapid recovery(103+/-57.6 mins). 2) The combination of thiopental sodium and meperidine was associated with a lower score of pain sensation(1.58+/-0.8) and with rapidl recovery(101+/-56.4 mins). 3) Meperidine with diazepam was associated with the lowest score of pain sensation(1.4+/-0.69), but had prolonged recovery time(206+/-126 mins) twice that of other techniques. It was conclued that the combination A thiopental sodium and meperidine was the technique of choice for termination of pregnancy as day-cases.
Anesthesia ; Diazepam ; Humans ; Meperidine ; Pregnancy* ; Thiopental

A 23-year-old woman visited our clinic for the evaluation of a small bean-sized mass in the right lower eyelid. She noticed a mass in the right lower eyelid 6 years ago. The mass was treated with incision and curettage under the impression of chalazion twice at the local clinic, but recurred soon after the operation. On examination, the visual acuity was 1.0 in both eyes. A firm, non-tender, smooth, movable and small bean-sized mass was palpable in the right lower eyelid. A white scar from the previous operation was seen on the palpebral conjunctiva of the right lower eyelid. The mass was excised through the conjunctiva. The histopathological diagnosis of the excised mass was benign mixed tumor. The patient was recommended of further radical excision. The pentagon-shaped excision of the right lower eyelid under frozen section control was done 2 weeks after the first operation. The patient is doing well as of now. The benign mixed tumor of the lower eyelid can arise from either ectopic lacrimal gland or accessory lacrimal gland.
Chalazion ; Cicatrix ; Conjunctiva ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Visual Acuity ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purposes of this phenomenological study were to explore the experience of preterm labor. METHODS: The participants were 7 women admitted to two obstetric hospitals in Kyunggi-do Province with preterm labor. Data was collected with MP3 records through individual in-depth interviews and participated observation. The data was analyzed by Giorgi(1985) method. RESULTS: The results were divided into six categories as follows: 1) Inappropriate coping: unexpected event, overwork, lack of insight of preterm labor, 2) Burn out: multiple role, burden, role conflict. 3) Restrictions of lifestyle: uncomfortable hospital environment, wearisomeness, limitations of personal hygiene, 4) Physical discomfort: headache, flush, tremor, palpitations, 5) Psychological distress : concerns about fetus health status, fear of possible preterm delivery, lack of information, financial worries, 6) A transition to new lifestyle: share of household chores, communication with self-help group, careful lifestyle. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will offer a better understanding of women's preterm labor experiences and suggest clues to nurses on how to improve the care they provide.
Burns ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Fetus ; Headache ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Life Style ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Pregnancy ; Self-Help Groups ; Tremor

No abstract available.
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development* ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital* ; Female* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Kangaroo Care(KC) on anxiety, maternal role confidence, and maternal infant attachment of mothers who delivered preterm infants. METHODS: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest. Data was collected from September 1. 2006 to June 20. 2007. The participants were 22 mothers in the experimental group and 21 in the control group. KC was applied three times per day, for a total of ten times in 4 days to the experimental group. RESULTS: The degree of anxiety was statistically significantly different between the two groups but maternal role confidence and maternal infant attachment was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: This data suggests that KC was effective for mothers anxiety relief but it was not effective for maternal role confidence and maternal infant attachment of mothers. The implications for nursing practice and directions for future research need to be discussed.
Adult ; *Anxiety ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Care/*methods ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature/*psychology ; Maternal Behavior/psychology ; Mother-Child Relations ; Mothers/*psychology ; Neonatal Nursing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of music therapy on anxiety, stress and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women during a transvaginal ultrasound. METHODS: This study was a nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design. Pregnant women (n = 232) were assigned to experimental (n = 117) and control (n = 116) groups respectively. The data were collected from August 2 to 27, 2010. The experimental group received general prenatal care and single 30-minute session of music therapy, while the control group received only general prenatal care. Anxiety, stress, and maternal-fetal attachment was assessed using three self-report measures by State scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (1976), Pregnant women's stress scale of Ahn (1984) and Cranley's (1981) maternal-fetal attachment scale. RESULTS: The music therapy group showed statistically significant decrease in anxiety compared to control group but no significant difference was identified in stress and maternal-fetal attachment. CONCLUSIONS: The finding provides evidence for use of nursing intervention in prenatal care unit to reduce pregnant women's anxiety. Further research is necessary to test the benefits of music therapy with different frequency and duration.
Anxiety ; Female ; Humans ; Music ; Music Therapy ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Care