No abstract available.
Dwarfism*

No abstract available.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Case-Control Studies* ; Health Promotion* ; Risk Factors*

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the effect of delivery nursing care using essential oils on labor stress response, labor anxiety and postpartum status anxiety for primipara. METHODS: This study used nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this experiment consisted of forty eight primipara with single gestation, full term, & uncomplicated pregnancies. Twenty four primipra were in the experimental and control group each. Their mean age was 27.9 years old, their mean gestation period 279.9 days. As a treatment, delivery nursing care using essential oils was applied by nurses. Data collected epinephrine, norepinephrine, anxiety during labor. In the 24 hours after birth, the data for the postpartum mother's status anxiety was collected. Data was analyzed by t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, & Wilcoxon signed ranks test with SPSS Program. RESULTS: Plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine were significantly low in the experimental group (P=0.001, P=0.033, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups in anxiety during labor and postpartum mother's status anxiety. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that delivery nursing care using essential oils could be effective in decreasing plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine. But, that could not be verified in decreasing mother's anxiety.
Stress/*prevention & control ; Pregnancy ; Postpartum Period/*psychology ; Oils, Volatile/*therapeutic use ; Norepinephrine/blood ; Labor, Obstetric/*psychology ; Humans ; Female ; Epinephrine/blood ; Delivery, Obstetric/*nursing ; *Aromatherapy ; Anxiety/*prevention & control ; Adult

No abstract available.
Stroke*

PURPOSE: The germ cell proliferation and apoptosis were investigated in testis and its effect to the spermatogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The biopsy specimens of testis were obtained from 58 infertile males with nonobstructive azoospermia due to primary testicular failure and from 13 prostate cancer cases with normal spermatogenesis. The infertility specimens were divided into 4 groups according to histopathologic findings- Sertoli cell only syndrome(A), maturation arrest(B), hypospermatogenesis(C) and disorganization with sloughing(D) and quantitatively evaluated with Johnsen score system. Germ cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined using immunohistochemical study with MIB-1, bcl-2 monclonal antibodies and TUNEL method, and evaluated the relationship between their results and histopathologic findings. RESULTS: MIB-1 expression was negative in all infertility group A. MIB-1 positivity was revealed no statistical significance among infertility groups B, C, D and control group(p>0.05 in each). Bcl-2 and apoptosis were not expressed in all infertilty group A and control group. Bcl-2 and apoptosis positivity were revealed no significant difference among group B, C and D (p>0.05). MIB-1 expression was shown no relationship with the apoptosis (p>0.05), and a high prevalence in bcl-2 positive group, but there was no significant correlation (p>0.05). In infertility group, the MIB-1 index and bcl-2 positivity were decreased according to high Johnsen score but no statistical difference (p>0.05), and apoptosis was shown no relationship with Johnsen score (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MIB-1 expression did not represent the degree of spermatogenic failure in infertile patients. The apoptosis was detected in all infertility groups except Sertoli cell only syndrome. Apoptosis was suggested to be related somewhat with spermatogeneis.
Antibodies ; Apoptosis* ; Azoospermia ; Biopsy ; Cell Proliferation ; Germ Cells* ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Infertility ; Male ; Prevalence ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome ; Spermatogenesis* ; Testis*

The Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) revised the Health Functional Food Act in 2008 and extended the form of health functional foods to general food types. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate consumers' perceptions of the expanded form of health functional food and to predict consumption patterns. For this study, 1,006 male and female adults aged 19 years and older were selected nationwide by multi-stage stratified random sampling and were surveyed in 1:1 interviews. The questionnaire survey was conducted by Korea Gallup. The subjects consisted of 497 (49.4%) males and 509 (50.6%) females. About 57.9% of the subjects recognized the KFDA's permission procedures for health functional foods. Regarding the health functional foods that the subjects had consumed, red ginseng products were the highest (45.3%), followed by nutritional supplements (34.9%), ginseng products (27.9%), lactobacillus-containing products (21.0%), aloe products (20.3%), and Japanese apricot extract products (18.4%). Opinions on expanding the form of health functional foods to general food types scored 4.7 points on a 7-point scale, showing positive responses. In terms of the effects of medicine-type health functional foods versus generic health functional foods, the highest response was 'same effects if the same ingredients are contained' at a rate of 34.7%. For intake frequency by food type, the response of 'daily consistent intake' was 31.7% for capsules, tablets, and pills, and 21.7% for extracts. For general food types, 'daily consistent intake' was 44.5% for rice and 22.8% for beverages, which were higher rates than those for medicine types. From the above results, consumers had positive opinions of the expansion of health functional foods to generic forms but are not expected to maintain accurate intake frequencies or amounts. Thus, continuous promotion and education are needed for proper intake of generic health functional foods.
Adult ; Aged ; Aloe ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Beverages ; Capsules ; Female ; Functional Food ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Panax ; Prunus armeniaca ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tablets ; United States Food and Drug Administration

In Korea, the quality control(QC) program forcytopathology was introduced in 1995. The program consists of a checklist for the cytolopathology departments, analysis data on all the participating institutions' QC data, including the annual data on cytologic examinations, the distribution of the gynecological cytologic diagnoses, as based on The Bethesda System 2001, and the data on cytologic-histolgical correlation of the gynecological field, and an evaluation for diagnostic accuracy. The diagnostic accuracy program has been performed 3 times per year with using gynecological, body fluid and fine needle aspiration cytologic slides. We report here on the institutional QC data and the evaluation for diagnostic accuracy since 2004, and also on the new strategy for quality control and assurance in the cytologic field. The diagnostic accuracy results of both the participating institutions and the QC committee were as follows; Category 0 and A: about 94%, Category B: 4~5%, Category C: less than 2%. As a whole, the cytologic daignostic accuracy is relatively satisfactory. In 2008, on site evaluation for pathology and cytology laboratories, as based on the "Quality Assurance Program for Pathology Services" is now going on, and a new method using virtual slides or image files for determining the diagnostic accuracy will be performed in November 2008.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Body Fluids ; Checklist ; Korea ; Quality Control

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a gum-chewing on the recovery of bowel motility and days of hospitalization after surgery for colorectal cancer. METHODS: This study used a non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design. Thirty-four patients undergoing abdominal surgery for colorectal cancer were assigned to either gum-chewing group (n=17) or control group (n=17). The patients in the gum-chewing group chewed gum for 10 min three times daily from the first postoperative morning until the day they began oral intake. Outcome variables were time of first flatus, time of first bowel movement, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: Gum-chewing was effective in enhancing the first passage of flatus, but was not effective in enhancing time of bowel movement and length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Gum-chewing can be utilized as a useful nursing intervention to shorten the time of the first flatus of postoperative colectomy.
Colectomy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Flatulence ; Gingiva ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Mastication

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop a nurse-learning program for the pain management of cancer patients. METHODS: In this methodological study, a learning program was developed between January and June 2011, following the methodological procedure based on the ADDIE Instructional System Design. RESULTS: The learning program consists of 4 parts: learning goal, learning outcomes, learning method, and evaluation method. Learner-centered learning goal and learning outcomes were established, and lecture-based group learning and self-directed study were combined as the learning method. For the evaluation, we developed a written test, a nursing skill checklist, and a case report evaluation tool. After a pilot test, the learning program was assessed by an expert group for its construct validity and content-related conformance. Moreover, the effectiveness of the program was validated by the results of the learning outcomes evaluation and the achievement levels of 40 trainees who participated in the program. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the results of this study, we suggest that this unit-based core nursing practice learning program, comprising 202 nursing units developed by a research institute nursing department since 2010, be shared by all nurses in clinical nursing care settings to improve their practical performance and ensure necessary specialization.
Academies and Institutes ; Checklist ; Humans ; Learning* ; Methods ; Nursing Care ; Nursing* ; Oncologic Nursing ; Pain Management* ; Programmed Instruction as Topic