Spindle cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa was usually presented as polypoid mass and shows squamous cell carcinoma or dysplasia in the surface and underlying spindle cell proliferation. The spindle cell area discloses a variable pattern of sarcoma including rare osteosarcoma of 0~20% incidence. The histogenetic origin of the spindle cell component is now considered a metaplasia of squamous cell carcinoma. We experienced a case of spindle cell carcinoma of larynx showing massive underlying bone formation with proliferation of osteoclast-like cells in 75 year-old man. The immunohistochemical study demonstrates positive reaction with cytokeratin in area of squamous cells and with vimentin in area of spindle cells and osteoclasts. There are very focal reactivity for high molecular weight cytokeratin in spindle cell area.
Incidence

The prognostic significance of morphologic parameters was evaluated in 36 cases of renal cell carcinoma diagnosed during five years(1986~1990). We reviewed and classified on the basis of pathologic stage, tumor size, histologic pattern, cell type and nuclear grade. Mean age was 51 years old. Average tumor size was 7.3 cm in diameter. Six of 35 patients died of disease. Overall mean survival was 43.3+/-7.3 months. An increasing nuclear grade was generally correlated with a decrease in cummlative survival rate. Similarly, a higher stage at the time of diagnosis could predicated a low survival rate only for high nuclear grade carcinoma. There was an apparent positive correlation between grade and age, grade and size, grade and cell type, cell type and histologic pattern as well as stage and age. This positive correlations are in part a function of nuclear grade; only 20% of grade 3 & 4 tumor consisted of clear cells whereass 71% of grade 1 & 2 consisted of clear cell type. All 6 cases of granular cell types and 50% of mixed cell type were grade 3 & 4. The tumor size of the primary was well correlated with the nuclear grade. Nuclear grade was the most significant factor among the morphologic parameters studied.

Sebaceous carcinoma is uncommon and usually presents in the ocular adnexa as a cancer of the meibomian glands. They are frequently mistaken for chalazion. Considerable time often elapses before a diagnosis is made. We present a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the left eye lid in 59 year old female who had a history of 3 repeated surgical resections clinically diagnosed as chalazion during last 3 years.
Female ; Humans

This study aimed at assessing the usefulness of paraffin wax sections for demonstration of ER(estrogen receptor) and PR(progesterone receptor), using brief microwave processing rather than proteolytic predigestion. The receptor status of a breast cancer is often into consideration when planning treatment nowadays. As biochemical receptor assays require large amount of fresh tumor tissue and are not always available for all tumors, pathologists are now increasingly asked to provide a service for the assessment of the receptor status in tissue routine sections. Until recently, immunohistochemical demonstration of receptors was used in frozen sections. Therefore, routinely processed paraffin wax sections of 25 cases of breast carcinoma with known ER and PR concentrations, estimated by the standard DCC(dextran-coated charcoal) biochemical assay, were examined using the ABC immunoperoxidase technique. The results were assessed semiquantitably, using a five grade scoring system. Of the 25 cases examined, with DCC cutoff point being <10 fmol,71% and 75% in positivity of each ER, PR receptor is concordant. Statistic analysis demonstrates high relationship between scoring system of IH method and DCC value in ER (R=0.6061, p=0.001) and PR (R=0.5832, p=0.001). The IH method can provide easily assessed reliable positive information about ER, PR status of breast carcinoma using routinely processed paraffin wax sections.
Breast Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Misdiagnosed breast cancer on screening mammography was retrospectively reviewed in an attempt to analyze the cause for the undiscovery and to determine findings that might have been suggested on the mammographic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 173 breast cancers that were pathologically proven, 17 breast cancers misdiagnosed on mammogram was retrospectively analyzed for the causes of the misinterpretation and predominant secondary findings. RESULTS: Three of the 17 were negative on mammography except for dense breast. Two patients had localized asymmetricity without visible mass. Ten patients had benign-looking mass which was well-defined (n=5), partially defined(n=2), multiple (n=l), or included benign-looking calcifications(n=2). Remaining two cases were retrospectively diagnosed as misinterpreted breast cancers. Various secondary findings such as were useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Meticulous observation could improve the diagnostic yield of breast cancer in mammography.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mammography* ; Mass Screening ; Retrospective Studies*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Child* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To characterize MR findings of meniscal cysts of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed knee MR images of surgically confirmed eighteen meniscal cysts. The location and shape of meniscal cysts were evaluated. RESULTS: Six of 18 cases were medial meniscal cysts and 12 of 18 cases were lateral meniscal cysts. Horizontal tears were present in all cases(100%). Four of 18 cases had rounded cysts and 14 of 18 cases had elongated cysts. In 3 of 6 medial meniscal cysts, cysts had dissected into the soft tissues distant from the meniscus, and connecting stalks were visualized. Three of 6 medial meniscal cysts were located adjacent to a meniscal tear. All of the lateral meniscal cysts occurred immediately adjacent to the meniscal tear. CONCLUSION: Meniscal cysts are associated with horizontal meniscal tear. The shapes of meniscal cysts tend to be elongated rather than rounded. Medial meniscal cysts occurred distant from or adjacent to the meniscal tear according to location of the tear. Lateral meniscal cysts occurred adjacent to the meniscal tear.
Knee ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To characterize MR findings of meniscal cysts of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed knee MR images of surgically confirmed eighteen meniscal cysts. The location and shape of meniscal cysts were evaluated. RESULTS: Six of 18 cases were medial meniscal cysts and 12 of 18 cases were lateral meniscal cysts. Horizontal tears were present in all cases(100%). Four of 18 cases had rounded cysts and 14 of 18 cases had elongated cysts. In 3 of 6 medial meniscal cysts, cysts had dissected into the soft tissues distant from the meniscus, and connecting stalks were visualized. Three of 6 medial meniscal cysts were located adjacent to a meniscal tear. All of the lateral meniscal cysts occurred immediately adjacent to the meniscal tear. CONCLUSION: Meniscal cysts are associated with horizontal meniscal tear. The shapes of meniscal cysts tend to be elongated rather than rounded. Medial meniscal cysts occurred distant from or adjacent to the meniscal tear according to location of the tear. Lateral meniscal cysts occurred adjacent to the meniscal tear.
Knee ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Toes*

PURPOSE: This study describes the ecological variables effect on child abuse potential and the results from a prevention program for parents with disabled children aiming at decreasing child abuse potential. METHOD: Data was collected from 30 parents with disabled preschoolers attending an early education center in a community. The program consisted of handouts, small group lectures, support group meetings on understanding the disabled child-parents relationship, communication skill improvement, non-punitive discipline techniques, and influences of child abuse. A non equivalent pre-post test design was employed. RESULT: Ecological variables, and parenting self-efficacy, had a significant effect on child abuse potential in parents with a disabled child. By regression parenting self-efficacy showed(27.1%) child abuse potential. Both parenting self-efficacy and beliefs in corporal punishment directly related to (52.0%) child abuse potential in parents. The program was effective inbringing some positive changes on pareting self-efficacy beliefs in corporal punishment, and child abuse potential toward disabled children. However, marital discord was not significantly effected. CONCLUSION: Child abuse prevention programs should decrease thechild abuse potential in parents. Thus I recommend a child abuse prevention program development; for parents with disabled adolescents, and teachers in disabled child education.
Adult ; Child ; Child Abuse/*prevention & control ; Child, Preschool ; *Disabled Children ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; *Parenting ; Parents/*education