No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female

BACKGROUND: Childhood and adolescent obesity, not only increases the risk of obesity into adulthood but also is a significant culprit affecting health in general. The purpose of this study was to examine the trend in body mass index (BMI) and to investigate the prediction of adolescence overweight from childhood weight status by retrospectively tracking for seven years. METHODS: The subjects, 520 adolescents aged 14 and 15 years, were recruited from a junior high school that is located in Guri-city. The subjects' height and weight measurements were extracted from the school records of annual physical examination. We assessed their BMI over a period of seven years starting at age seven. Other baseline data were obtained by questionnaires which were completed by both the subjects and their parents in 2001. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight, according to the Korean Pediatric Society guideline, increased at age 7 through 14. The overweight adolescents of age 14 were more likely to have an obese mother. The results showed that 84% of males and 47% of females who were overweight in childhood continued to remain overweight in adolescence. Compared to the non-overweights, the relative risk of becoming an overweight adolescent among overweight boys was 5.7 (95% CI: 4.1~8.1) and among overweight girls was 6.3 (95% CI: 3.4~11.4). CONCLUSION: Approximately 70% of the overweight children continued to remain overweight as adolescents. Therefore, prevention and effective management of obesity during childhood and adolescence are essential.
Adolescent* ; Body Mass Index* ; Child* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Obesity ; Overweight* ; Parents ; Pediatric Obesity ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: In korea, tsutsugamushi disease is one of the common diseases which occurs in more than 40% among acute febrile diseases during Autumn. The diagnosis is confirmed with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi antibody, and is characterised by fever, chill, headache, myalgia, skin rash, escha and lymphadenopathy. METHODS: We have conducted a survey on 16 clinically and serologically confirmed cases of Tsutsugamushi disease occurring during the period of October -November, 2000. RESULTS: Of 16 cases,7 were males and 9 were females with an average age of 67.76. Most patients had fever, chill, headache, myalgia, sore throat, cojunctival injection, cough, abdominal, pain, nausea, vomiting, hematuria in order of frequency. The physical findings were eachar (81.257) and skin rash (62.77) . Serologically 7 cases (43.75%) of 16 cases were confirmed positively R.tsutsugamushi antibody. General hematologic findings were decreased platelet count (37.57) , increased or decreased WBC (31.25% and 25% each other) , and anemia (25%) , Test for liver function included elevated AST, ALT (68.76%) , alkaline phosphatase (62.6%) , hypoalbuminemia (12.6%) , and hyperbilirubinemia(6.25) . Urinalysis showed hematuria (50%) , proteinuria (50%) , and pyuria (12.67) . Doxyrcycline therapy decreased fever in 2.85 days and after 5-6 days patients were discharged with improvement of almost all symptoms. CONCLUSION: Primary care physician in a community should always consider tsutsugamushi disease when he encounters patients with acute febrile disease in late Autumn and early winter and expect good prognosis with early diagnosis and treatment.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Anemia ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Headache ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Jeollabuk-do* ; Korea ; Liver ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Myalgia ; Nausea ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Pharyngitis ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Platelet Count ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Pyuria ; Scrub Typhus* ; Urinalysis ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (hereinafter CRP) is a substance that is elevated in large quantities when there is an abnormal metabolic reaction or an inflammatory condition. Many researches have identified the substance as a prognostic and an independent risk factor responsible for cardiovascular disease. More recently, many studies have shown that obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation. This study was attempted to illustrate the relationship between obesity and CRP regarding Korean men who were applied by different standards of obesity. METHODS: The subjects included 15,353 men who had visited one health promotion center from May, 2001 to December, 2001, were randomly selected as the total addressable population. We excluded 389 men who were observed to have inflammatory conditions, according to the results of the general chemical and physical diagnosis. Among 15,353 Korean men 14,964 were examined. CRP was quantitatively analyzed by the method of Nephelometry as high sensitivity-CRP. CRP values in relation to age, BMI, clustering of metabolic risk factors were studied, and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify correlation between obesity and CRP value. RESULTS: We compared the median values of CRP of each group divided by age, BMI, and clustering of metabolic risk factors. As a matter of the fact, the more age, BMI, and clustering of metabolic risk factors increased, the more the value of CRP significantly increased (P<0.0001). We operationally defined incremented CRP value as CRP of 0.22 mg/dl or more, and conducted multiple logistic regression analysis with the parameters of age, BMI, and obesity related diseases. Consequently, when fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol were high or HDL was low, the risk of CRP increasing was significantly high. Also, when the age was more than 60 or BMI was greater than 25 kg/m2, which was categorized as obese, the risk regarding increase in CRP was significantly high. CONCLUSION: Obesity is independently related to increase in CRP in Korean men. Which suggests that low-grade systemic inflammation exists in obese people. Furthermore, our study showed that old age, high level of blood glucose, high level of cholesterol, and low level of HDL have correlation with increase in CRP.
