No abstract available.
Osteochondroma*

Paranasal sinus CT is known as the most effective imaging modality in the evaluation of inflammatory sinonasal diseases and can depict the distribution, causative lesions obstructing main drainge route, and associated findings. Recently, functional endoscopic sinus surgery has been widely used for the evaluation and treatment. Before operation, PNS CT has been routinely used to evaluate the paranasal sinuses and mucociliary drainage route. The authors analyzed the PNS CT findings of 3156 cases in 1578 patients with chronic sinusitis symptoms. Sinonasal inflammatory diseases were categorized into 5 patterns according to the obstruction sites. They were 1) infundibular (10%, 316/3156), 2) ostimeatal unit (41%, 1294/3156), 3) sphenoethmoidal recess (12%, 379/3156), 4) sinonasal polyposis (30%, 946/3156) , and 5) unclassifiable (6%, 190/3156) patterns. The main causes for infundibular obstruction in order of frequency were inflammatory mucosa, enlarged ethmoidal bulla and Haller's cell. With respect to the middle meatus obstruction, is main causes in the order of frequency were polypoid lesion, inflammatory mucosa and medially deviated uncinate process. In particular, sinonasal polyposis showed one or more of the characteristic associated findings of infundibular enlargement, air-fluid level, ethmoidal sinus was bulging and bony deossification or sclerosis as well as sinonasal polypoid change. In conclusion, the inflammatory sinonasal diseases were classified into five patterns, and the causative lesions or anatomic variations were efficiently detected by the PNS CT. Furthermore, it could provide a guidance for proper management of the sinusitis including functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
Drainage ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Sclerosis ; Sinusitis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of simulation based training using a post-operating rehabilitation case on learning outcomes in nursing students. METHODS: A quasi-experimental research design (one group pretest and posttest design) and a questionnaire for measuring learning outcomes were used in this study. The participants were 35 students in a college of nursing. Data were collected before the program and immediately after the program that applied simulation based training using a post-operating rehabilitation case consisted of 4th running and debriefing for 26 hours. With SAS 9.2 program, descriptive statistics and paired t-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were statistically significant increases in necessity (p=.001) and performance of learning outcome (p<.001) of simulation based training using a post-operating rehabilitation case among students in a college of nursing. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrate that simulation based training using a post-operating rehabilitation case for nursing students may increase performance of learning outcomes on clinical reasoning and critical thinking.
Humans ; Learning* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation* ; Research Design ; Running ; Students, Nursing ; Thinking

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the degree of role conflict and its ambiguity, and fatigue in clinical nurses and to analyze the effect of these on their self-resilience in order to provide fundamental data for improving their working environment after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. METHODS: After the collection of data from 258 clinical nurses in five general hospitals, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. RESULTS: A significant positive correlation was found between nurses' role conflict and ambiguity and fatigue; while a negative correlation was found between nurses' role conflict and ambiguity and self-resilience. A significant negative correlation was found between fatigue and self-resilience. According to the study results, the factor that affected clinical nurses' self-resilience the most was role conflict and its ambiguity, followed by marital status, fatigue, educational level, religion, and related tasks, which together accounted for 38% of self-resilience in clinical nurses. CONCLUSION: To improve weaknesses in nursing care after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak, the scope of nursing care was changed upon the expansion of integrated nursing and care-giving services. Therefore, in the rapidly changing environment of nursing, policies to improve nursing performance, as well as successful reaction capability, are suggested.
Coronavirus Infections ; Fatigue ; Hospitals, General ; Marital Status ; Nursing ; Nursing Care

PURPOSE: To identify factors affecting parenting stress of unmarried mothers. METHODS: The subjects were 108 unmarried women who were parenting their children under the age of six. The data was collected from December 15, 2016 to March 5, 2017. The instruments consisted of self-reported questionnaires that included93 items: 21 on depression, 16 on social support, 20 on health perception, and 36 on parenting stress. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression. RESULTS: The factors influencing parenting stress were health perception (β=−.55, p < .001), evaluative support (β=−.42, p=.005), informative support (β=−.35, p=.040), emotional support (β=−.24, p=.045), partner support (β=−.20, p=.048), and depression (β=.14, p=.033), and the explanatory power was 57%. CONCLUSION: In order to alleviate the parenting stress of unmarried mothers, it is necessary to develop programs considering the physical, psychological, and social factors of unmarried mothers. Their subjective assessment of their health can increase or decrease their parenting stress, so it is necessary to develop parenting-stress intervention focusing on health perception.
Child ; Depression* ; Female ; Humans ; Illegitimacy ; Parenting* ; Parents* ; Single Parent ; Single Person* ; Stress, Psychological

