PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of scatter correction on the assessment of myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function by gated Tc-99m myocardial SPECT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were 11 normal volunteers, 20 patients with non-cardiac chest pain and 13 patients with coronary artery diseases. We classified above 3 groups into normal and diseased groups. Scatter correction was done using dual-energy-window scatter correction method (DEW-SC). We compared acquired counts, image contrast, corrected maximum relative counts, indices of left ventricular function, extent and severity of perfusion defects calculated by 'CEqual program' between scatter non-corrected and corrected images. RESULTS: Scatter corrected studies was lower in counts by 18+/-3% than uncorrected studies, but image contrast were improved in all cases. Scatter correction using DEW-SC took 3 minutes to complete, and 512 kB memory to store. There were no significant differences among indices of left ventricular function between scatter non-corrected and corrected images. Although extents of perfusion defects were not significantly different, severity was severer in scatter corrected images. CONCLUSION: Scatter correction using DEW-SC is simple to do, and improves image contrast without changing other indices of myocardial perfusion and function.
Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Memory ; Perfusion* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon* ; Ventricular Function, Left*

This study is a descriptive survey conducted for the purpose of providing basic data to develop the effective nursing in interventions for Coronary Heart Disease patients. It was focused the relations between the type A behavior pattern and Health Locus of Control of them datd were collected through face-to-face interview with 55 CHD patients who were hospitalized at one of the general hospitals in Taegu city from May 11 to July 27, 1977. The instruments used for this studyy were the Jenkiness Activity Scale(Jenkins, 1979) and Health Locus of Control Scale(Wallstone & Wallston, 1978). Analysis of data was done by using of Person Correlation Coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression and Cronbach with the SAS program. The results were as follows; 1. Total type A behavior pattern score was 67.2(total 88), job involvement /hard-driving subscale 35.9(total 47), sped subscale 12.8(total 16) and impatient subscale 19.09(total 25). The highest score of the type A pattern was the speed subscale 3.75 when it was transferred as a full mark 4. 2. When the total score of Health Locus of Control Scale of CHD was made 5, internal health locus control was the highest with 3.9, powerful others health locus control 3.6 and chance health locus control 3.0. 3. Women were significantly higher than men on total type A behavior pattern(p=.0453), job involvement/hard-driving subscale(p=.0492) and impatient subscale(p=.0460) according to general characteristics. Angina pectoris patients showed significantly higher than myocardial Infarction patients in total type A behavior pattern score(p=.0266), involvement/hard-driving subscale(p=.0365) and impatient subscale(p=.0185). 4. It was not significantly different for the Health Locus of Control Scale according to general characteristics. 5. Correlations between subscales of type A behavior pattern and subscales of Health Locus of Control showed that there were significantly positive correlation between internal health locus control and job-involvement/ hard-driving subscale(p=.0500), and between powerful others health locus control and important subscale(p=.0204). 6. The variances that can explain the causes of type A behavior pattern were systolic blood pressure 9%, quantity of smoking per day 9.6%, dyastolic blood pressure 8.6%, internal health locus control 6.2%, which accounted for 34.3% of the total variances. The following suggestions are made on the basis above results ; 1) The instrument that measures type A behavior pattern of CHD patient need to be modified and developed as an instrument that is applicable with Korea environment and easy to understand for subjects. 2) Replication of the research is need with nation wide samples. 3) Follow-up study for correlation between subscale of the type A behavior pattern and subscale of Health Locus of Control is needed. 4) Intervention program for CHD patients to reduce type A behavior pattern is to be developed.
Angina Pectoris ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Disease* ; Daegu ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Internal-External Control* ; Korea ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; Nursing ; Smoke ; Smoking

