No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Lung* ; Oxygen* ; Rabbits* ; Ventilation*

PURPOSE: We performed this study to assess the value of CT in the differential diagnosis of palpable neck masses in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT scans of the palpable neck masses in 30 children. The masses were proved histopathologically and classified into cystic, solid, and inflammatory mass and their CT findings were analyzed. RESULTS: Twelve cases were cystic masses, 4 were solid masses, and 14 were inflammatory lesions. Cystic masses included cystic lymphangiomas (n=6), branchial cleft cysts (n=3), thyroglossal duct cysts (n=2), and ranula (n=l). Cystic lymphangiomas showed insinuating appearances into adjacent structures and 4 cases occurred in the posterior cervical space. All branchial cleft cysts were round cystic masses with smooth wall and displaced the submandibular gland anteriorly and the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly. Two thyroglossal duct cysts occurred centrally adjacent to the hyoid bone and 1 ranula in the submental area. Solid masses were juvenile hemangioma, pleomorphic adenoma in submandibular gland, neurilemmoma, and fibromatosis colli. Juvenile hemangioma showed well-enhancing mass with indistinct margin and the other solid masses had well-defined margin with their characteristic location. Inflammatory lesions were abscess (n=4), deep neck infections with lymphadenopathy (n=4), submandibular gland inflammation (n=3), and tuberculous lymphadenitis (n=3) and they showed strand-like enhancement in adjacent subcutaneous tissues. Tuberculous lymphadenitis had multiple lymph node enlargement with internal low attenuation areas and showed less surrounding strand-like enhancement than suppurative lymphadenopathies. CONCLUSION: Most neck masses in infants and children were of congenital or inflammatory origin. CT is useful for the evaluation of the child presenting with a neck mass, because it can differentiate various forms of neck masses and is able to reveal the relationship of the masses to the adjacent structures with their characteristic location.
Abscess ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Branchioma ; Child* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibroma ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Neck* ; Neurilemmoma ; Ranula ; Retrospective Studies ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Submandibular Gland ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node

No abstract available.
Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Muscle, Smooth* ; Smooth Muscle Tumor*

Expression of the cDNA of the VP1 gene on the genome RNA B segment of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) DRT strain in E. coli and a recombinant baculovirus were carried out. The VP1 gene in the peal-pol clone (Lee et al 1995) was cleaved with XbaI and transferred into baculovirus transfer vector, pBacPAK9 and it was named pBacVP1 clone. The VP1 gene in the pBacVP1 clone was double-digested with SacI and PstI and then inserted just behind 75 phage promoter and the 6x His region of the pQE-30 expression vector, and it was called pQEVP1. Again, the 6xHis-tagged VP1 DNA fragment in the pOEVPl was cleaved with EcoRl and transferred into the VP1 site of the pBacVPl, resulting pBacHis-VPl recombinant. The pBacHis-VP1 DNA was cotransfected with LacZ-Hyphantria cunea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Lacz-HcNPV) DNA digested with Bsu361 onto S. frugiperda cells to make a recombinant virus. One VP1-gene inserted recombinant virus was selected by plaque assay, The recombinant virus was named VP1-HcNPV-1. The 6xHis-tagged VP1 protein produced by the pQEVPl was purified with Ni-NTA resin chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The molecular weight of the VP1 protein was 94 kDa. The recombinant virus, VP1-HcNPV-1 did not form polyhedral inclusion bodies and expressed VP1 protein with 95 kDa in the infected S. frugiperda cells, which was detected by Western blot. The titer of the VP1-HcNPV-1 in the first infected cells was 2.0x10(5) pfu/ml at 7 days postinfection.
Bacteriophages ; Baculoviridae ; Blotting, Western ; Chromatography ; Clone Cells ; DNA ; DNA, Complementary ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Genome ; Inclusion Bodies ; Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus* ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleopolyhedrovirus* ; Recombination, Genetic* ; RNA

No abstract available.
Coronary Aneurysm* ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