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the duration of workplace noise exposure and glucose metabolism status in a nationally representative Korean sample. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,534 participants aged ≥40 years without tinnitus or hearing loss from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2018). The primary exposure was noise in the workplace and its duration. We divided the noise exposure group into four groups according to the duration of noise exposure (<3 years, 3–10 years, 10–20 years, and ≥20 years). The primary outcomes were fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and pre-diabetes and diabetes diagnosed using FBS. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to test the association between noise exposure and glycemic status. Results: After adjustment, HbA1c levels were significantly higher in the noise exposure than in the non-noise exposure group. HbA1c levels were significantly higher in those exposed to occupational noise for more than 20 years than in others. In the subgroup analysis among those who had been exposed to noise for >20 years, the non-aerobic physical activity group had significantly higher HbA1c levels than the physical activity group. Furthermore, among those who had been exposed to noise for >20 years, the without hearing protection group had significantly higher HbA1c levels than those using hearing protection. Conclusion The association between noise exposure and the prevalence of diabetes is unclear. However, our study clearly suggests that there is a relationship between elevated HbA1c levels and workplace noise exposure and that a long period of workplace noise exposure, no physical activity, and not wearing a hearing protection device could increase the risk of diabetes.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the current state of interventions for abused children and theireffectiveness by using a systemic review. Methods: Published intervention studies were identified through MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, DBpia, RISS,and Kiss DB. Eligible studies included articles published between 2009 and 2019 in English and Korean. Results: A total of 28 studies were selected for this review. The intervention elements of 28 selected studieswere categorized into 4 themes. The extracted intervention elements were divided into the themes of patient& situation-specific intervention, strengthen parent-child coping capacity and interaction, applyinggroup intervention and integrated intervention, Linkage with community resource and multidisciplinaryapproach. Conclusions The results demonstrate that social and psychological health of abused children has positivelychanged through these interventions. Therefore, it is important to implement treatment through active interventionaimed at helping the affected children.

Impact and process evaluations were performed in order to verify the effectiveness of a public health nutrition program developed for child-bearing aged women in Korea. Participants included 58 high school girls who were divided into two groups. Each group received four 50 - 60 minute nutrition education lectures regarding healthy eating, osteoporosis, constipation and nutrition labeling in every two weeks. Each session took 50 - 60 minutes. Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a significant increase of degree of perception (p = 0.0004), but no change in degree of accuracy after implementation (p = 0.9522). Nutrition education was also effective in attitude change, showing more participants were ready to change their eating behaviors in terms of meal regularity (p = 0.0455) and less processed food intake (p = 0.0143). After implementing nutrition education, effective behavioral changes were observed in milk consumption (p = 0.0037) and meal regularity (p = 0.0882) as well as daily activity such as stair use (p = 0.0701). However, nutrition education had no effect on body mass index and perceived health status. In process evaluation conducted by a 9 item questionnaire, grand mean score was 4.17 +/- 0.72 out of 5. Proportion of items with scores higher than 4 ranged 68-91%. These results suggest that the nutrition education program used in this study was effective and useful. For a wider use of this program, more research was recommend for a strategy development of program diffuse.
Body Mass Index ; Constipation ; Eating ; Education* ; Feeding Behavior ; Female* ; Food Labeling ; Humans ; Korea ; Lectures ; Meals ; Milk ; Osteoporosis ; Public Health* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Background: Students in the department of dental hygiene are exposed to injections and sharp instruments during clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to develop measures for a safe practice environment. This study aimed to investigate dental stabbing accidents caused by dental instruments during clinical practice among students in the department of dental hygiene and suggest appropriate preventative measures. Methods: This study was conducted from May 1 to June 30, 2016, with students in the department of dental hygiene located at several universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. The study included 339 participants. A frequency analysis was performed to determine the general characteristics of dental infection control. A cross-analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between dental infection control education, stabbing accident prevention education, and treatment after stabbing accidents with a dental instrument. Results: Among the participants, 81.1% received dental infection control education and 66.4% received stabbing accident prevention education. Only 50.9% received hepatitis B vaccinations. Conclusion Dental infection control education and stabbing accident prevention education were shown to be effective in preventing dental instrument stabbing in students. However, post-accident processing, such as reporting to upper management and medical treatment after the accident, was insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to present a treatment flowchart for dealing with stab accidents in clinical practice for students in the department of dental hygiene and strengthen education.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the degree of role conflict and its ambiguity, and fatigue in clinical nurses and to analyze the effect of these on their self-resilience in order to provide fundamental data for improving their working environment after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. METHODS: After the collection of data from 258 clinical nurses in five general hospitals, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. RESULTS: A significant positive correlation was found between nurses' role conflict and ambiguity and fatigue; while a negative correlation was found between nurses' role conflict and ambiguity and self-resilience. A significant negative correlation was found between fatigue and self-resilience. According to the study results, the factor that affected clinical nurses' self-resilience the most was role conflict and its ambiguity, followed by marital status, fatigue, educational level, religion, and related tasks, which together accounted for 38% of self-resilience in clinical nurses. CONCLUSION To improve weaknesses in nursing care after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak, the scope of nursing care was changed upon the expansion of integrated nursing and care-giving services. Therefore, in the rapidly changing environment of nursing, policies to improve nursing performance, as well as successful reaction capability, are suggested.