Blood Glucose ; C-Reactive Protein* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis ; Fasting ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Obesity* ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a commonly encountered disturbance of gut function and has been shown to be associated with psychological disturbance such as depression and anxiety. Of particular importance to clinicians are the relationship between anger, alexithymia, and depression. In this study, we investigated anger, alexithymia, and depression in patients with functional dyspepsia. METHODS: Thirty patients who visited Wonkwang University Hospital from January 2001 to June 2001, were diagnosed with functional dyspepsia by a gastroenterologist and compared with 37 healthy control group. Medical investigation of FD including gastrofiberscopy, esophageal manometry, and ambulatory 24-hours intraesophageal reflux test were negative. All subjects were evaluated for depression, anxiety, anger and anger expression, and alexithymia. The measures included Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Scale (STAXI), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). RESULTS: The FD patients reported significantly more symptoms of depression, more difficulty describing feeling to others in TAS, less anger-in and anger-out expression in STAXI than the control subjects. Depressive symptoms in FD were positively correlated with state anxiety, trait anxiety, alexithymia, state anger, trait anger, and anger-in expression. In multiple regression model, state anger and trait anxiety together accounted for 69.1% of the depression in FD. CONCLUSION: The FD patients reported more depressive symptoms, and the depressive symptoms were related to anxiety, anger and anger-in, and alexithymia. These finding lend support that FD is a syndrome in which biopsychosocial process and affect dysregulation may play a role in features of FD.
Affective Symptoms* ; Anger* ; Anxiety ; Depression* ; Dyspepsia* ; Humans ; Manometry

BACKGROUND: Arm withdrawal movements are often observed on the administration of rocuronium. This study used the BIS to predict the depth of sedation and the prevention of withdrawal movements. METHODS: With the approval of the institutional review board and the informed consent of the subjects, sixty patients, with ASA physical stati of 1 to 2, were randomized into four groups. After the induction of anesthesia using 0.5 mg/kg of thiopental sodium, each group received 0.6 mg/kg of rocuronium when their BIS values were 85 (Group I), 75 (Group II), 65 (Group III), or 55 (Group IV). The blood pressure, heart rate, BIS value at the time of loss of eyelash reflex, incidence of withdrawal movement and grade, and the correlation between the BIS value and loss of eyelash reflex were observed. RESULTS: No difference were observed in the incidence of withdrawal movement and grade between the four groups. The correlation coefficients of the BIS value and time of loss of eyelash reflex were both 0.33 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It may be impossible to rely solely on the BIS value to insure patients reach a deep anesthetic state after induction of anesthesia with thiopental. The withdrawal movement on injection of rocuronium can not be prevented with BIS monitoring.