PURPOSE: To determine the value of thin-section CT in the diagnosis of nasal bone fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the thin-section CT scans of 40 patients with nasal bone fracture. CT scans were obtained with both axial and coronal planes, 1.5mm collimation with 2mm interval, and 9.6cm field-of-view. The axial scan plane was kept parallel to the orbitomeatal line from the nasion to the lower limit of the nose and the coronal plane was kept perpendicular to the axial plane. The data were reconstructed with bone algorithm. Nasal bone fracture was classified into 1 of 3 types on thin section CT:(I) simple fracture;(ll) simple fracture with displacement;(III) comminuted fracture. Associated facial bone injuries were also evaluated Simple radiographs of nasal bone were reviewed for comparison. RESULTS: Six patients had simple fracture, 10 patients had simple fracture with displacement, and 24 patients had comminuted fracture. Twenty-six patients had associated facial bone injuries which included fracture of nasal septum (n=15), fracture of frontal process of maxilla (n=9), fracture of ethmoid (n=6), widening of nasofrontal suture (n=5), and fracture of nasolacrimal duct (n=2). In 15 of 40 patients, CT could identify nasal bone fractures not detected on simple radiographs. CONCLUSION: Thin-section CT is a valuable aid in the evaluation of nasal bone fracture for accurate identification, nature, and combined facial injury.
Diagnosis ; Facial Bones ; Facial Injuries ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Nasal Bone* ; Nasal Septum ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Nose ; Sutures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Heterotaxy Syndrome*

PURPOSE: To describe the early experience of analyzing variations and time trends in bladder volume of the rectal cancer patients who received bladder ultrasound scan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 20 consecutive rectal cancer patients who received whole pelvic radiotherapy (RT) and bladder ultrasound scan between February and April 2012. Before simulation and during the entire course of treatment, patients were scanned with portable automated ultrasonic bladder scanner, 5 times consecutively, and the median value was reported. Then a radiation oncologist contoured the bladder inner wall shown on simulation computed tomography (CT) and calculated its volume. RESULTS: Before simulation, the median bladder volume measured using simulation CT and bladder ultrasound scan was 427 mL (range, 74 to 1,172 mL) and 417 mL (range, 147 to 1,245 mL), respectively. There was strong linear correlation (R = 0.93, p < 0.001) between the two results. During the course of treatment, there were wide variations in the bladder volume and every time, measurements were below the baseline with statistical significance (12/16). At 6 weeks after RT, the median volume was reduced by 59.3% to 175 mL. Compared to the baseline, bladder volume was reduced by 38% or 161 mL on average every week for 6 weeks. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this study is the first to prove that there are bladder volume variations and a reduction in bladder volume in rectal cancer patients. Moreover, our results will serve as the basis for implementation of bladder training to patients receiving RT with full bladder.
Humans ; Observer Variation ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Ultrasonics ; Urinary Bladder

Neural tube defects are reported one of the important congenital malformation in the world, with an incidence of 1.4 to 2 per 1000 pregnancies. Maternal serum AFP at the second trimester is used as screening test. But this is associated with numerous causes, including twins, fetal death, misdated pregnancies, cystic hygromas, teratomas, renal abnormalities, esophageal atresia and aberrations in the placenta. If the AFP level was elevated, targeted ultrasonography should be evaluated for confirming the gestational age and fetal viability, fetal number. Then if the ultrasonographic examination is nondiagnostic, or if an NTD is suspected, amniotic fluid AFP should be measured with acetylcholinesterase. But the false positive rate of the AF-AFP is high, and there is 0.3% of the false positive rate in amniotic acetylcholinesterase. This time the women with normal ultrasonographic examination continue the pregnancy after counseling of family history, past history with follow up of ultrasonography. We report a case with elevated second trimester MS-AFP, AF-AFP and positive amniotic acetylcholinesterase, but in which repeated sonographic findings were normal and result in delivery of a healthy baby without anomalies.
Acetylcholinesterase* ; Amniotic Fluid ; Counseling ; Esophageal Atresia ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Fetal Viability ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Mass Screening ; Neural Tube Defects ; Placenta ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma ; Ultrasonography