Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic disease of unknown cause, characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the biliary tree with diffuse multifocal stricture formation. With increasing knowledge of primary sclerosing cholangitis, it is now recognized that in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease, cholangiocarcinoma is a complication of primary sclerosing cholangitis. We recently experienced a case of 41 year old female patient who had Crohns disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholangioearcinoma. We report a case of primary sclerosing cholangitis with cholangiocarcinoma with literature review.
Adult ; Biliary Tract* ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing* ; Chronic Disease ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Crohn Disease ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Pancreas*

Werniche's encephalopathy is clinically characterized by the acute onset of global confusion, ataxia, gaze paresis, and nystagmus. It result from a deficiency in thiamine, an essential coenzyme in intermediate carbohydrate metabolism. The prompt use of thiamine prevents progression of the disease and reverses those lesions that have not yet progressed to the point of fixed structural change. We experienced a case of Wemiches encephalopathy associated with hyperemesis gravidarum, which happens to the patient who are injected only dextrose without thiamine. Therefore, we emphasize the need of thiamine replacement in hyperemesis gravidarum.
Ataxia ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum ; Paresis ; Pregnancy ; Thiamine

PURPOSE: This study elicited Korean women's perceptions of the life situations that contribute to Hwabyung, a culture bound psychiatric illness in Korea, and delineated a typology of the perceived causative factors for this illness. METHOD: A purposive sample of 21 Korean women was recruited from a church, a senior center in Seoul and a clinic that provides traditional Korean and westernized medical services to patients in the Gyeonggi area. Inclusion criteria were: 1) the diagnosis of Hwabyung by a traditional doctor or "stress reaction and depression" by a westernized doctor; and 2) a score greater than 40 on the Hwabyung Self Report Instrument. Surveys using the HSRI and individual interviews using Q methodology were used. RESULT: The average age of the participants was 53.7 years (range 35-84). The mean score on the HSRI was 46.2 (range = 42-52). Data analysis showed that participants perceived three life situations to cause Hwabyung: vulnerable situation, lowered self esteem, and negative life events. CONCLUSIONS: Korean women, suffering from Hwabyung, perceived at least three different causal patterns for this illness. Nursing care plans should be tailored to meet these differences.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Patient Care Planning ; Self Concept ; Self Report ; Senior Centers ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Dermoid Cyst*

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

In view of the current trend towards carrying out termination of pregnancy as day cases it is also important that the patient should be free from pain with a rapid recovery from anesthesia and a minimum of post operative sequalae. We compared the effects of three other anesthetic techniques for the termination of pregnancy in 100 healthy womes as day cases. 1) Anesthesia with thiopental sodium alone was associated with a high score of pain sensation(2+/-0.93) and with considerably rapid recovery(103+/-57.6 mins). 2) The combination of thiopental sodium and meperidine was associated with a lower score of pain sensation(1.58+/-0.8) and with rapidl recovery(101+/-56.4 mins). 3) Meperidine with diazepam was associated with the lowest score of pain sensation(1.4+/-0.69), but had prolonged recovery time(206+/-126 mins) twice that of other techniques. It was conclued that the combination A thiopental sodium and meperidine was the technique of choice for termination of pregnancy as day-cases.
Anesthesia ; Diazepam ; Humans ; Meperidine ; Pregnancy* ; Thiopental

A 23-year-old woman visited our clinic for the evaluation of a small bean-sized mass in the right lower eyelid. She noticed a mass in the right lower eyelid 6 years ago. The mass was treated with incision and curettage under the impression of chalazion twice at the local clinic, but recurred soon after the operation. On examination, the visual acuity was 1.0 in both eyes. A firm, non-tender, smooth, movable and small bean-sized mass was palpable in the right lower eyelid. A white scar from the previous operation was seen on the palpebral conjunctiva of the right lower eyelid. The mass was excised through the conjunctiva. The histopathological diagnosis of the excised mass was benign mixed tumor. The patient was recommended of further radical excision. The pentagon-shaped excision of the right lower eyelid under frozen section control was done 2 weeks after the first operation. The patient is doing well as of now. The benign mixed tumor of the lower eyelid can arise from either ectopic lacrimal gland or accessory lacrimal gland.
Chalazion ; Cicatrix ; Conjunctiva ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Visual Acuity ; Young Adult

Sexual health education for the patients is an independent function as well as a professional responsibility of nurses. Education should be based on the needs of patients in order to be successful and effective. Therefore nurses must identify sexual health education needs of their patients. A sexual health education protocol for hysterectomy patients was developed by the researcher for this study and included physiosexual and psychosexual topics as well as the topic of sexual interaction. The subject pool was composed of 108 post op total hysterectomy patients who had undergone doing a hysterectomy 5 to 10 days previously at 5 hospitals located in the Seoul and Kyunggi-do area from July 23 to September 30, 2001.The questionnaire was composed of 60 items on sexual health education and used a Likert-type 4-point scale. Internal consistency of this questionnaire in this study was cronbach's aloha=.9495 for sexual health educational needs. For data analysis, the study executed a t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's Test, in accordance with the purpose of the study using SPSS/PC Win 10.0. The results were as follows: The need for education was highest in the psychosexual area (3.38 point) with education related to sexual interaction the lowest (3.20 point). Osteoporosis (3.75 point) was ranked overall as the highest area of educational need. The degree of educational need varied in correlation with other characteristics of the patients including age, status of marriage, duration of marriage, religion, academic career, monthly income, occupation, the number of children age of menarche, menstruation, other diseases except gynecological disease, previous genital organ operation experience, disease discovery method, pre-explanation for the hysterectomy, average sexual intercourse frequency, how to acquire sexual health information and previous sexual health education (p<.05). In conclusion, the degree of sexual health education needs of hysterectomy patients was very high. Therefore, sexual health educational programs planned according to characteristics of the participating women is necessary.
Child ; Coitus ; Education ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Marriage ; Menarche ; Menstruation ; Occupations ; Osteoporosis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproductive Health* ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to present a procedure for developing a PBL package and to provide the example of its application. METHOD: In this study, the PBL package was proposed based on the integrated curricular under maternity nursing. The PBL package model proposed by Little was applied to this study. RESULT: The procedure for developing the PBL package includes course objectives, learning objectives, concept mapping, situation scenario, tutor guide, and evaluation method. Clinical scenarios used in 3 PBL packages were composed of a pregnant women, a childbirth women, and a postpartum women. The Eight detailed steps are given in this study. CONCLUSION: Through these findings, the steps might be easier and more useful for nurse professionals to begin using the PBL package in maternity nursing. In addition, the steps will actively contribute to imply the PBL in nursing education.
Education, Nursing ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Learning ; Maternal-Child Nursing ; Parturition* ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Problem-Based Learning*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Nei-Guan(P6) acupressure on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women having hyperemesis gravidarum. METHOD: The research design was a randomized control-group pretest-posttest repeated measure design with counter balancing. For the experimental treatment, P6 acupressure was carried out for ten minutes. Data was collected from April 1. 2003 to April 30. 2004. The participants were 66 patients admitted with hyperemesis gravidarum. They were divided into three groups, a P6 acupressure group, placebo point group and a control group. RESULT: Hyperemesis gravidarum patients who received P6 acupressure during admission experienced much less nausea and vomiting than the placebo acupressure and control group(F=8.259, p=.001). CONCLUSION: Nei-Guan(P6) acupressure is considered an effective intervention for reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women having hyperemesis gravidarum. Further more Nei-Guan(P6) acupressure maybe used as an independent nursing intervention method for pregnant women with severe nausea and vomiting.
Pregnancy ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum/*therapy ; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; *Acupressure