Anesthesia ; Arm ; Blood Pressure ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Informed Consent ; Injections, Intravenous* ; Reflex ; Thiopental

Tuberculosis can involve any part of the body and there are case reports of tuberculosis coexisting with malignancy in most body organs. However, cases of intestinal tuberculosis associated with colon cancer have rarely reported. Inflammatory bowel diseases can progress to malignant diseases due to mucosal dysplastic change. Similarly, intestinal tuberculosis can cause chronic inflammation, but the exact relationship between intestinal tuberculosis and colon cancer is currently obscure. A 71-year-old woman visited our hospital because of abrupt right lower abdominal pain that progressed to rebound tenderness and abdominal rigidity. Abdominal computed tomography showed a polypoid mass in the cecum and a distended terminal ileum. Right hemicolectomy was performed and the surgical specimen revealed extremely well differentiated adenocarcinoma combined with intestinal tuberculosis and bowel perforation in the cecum. We report here on a rare case of colon cancer coexisting with colonic tuberculosis and this presented as bowel perforation. We also include a review of the relevant literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Cecum ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Ileum ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: Recently, the trend pursuing slimness is significantly increasing in adolescents. Because of distorted body image, excessive body weight control can cause problems of health. The goal of this study is to investigate the factors of distorted body image and its problems. METHODS: The survey was performed in a high school of Jindo island on May, 2000. All of 258 students in 1st and 2nd grade participated in this study by questionnaires. Thirteen truthless questionnaires were excluded in this study. Therefore 245 student were selected. RESULTS: Only 20% of 245 repliers were satisfied with their body figure. In male, 24.1% wanted weight loss, and 39.8% wanted weight gain. In female, 73% wanted weight loss. In a populations(BMI<20), 70 males wanted weight loss, whereas 35(52.2%) among 67 females want weight loss. According to these result, female stuedents wanted strongly weight loss than male. The factors which most influenced body figure were sports star in males(36.1%), and movie stars in female.(43.8%) A group of 58.4% of repliers has experienced body weight control. A group of 37% in male and 39.6% in female suffered from side effects. 77% of total hoped to be educated about adequate body weight control method. CONCLUSION: Almost of adolescents dissatisfied with their body figure, Many adolescent who is not obese attempt weight loss, and are sufferd from side effects. Therefore, it is required for effective education about body weight control and social attitude permitting adequate body image.
Adolescent ; Body Image* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Education ; Female ; Hope ; Humans ; Male ; Sports ; Weight Gain ; Weight Loss ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Rectum*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of radiation dose and reconstruction algorithms on radiologists' preferences, and whether an iterative reconstruction in image space (IRIS) can be used for dose reduction in chest CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Standard dose chest CT (SDCT) in 50 patients and low dose chest CT (LDCT) in another 50 patients were performed, using a dual-source CT, with 120 kVp and same reference mAs (50 mAs for SDCT and 25 mAs for LDCT) employed to both tubes by modifying the dual-energy scan mode. Full-dose data were obtained by combining the data from both tubes and half-dose data were separated from one tube. These were reconstructed by using a filtered back projection (FBP) and IRIS: full-dose FBP (F-FBP); full-dose IRIS (F-IRIS); half-dose FBP (H-FBP) and half-dose IRIS (H-IRIS). Ten H-IRIS/F-IRIS, 10 H-FBP/H-IRIS, 40 F-FBP/F-IRIS and 40 F-FBP/H-IRIS pairs of each SDCT and LDCT were randomized. The preference for clinical usage was determined by two radiologists with a 5-point-scale system for the followings: noise, contrast, and sharpness of mediastinum and lung. RESULTS: Radiologists preferred IRIS over FBP images in the same radiation dose for the evaluation of the lungs in both SDCT (p = 0.035) and LDCT (p < 0.001). When comparing between H-IRIS and F-IRIS, decreased radiation resulted in decreased preference. Observers preferred H-IRIS over F-FBP for the lungs in both SDCT and LDCT, even with reduced radiation dose by half in IRIS image (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Radiologists' preference may be influenced by both radiation dose and reconstruction algorithm. According to our preliminary results, dose reduction at 50% with IRIS may be feasible for lung parenchymal evaluation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Attitude of Health Personnel ; Contrast Media ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Radiation Dosage ; Radiographic Image Enhancement/*methods ; *Radiography, Thoracic ; *Radiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods ; Young Adult