The feasibility of anterior lumbar intervertebral fusion with artificial bone in place of autogenous bone was investigated. Porous hydroxyapatite (HA)/ZrO2 ceramics loading bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) were implanted after removal of lumbar vertebral disc in rabbits. The adjacent intervertebral discs were also removed by the same way and autogenous illic bone was implanted. SEM observation and biomechanical test were carried out. Compound bone had a bit lower osteoinductive activity than autogenous bone by SEM (Osteoinductive activity of artificial bone in 12 weeks was the same as that of autogenous bone in 9 weeks). Biomechanical test revealed that compound bone had lower anti-pull strength than autogenous bone (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in anti-pull strength between compound bone at 12th week and autogenous bone at 9th week (P > 0.05). It was concluded that compound bone could be applied for anterior spinal fusion, especially for those patients who can't use autogenous bone.
Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*therapeutic use ; Calcium Phosphates ; Durapatite ; Hydroxyapatites ; Implants, Experimental ; Intervertebral Disk/surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae/*surgery ; Spinal Fusion/*methods ; Spinal Injuries/*surgery

OBJECTIVETo repair segmental mandibular defects with autogenous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and coralline hydroxyapatite.

METHODSIsolated BMSCs were in vitro expanded and osteogenically induced. In 11 canines, a 3 cm segmental mandibular defect in right mandible was created. Five canine's defects were repaired with cell-scaffold constructs made from induced BMSCs and coralline hydroxyapatite (CHA); Others were repaired with CHA as control. The engineered bone was evaluated by X-ray, CT, gross and histological examination, biomechanical test 12, 26, 32 weeks post-operation respectively.

RESULTSBMSCs grew well on the CHA. X-ray and CT images showed better callus formation at connection sites in experimental group over time while worse formation at connection sites eventually in control group. At 32 weeks post-operation in experimental group, the defects were well repaired grossly. Histologically, there were bony healing and lamellar bone formation, in experimental group fibrous healing and woven bone formation in control group. Biomechanical test revealed no significant difference between experimental group and normal control group.

CONCLUSIONSCanine segmental mandibular defects can be ultimately repaired with the tissue-engineered bone generated by autogenous osteogenic BMSCs and CHA scaffold.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bone Substitutes ; Ceramics ; therapeutic use ; Dogs ; Hydroxyapatites ; therapeutic use ; Mandible ; physiology ; Mandibular Injuries ; pathology ; surgery ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

BACKGROUND: To augment cement-bone fixation, Dr. Hironobu Oonishi attempted additional physicochemical bonding through interposition of osteoconductive crystal hydroxyapatite (HA) granules at the cement-bone interface in 1982. He first used the interface bioactive bone cement (IBBC) technique in 12 selected patients (12 hips) in 1982 (first stage) and followed them for 2 years. In 1985, the technique was applied in 25 total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients (second stage) and the effects were investigated by comparing the side with the IBBC technique and the other side without the IBBC technique. He has employed this technique in all THA patients since 1987 (third stage). METHODS: In the IBBC technique, HA granules (2 to 3 g) were smeared on the bone surface just before the acetabular and femoral components were cemented. In the first stage, 12 hips were operated using the IBBC technique in 1982. In the second stage, THA was performed without the IBBC technique on one side and with the IBBC technique on the other side within 1 year in 25 patients. In the third stage, THA was performed with the IBBC technique in 285 hips in 1987. RESULTS: In the first stage patients, implant loosening was not detected at 30 years after operation. In the second stage patients, revision was required in 7 hips without the IBBC technique due to cup loosening (5 hips) and stem loosening (2 hips), whereas no hip was revised after THA with the IBBC technique at 26 years after operation. In the third stage patients, the incidence of radiolucent lines and osteolysis was very few at 25 years after operation. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term follow-up of THA performed around the inception of the IBBC technique has revealed low incidences of radiolucent lines, osteolysis, and revision surgery.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; *Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects/instrumentation/methods ; *Bone Cements/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Bone-Implant Interface/physiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip/diagnostic imaging/surgery ; Humans ; Hydroxyapatites/therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

The feasibility of anterior lumbar intervertebral fusion with artificial bone in place of autogenous bone was investigated. Porous hydroxyapatite (HA)/ZrO2 ceramics loading bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) were implanted after removal of lumbar vertebral disc in rabbits. The adjacent intervertebral discs were also removed by the same way and autogenous illic bone was implanted. SEM observation and biomechanical test were carried out. Compound bone had a bit lower osteoinductive activity than autogenous bone by SEM (Osteoinductive activity of artificial bone in 12 weeks was the same as that of autogenous bone in 9 weeks). Biomechanical test revealed that compound bone had lower anti-pull strength than autogenous bone (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in anti-pull strength between compound bone at 12th week and autogenous bone at 9th week (P > 0.05). It was concluded that compound bone could be applied for anterior spinal fusion, especially for those patients who can't use autogenous bone.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; therapeutic use ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Calcium Phosphates ; Durapatite ; Hydroxyapatites ; Implants, Experimental ; Intervertebral Disc ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Rabbits ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spinal Injuries ; surgery

This study was aimed to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and the safety of the fusion cage made of biomimetic nano-hydroxyapatite and polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) composites for the structural reconstruction and the restoration of height of vertebral body in the case of cervical spondylosis by anterior surgical procedures. 52 patients with cervical spondylosis, received the therapy by discectomy with or without vertebrae resection and decompression, and the fusion cage of n-HA/PA66 vertebra implant with bone chip, and titanium plate system was fixed. All cases were followed up for 6 to 25 months. All the patients' preoperative symptoms subsided without any serious complication, and no patient complained of lasting soreness. No effusion or flare was found, and no recurrence happened in the follow-up. The preoperative JOA score was 10.4, and post-operative JOA score 15.7. The X-ray films of all cases demonstrated successful fusion with good curvature and height, and there was no sinking or collapse. The stability was satisfactory; the reconstructive height of vertebra was maintained. No complications such as infection and screw broken came into being. The fusion cage of the biomimetic n-HA/PA66 composites can effectively restore the height and structure of vertebra. It may have the potential for use as a satisfactory prosthestic vertebral body replacement.
Adult ; Aged ; Biocompatible Materials ; therapeutic use ; Biomimetics ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyapatites ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nanoparticles ; Nylons ; Orthopedic Fixation Devices ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; methods ; Spondylosis ; surgery ; Young Adult