OBJECTIVE: Because endometriosis is difficult to diagnose and has a high recurrence rate after treatment, a reliable serum marker of endometriosis is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the serum levels of CA125 and CA19-9 in patients with endometriosis before and after treatment and during recurrence, and to assess the usefulness of these levels in the diagnosis, clinical follow up and prediction of recurrence in endometriosis. METHODS: Eighty-eight patients who visited the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Ewha Mokdong Hospital from January 1994 to December 1998 and were diagnosed as endometriosis by laparoscopy or explo-laparotomy were enrolled as subjects. A retrospective analysis of serum CA125 and CA19-9 levels at 1 month before and 3 to 6 months after initiation of treatment was done. RESULTS: The serum CA125 and CA19-9 levels of endometriosis group(81.0+/-252.5, 36.6+/-53.4 ; mean+/-2SD, U/ml) before treatment was significantly higher than control group(11.6+/-12.8, 9.4+/-8.6)(p<0.05). Overall sensitivity rate for CA125, CA19-9 levels and both was 53.4%, 42.9% and 64.3% respectively. The sensitivity rate for endometriosis, stage 3 and 4(85.4%, 55.0%) was significantly higher than that, stage 1 and 2(p<0.05). The serum CA125 level in endometriosis group showed a significant increment according to stages(p<0.05) while the serum CA19-9 level showed an increasing trend(p=0.055) and both levels decreased significantly after treatment(p<0.05). The serum CA125 level was also higher at recurrence after treatment(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The serum CA125 and CA19-9 levels are a useful marker for diagnosing severity of disease, monitoring efficacy of treatment and predicting recurrence in endometriosis.
Biomarkers ; Diagnosis ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Obstetrics ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Bartter Syndrome*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to detect viral coproantigens in children who were hospitalized with acute diarrhea and to compare its association with clinical symptoms. METHODS: Seventy-four stool samples were collected from children admitted to Ewha Mokdong Hospital from March 1996 to December 1999. The samples were frozen and analyzed for rotavirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with monoclonal antibody. 53 stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhea (diarrheal group) and 21 stool samples from patients hospitalized for reasons other than diarrhea (control group). Clinical features and laboratory findings were reviewed in both groups. RESULTS: Among 74 stool samples, virus antigens were detected in 60 samples. Of the 60 virus-positive stool samples, 47 enterovirus, 26 rotavirus, 16 adenovirus, 11 astrovirus, and 11 calicivirus antigens were detected by EIA. Of the 60 virus-positive stool samples, 28 samples have one viral antigen, 30 samples have 2 or more viral antigens, and 2 samples showed a simultaneous infection of Salmonella group B and enterovirus. There was no relationship between the detected virus and clinical features. CONCLUSION: In this study, viral coproantigen and clinical symptoms were not associated. In the future, further larger scale studies are necessary.
Adenoviridae ; Antigens, Viral* ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Diarrhea ; Enterovirus ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Rotavirus ; Salmonella

A 62-year-old woman without vascular risk factors presented with left-sided weakness and numbness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain depicted acute right hemispheric infarcts in the cortical and subcortical white matter. Initial MR angiography (MRA) showed large thrombus at the right carotid bifurcation. Valvular atrial fibrillation (vAF) with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was found on two-dimensional echocardiography. Serial follow-up computed tomography angiography (CTA) or MRA at 3, 9, and 15 days after anticoagulation alone showed complete resolution of the thrombus with no neurological deterioration. Our case suggests that prompt institution of anticoagulantion alone may result in radiologic resolution of the thrombus with improvement in patient’s clinical status.
Carotid Arteries

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

BACKGROUND: We compared thiopental sodium with propofol as induction agents under propofol-N2O anesthesia for cesarean sections. METHODS: We selected 68 pregnant women with a single fetus undergoing an elective cesarean section under general anesthesia and randomly allocated them to the thiopental sodium group (group N) or the propofol group (group P). Without premedication, thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg were injected for induction in group N, and propofol 2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg in group P. Propofol 10 mg/kg/hr was infused continuously with 50% N2O in both groups. We checked the blood pressure and the heart rate before and after injection. We analysed blood gas of maternal artery, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein at delivery and checked Apgar scores at 1 minute and 5 minutes after delivery. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in blood pressure, heart rate and Apgar scores between groups. Oxygen partial pressure (35.6 +/- 5.8 mmHg) and oxygen saturation (66.2 +/- 12.0%) of the umbilical vein in group P was higher than in group N (32.7 +/- 4.9 mmHg, 58.7 +/- 11.5%). Carbon dioxide partial pressure and pH did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: There was no beneficial effect of thiopental sodium compared with propofol as an induction agent under propofol anesthesia. Propofol is a useful drug for cesarean sections.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Arteries ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Fetus ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Premedication ; Propofol* ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental* ; Umbilical Arteries ; Umbilical Veins

No abstract available.
Nephrotic Syndrome*

Increasing the pH of local anesthetic solution with sodium bicarbonate has been known to hasten its onset of action. This study was designed to verify the effect of pH adjustment of bupivacaine on caudal anesthesia. Forty adult male patients having caudal block for perianal surgery were randomly assigned to four groups(n=l0) as follows. Group 1: control, 0.5% bupivacaine 20ml+0.6ml saline Group 2: 0.5% bupivacaine 20 ml+0.1% epinephrine 0.1 ml+0.5ml saline Group 3: 0.5 bupivacaine 20ml+5% sodium bicarbonate 0.5ml+0.1 ml saline Group 4: 0.5% bupivacaine 20 ml+5% sodium bicarbonate 0.5ml+0.1% epinephrine 0.1 ml The pH of prepared solution of each group is 6.23+/-0.032, 5.95+/-0.028, 7.35+/-0.054, 6.92+/-0.067 respectively. The time of onset of anesthesia (time between the completion of anesthetic injection and loss of temperature sensation at S4, S5 dermatome) was significantly rapid in group 3 followed by group 4. The time of onset of surgical anesthesia (time between the completion of anesthetic injection and loss of pain sensation by pin-prick test at S4, S5 dermatome) was significantly rapid in group 3.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Caudal* ; Bupivacaine* ; Epinephrine ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Male ; Sensation ; Sodium Bicarbonate

No abstract available.
Tetanus*

PURPOSE: Peripheral neuropathy is common among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who undergo oxaliplatin-based (OXL) chemotherapy. A pharmacogenetic approach can be used to identify patients at high-risk of developing severe neuropathy. This type of approach can also help clinicians determine the best treatment option and prevent severe neurotoxicity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the evidence of pharmacogenetic markers for OXL-induced peripheral neuropathy (OXIPN) in patients with CRC. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using the following databases up to December 2017: Pubmed, EMBASE, and CINAHL. We reviewed the genetic risk factors for OXIPN in observational studies and randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). All processes were performed independently by two reviewers. RESULTS: Sixteen studies published in English between 2006 and 2017 were included in this review. A genome-wide association approach was used in one study and various candidate genes were tested, based on their functions (e.g., DNA damage or repair, ion channels, anti-oxidants, and nerve growth etc.). The genes associated with incidence or severity of OXIPN were ABCG2, GSTP1, XRCC1, TAC1, and ERCC1. CONCLUSION: This study highlighted the need and the importance of conducting pharmacogenetic studies to generate evidence of personalized OXIPN symptoms management. Additional studies are warranted to accelerate the tailored interventions used for OXIPN in patients with CRC (NRF-2014R1A1A3054386).
Colorectal Neoplasms ; DNA Damage ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ion Channels ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Pharmacogenetics ; Risk Factors