No abstract available.
Lung* ; Oxygen* ; Rabbits* ; Ventilation*

Background: Bupivacaine was introduced to be a long-acting spinal anesthetic agent. It has been argued about whether the addition of epinephrine prolongs the bupivacaine action or not. The aim of this present investigation was to find out the effect of additional epinephrine on spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine. Methods: 47 patients undergoing an operation on lower extremity were randomly allocated to 2 groups. All patients were anesthetized by subarachnoid block with 0.5% bupivacaine in 8% glucose, which was mixed with 0.2 ml of normal saline in group non-E (n=24) and 0.2 ml of 1:1,000 epinephrine in group E (n=23). We evaluated blood pressure and heart rate, the sensory and motor blockade and voiding time after spinal anesthesia. Results: The systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 8 and 10 min after anesthesia were lower in group non-E than in group E (p<0.05). The trend of decreasing diastolic blood pressure was similar in both groups. The heart rate(HR) at 2 min after anesthesia was lower in group non-E than in group E (p<0.05). The sensory block in T10 was produced faster in group non-E (7 min) than in group E (11 min)(p<0.05). And the maximal sensory block level and its reaching time was T7 and 14 min in group non-E, and T8 and 17 min in group E (p=0.12, p=0.11). Two segment regression time was 124 min in group non-E, and 184 min in group E (p=011). The onset time of motor block to Bromage scale 3 was 12 min in group non-E and 16 min in group E (p=0.06). The recovery time from complete motor block to Bromage scale 1 after maximal motor block was 263 min in group non-E, and 278 min in group E. The time at which patients voided after anesthesia was 469 min in group non-E, and 466 min in group E. Three patients urinated by using a urinary catheter in each group. Conclusions: The addition of epinephrine to bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia can slow the decrease in SBP and increase the HR at early stage of anesthesia, and slow the sensory block.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine* ; Epinephrine* ; Glucose ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Urinary Catheters

Serum IgE values were determined in 100 patients vith atogic dermatitis in the Department of Dermatology at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, from Oct. 1, 1978 to Mar. 31, 1980. Mean IgE value of patients is 293. 4 unit/ml which is significantly higher than reference value, and the following results were obtained. 1. The mean IgE value in adults with atopic dermatitis, 339.8 unit/ml, 30 cases: more tian 16 years old) was significantly higher than in children(251. 4 unit /ml, 70 cases). 2. Male patierts showed higher IgE va,lue (mean 324. 5 unit/ml, 62 cases,' than female patients (242.7 unit/ml, 38 cases). 3. No close correlation was demonstrated between IgE values and eosiniphils in blood. 4. Patients with parasitic infesta,tion (5 cases) showed relatively increased IgE values (mean; 116. 2 unit/ml;. 5. Patients wifh bronchial asthma (2 cases) showed high IgE values exceeding 1000 unit/ml, 6. IgE. values roughly correlated with severity of the dermatitis. Four cases with high IgE values exceeding 1000 unit/ml were included in the clinically severe group.
Adult ; Asthma ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Male ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Child* ; Humans

Bladder tumors initially may be diagnosed by excretory urography. In this study, 60 excretory urogramsincluding 40 cases of biopsy proved blaadder tumor and 20 cases of cystoscopically normal bladder were analyzed.Five experienced readers reviewed five radiographs of each case. The results were as follows: 1. Male to remaleratio was 5.7:1, and the highest incidence of age distribution was between 60 and 69 year with 48%. 2. The tumorswere chiefly located in lateral wall of bladder. (67%) 3. Among 40 cases, pathologic diagnosis was as follows:Transitional cell ca. 39 cases, and squamous cell ca. lcase. 4. The I.V.P. finding showed 82% of normal upperurinary tract, 13% of hydronephrosis, 5% of non-visualization, and 58% of filling defect in bladder. 5. Originalinterpretation of urogram was as follows: Of 40 cases with bladder ca., 45% as positive, 13% as suspicious, and38% as negative. Of 20 cases with normal, 95% as negative, and 5% as positive. 6. Analysis by this study was asfollows: Accuracy 68%, sensitivity 62%, specificity 80%, false positive rate 38%, and false negative rate 20%. 7.25 min A-P radiograph was most valuable projection and oblique projection did not significantly increasesensitivity.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder ; Urography

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether polymorphisms of gene encoding CYP1B1 is associated with the risk of endometriosis in Korean women. METHODS: We investigated 199 patients with histopathologically confirmed endometriosis rAFS stage III/IV and 183 control group women who were surgically proven to have no endometriosis. The genetic distribution of four different CYP1B1 polymorphisms at G119-T, G432-C, T449-C, and A453-G were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR products. RESULTS: We found no overall association between each individual CYP1B1 genotype and the risk of endometriosis. The odds ratio of genotype GG/GC+GG/TC+TT/AA compared to GG/CC/CC/AA (reference) was calculated as 2.06 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.003~4.216. CONCLUSIONS: This results suggest that CYP1B1 genetic polymorphism may be associated with development of endometriosis in Korean women.
Endometriosis* ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

A 33-year-old-woman with twin pregnancy underwent genetic amniocentesis in our hospital at 16 weeks of gestation. Fetal chromosomal analysis showed 46,XY,inv(9) and 47,XX,+21. The affected twin was terminated by ultrasonographically guided intracardiac injection of 3 ml potassium chloride solution at 19 weeks of gestation. A healthy 2570 g male infant was born by cesarean section with Apgar scores of 8 and 9 at one and five minutes, respectively.
Amniocentesis ; Cesarean Section ; Down Syndrome* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Potassium Chloride ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Twins, Dizygotic*

We experienced a case of acquired bronchial stenosis in a male premature infant who had recurrent postextubation atelectasis of the right lung. Bronchography showed the stenosis of the distal portion of right main bronchus and the proximal portion of intermediate bronchus and autopsy findings showed ill-defined irregularly elevated nodule with fibrotic scarring in the trifurcation of right main bronchus. Endotracheal suction was suspected as the main cause. A brief review of literature was made.
Autopsy ; Bronchi ; Bronchography ; Cicatrix ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lung ; Male ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Suction*

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between fatigue, sleep disturbance, and gestational stress in women during late stage of pregnancy. METHODS: This study was conducted with 113 healthy pregnant women at gestational age greater than 27 weeks who were registered at community health centers and received prenatal care. A structured questionnaire regarding fatigue, sleep disturbance, and gestational stress was used. The data was analyzed using a t-test, an ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The subjects with unplanned pregnancies and irregular exercise patterns showed a higher level of fatigue than those with planned pregnancies and regular exercise patterns. Pregnant women with caffeine intake manifested higher levels of gestational stress and sleep disturbance than those without. The levels of sleep disturbance and gestational stress increased as the fatigue levels increased. The fatigue levels increased with increased levels of sleep disturbance. CONCLUSION: Planned pregnancy, regular exercise patterns, and caffeine intake were related with fatigue, sleep disturbance, and gestational stress in women during late stages of pregnancy. Fatigue, sleep disturbance, and gestational stress had close associations to each other. In the future, such results should guide development of nursing intervention programs for women in late stages of pregnancy.
Caffeine ; Community Health Centers ; Family Planning Services ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Nursing ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Unplanned ; Pregnant Women* ; Prenatal Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sleep Wake Disorders

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Meningitis* ; Plasma*