We experienced two cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH), complicated by true precocious puberty with early maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in a boy and a girl. The boy was diagnosed as CAH at 8 years of age, when he showed pseudoprecocity with adrenal rest tumor. The girl was diagnosed at neonate, when she showed ambiguous genitalia and salt-losing symptom. They developed precocious puberty during steroid treatment. Clinically they showed precocity, advanced bone age, and decreased predicted adult height, even though they showed partial gonadotrophin response to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) stimulation test. They were treated with LHRH analogue(leuprolide depot) resulting no further progression of precocity.
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital* ; Adrenal Rest Tumor ; Adult ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Puberty, Precocious*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent and predictability of periodontal regeneration with barrier membranes in deep infrabony defects. 25 patients(40% smokers) were included in this study. Fourty-one deep infrabony defects treated with membranes(PPD>6mm) were evaluated 1 year postoperatively following a plaque control regimen. Probing pocket depth(PPD), gingival recession(REC), and probing attachment level(PAL) were evaluated at baseline and postoperative 1 year. Plaque score at baseline was 16.2 and plaque score at 1 year was 9.9 A PAL gain of 4.1+/-2.5mm along with a PPD reduction of 5.0+/-2.3mm were observed. A PAL gain of 4.1+/-2.5mm was observed at the smoking group and a PAL gain of 4.0+/-2.5mm was observed at the non-smoking sroup. It was concluded that periodontal regeneration with membrane represented the predictable and effective treatment modality in the deep infrabony defects.
Guided Tissue Regeneration* ; Membranes ; Periodontal Diseases ; Regeneration ; Retrospective Studies* ; Smoke ; Smoking

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation nursing care on cardiac rehabilitation knowledge, anxiety, and self-care behavior in patients with acture myocardial infarction. The study design was composed of a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design and a non-equivalent control group post-test design. The subjects of the study consisted of thirty-four acute myocardial infarction patients hospitalized at a university hospital in Taegu between February 16, 1998 and May 12, 1998. the 34 research subjects were assigned to experimental( 17 patients ) and control( 17 patients ) groups. The phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation nursing care was composed of cardiac rehabilitation education taken from a rehabilitation manual and booklet, and participating in a progressive exercise program. After discharge, a phone interview was conducted in order to encourage the self-care behavior. The modified Knowledge Scale developed by Rahe et al.(1975) and translated into Korean by Hwang(1986), and the modified Self-Care Scale of exercise and diet based on Hickey et al.(1992), were used for data collection. Analysis of data was done by use of Chi-square test, t-test, Repeated measure ANOVA, Simple Main Effect, and Time contrast. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The first hypothesis, "The experimental group which received the phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation nursing care will have a higher level of knowledge than the control group", was supported(F=24.07, p=.000). 3. The third hypothesis, "The experimental group which received the phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation nursing care will have higher self-care behavior scores than the control group", was supported( t=-15.49, p=.000 ). From the above results, it can be concluded that phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation nursing care is an effective nursing intervention knowledge, reducing anxiety, and improving self-care behavior in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Anxiety* ; Daegu ; Data Collection ; Diet ; Education ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Nursing ; Pamphlets ; Rehabilitation Nursing* ; Rehabilitation* ; Research Subjects ; Self Care*

We report a case of mucinous cystadenoma of uncertain malignant potential and carcinoid of appendix associated with bilateral mucinous cystadenoma of ovary and pseudomyxoma peritonei. The patient was a 46-year-old female. She suffered from dyspnea and lower abdominal palpable masses for several months. Ultrasonogram showed multilocular huge ovarian cysts. Appendectomy, transabdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy and biopsy of omentum were performed. The bilateral ovaries measured 16 11 cm and 7X5 cm in size, respectively. The both ovaries showed multilocular cysts filled with thick mucus material. The ovarian cysts were covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium with focal proliferation. Mucus materials dissected through the ovarian stroma (pseudomyxoma ovarii). The tip of appendix was dilated and covered by mucus material. The cut surface showed a cyst and a yellowish solid mass proximal to the cyst. Microscopically, the appendiceal cyst was lined by stratified columnar epithelium with moderate cytologic atypia. Mucus material dissected through the wall. In the proximal portion of the appendix, a classic carcinoid with focal tubular form was present in submucosa and muscle layer. The omentum was covered by thick mucus material. Microscopically, the omentum showed mucinous epithelium and mucus material (pseudomyxoma peritonei).
Appendectomy ; Appendix* ; Biopsy ; Carcinoid Tumor* ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Dyspnea ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Middle Aged ; Mucins* ; Mucus ; Omentum ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovary* ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei* ; Ultrasonography

We report a case of mucinous cystadenoma of uncertain malignant potential and carcinoid of appendix associated with bilateral mucinous cystadenoma of ovary and pseudomyxoma peritonei. The patient was a 46-year-old female. She suffered from dyspnea and lower abdominal palpable masses for several months. Ultrasonogram showed multilocular huge ovarian cysts. Appendectomy, transabdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy and biopsy of omentum were performed. The bilateral ovaries measured 16 11 cm and 7X5 cm in size, respectively. The both ovaries showed multilocular cysts filled with thick mucus material. The ovarian cysts were covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium with focal proliferation. Mucus materials dissected through the ovarian stroma (pseudomyxoma ovarii). The tip of appendix was dilated and covered by mucus material. The cut surface showed a cyst and a yellowish solid mass proximal to the cyst. Microscopically, the appendiceal cyst was lined by stratified columnar epithelium with moderate cytologic atypia. Mucus material dissected through the wall. In the proximal portion of the appendix, a classic carcinoid with focal tubular form was present in submucosa and muscle layer. The omentum was covered by thick mucus material. Microscopically, the omentum showed mucinous epithelium and mucus material (pseudomyxoma peritonei).
Appendectomy ; Appendix* ; Biopsy ; Carcinoid Tumor* ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Dyspnea ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Middle Aged ; Mucins* ; Mucus ; Omentum ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovary* ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei* ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Direct observation of healthcare workers is commonly used in hospitals to investigate hand hygiene compliance. However, the hand hygiene compliance rate may increase due to the Hawthorne effect, which is the modification of behavior simply because subjects become aware that they are being observed. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of the Hawthorne effect when directly observing hand hygiene compliance in intensive care unit (ICU) healthcare personnel. METHODS: A total of 87 staff members from the coronary care unit and cardiac surgery ICU of a general hospital in Seoul were included in this study: 24 residents and interns, 55 nurses, and 8 nursing assistants. Both covert and overt observations, where subjects were either unaware or aware of any direct observation, were performed on separate occasions. RESULTS: A total of 1,052 covert and 1,336 overt observations were documented over 30 and 34 occasions, respectively. Overall hand hygiene compliance was significantly higher with overt observation than with covert observation (1,041/1,336, 77.9% vs. 659/1,052, 62.6%, P<0.001). The Hawthorne effect was present in all professions and behaviors, with the exception of nursing assistants, and prior to touching a patient. CONCLUSION: Direct observation of hand hygiene compliance was associated with the Hawthorne effect when observations were made overtly and this was likely to contribute to an overestimation of compliance rate.
Compliance ; Coronary Care Units* ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic* ; Hand Hygiene* ; Health Personnel ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Nursing ; Seoul ; Thoracic Surgery*

No abstract available.
Bartter Syndrome*

BACKGROUND: This study tested the efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for improving oral hygiene in intubated intensive care patients. METHODS: In a group of 57 ventilated patients, 29 received normal saline (NS) for oral hygiene, and 28 were treated with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG). Data on oral bacterial colonization was collected for 11 months from October 2005 to August 2006. Tests of oral hygiene and oral microorganism culture were performed on the day of the ventilation, and repeated on days 4, 8, and 12. RESULTS: Oral hygiene was significantly improved in the CHG group compared to that in the NS group (P<.001). Further, all patients (100%) in the NS group tested positive for Staphylococcus aureus on the 12th day after the endotracheal intubation, whereas only 42.9% (P=0.026) of the CHG group were positive. The NS group also had higher isolation rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 66.7% on the 8th day after intubation and 87.5% on the 12th day. At these same intervals, the CHG group had isolation rates of 29.4% (P=.028) and 14.3% (P=.010) respectively. CONCLUSION: The longer the period of endotracheal intubation, the more effective the 0.12% CHG treatment was for improved oral hygiene and reduction of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa colonization when compared to treatment with NS.
Chlorhexidine ; Colon ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Oral Hygiene ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Sodium Chloride ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Ventilation