Combination of pancreatin and papain was investigated on protid digestive activities: The protid digestive capacity of mixture was remarkably higher than the total one of both partial substances of the same amount as in the mixture. The activity of the mixture was the best at pH 5-9, temperature from 28OC to 55OC and above
Hydrolysis ; Pancreatin

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the difference in efficacy between calcium metaphosphate (CMP)-coated implant fixtures and conventional resorbable blasted media (RBM) processed implant fixtures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study targeted 50 implants from 44 patients who visited Dankook University Dental Hospital. Implantations were done separately for RBM treated and CMP-coated implants, although their design was the same. Calcium metaphosphate has a quicker biodegradation process through hydrolysis compared to other phosphate calcium groups. For the first year of the implantation, the resorption volume of marginal bone analyzed via radiography and perio-test value were measured, under the check plan. Their analyses were composed of a non-inferiority trials test. A 95% level of reliability was used. RESULTS: In the comparative analysis of the resorption volume of marginal bone and the perio-test value, no statistically significant difference was found between the CMP-coated implants and RBM implants. CONCLUSION: One year after the implant placement, CMP-coated implants were found not to be inferior to the conventional RBM implants.
Calcium ; Humans ; Hydrolysis

CD44 is a widely distributed cell-adhesion molecule that participates in a number of biological events. CD44 is proteolytically cleaved by other enzymes and the level of its proteolysis is correlated to the cell activity. The CD44-proteolytic peptides including soluble CD44 and CD44 intracellular domain have different functions in cell events. In recent years, a number of researches found the functions of CD44-proteolytic peptides. In this review, the release of CD44-proteolytic peptides and their functions of these peptides were summarized.
Hyaluronan Receptors ; metabolism ; Hydrolysis

BACKGROUND: The selection of identification (ID) system of enterococci depends mainly on the accuracy of ID system, cost of operation and convenience of testing. Commercial ID kits are easy to use but too expensive. The aim of the study was to develop a simple system for the identification of species of enterococci which are frequently isolated from clinical specimens. METHODS: Eight conventional biochemical tests selected for the simple ID method were hemolysis pattern, NaCl-esculin hydrolysis, tellurite tolerance, arginine dihydrolase, acid from arabinose, raffinose and methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, and pigment production. Ninety one consecutive strains of enterococci from clinical specimens isolated during the period of April 1988 were tested by the simple ID method, and API rapid ID 32 STREP. RESULTS: Simple ID method with 15 ID codes was established to identify 13 species of enterococci. Among the 91 isolates tested, 88 (96.7%) were identified to the species level of enterococci by simple ID method. CONCLUSIONS: The simplified conventional ID method is simple, reliable and economical. Further modification may improve the accuracy of the enterococcal species identification system.
Arabinose ; Arginine ; Hemolysis ; Hydrolysis ; Raffinose

OBJECTIVETo optimize the process for preparing genipin with enzymolyzed geniposide by an orthogonal experiment.

METHODThe optimal enzymolysis process was selected by an orthogonal experiment, with the concentration of geniposide as the index as well as enzyme quantity, pH of enzymolysis solution, enzymolysis time and enzymolysis temperature as considerations.

RESULTThe optimal hydrolysis conditions were as follow: rough genipin samples at the concentration of 40 g x L(-1) were selected and shook on a table concentrator at a speed of 100 r x min(-1), added with beta-glucosidase-geniposide 1 : 1 (weight proportion), with pH of enzymolysis solution at 4.5, hydrolyzation temperature at 50 degrees C, the conversion rate of genipin could reach 85.8%.

CONCLUSIONThe process is so stable and feasible that it can provide theoretical basis for the preparation of genipin with enzymolyzed geniposide.

Scleroglucan is a high-molecular water-soluble microbial exopolysaccharide and mainly applied in the fields of petroleum, food, medicine and cosmetics. The high molecular weight of scleroglucan produced by microbial fermentation leads to low solubility, high viscosity and poor dispersibility, thus bringing a series of difficulties to extraction, preservation and application. It is important to explore suitable degradation method to adjust the molecular weight of scleroglucan for expanding its industrial application. Taking Sclerotium rolfsii WSH-G01 as a model strain, in which functional annotations of the glucanase genes were conducted by whole genome sequencing. Based on design of culture system for culture system for differential expression of β-glucanase, endogenous β-glucanase genes in S. rolfsii WSH-G01 were excavated by transcriptomics analysis. Functions of these potential hydrolases were further verified. Finally, 14 potential endogenous hydrolase genes were obtained from S. rolfsii. After heterologous overexpression in Pichia pastoris, 10 soluble enzymes were obtained and 5 of them had the activity of laminarin hydrolysis by SDS-PAGE and enzyme activity analysis. Further investigation of the 5 endogenous hydrolases on scleroglucan degradation showed that enzyme GME9860 has positive hydrolysis effect. The obtained results provide references not only for obtaining low and medium molecular weight of scleroglucan with enzymatic hydrolysis, but also for producing different molecular weight of scleroglucan during S. rolfsii fermentation process with metabolic engineering.
Basidiomycota/genetics* ; Glucans ; Hydrolysis ; Saccharomycetales

PURPOSE: To identify the cause of frequent recurrence of ptosis after frontalis suspension with Supramid Extra II(R), we investigated the change occurring in the Supramid following implantation. METHODS: We examined the removed Supramid Extra II(R) from recurred congenital ptosis by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Some cracks were noted on its sheath as well as hydrolytic remnant of internal polyfilament. In most cases, the longer the implantation time was, the more the sign of disintegration was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that hydrolysis and subsequent weakening of Supramid material might have caused the frequent recurrence of ptosis.
Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Nylons* ; Recurrence

High temperature liquid water (HTLW) has drawn increasing attention as an environmentally benign medium for organic chemical reactions, especially acid-/base-catalyzed reactions. Non-catalyzed hydrolyses of gallotannin and tara tannin in HTLW for the simultaneous preparation of gallic acid (GA) and pyrogallol (PY) are under investigation in our laboratory. In this study, the hydrolysis kinetics of gallotannin and tara tannin were determined. The reaction is indicated to be a typical consecutive first-order one in which GA has formed as a main intermediate and PY as the final product. Selective decomposition of tannin in HTLW was proved to be possible by adjusting reaction temperature and time. The present results provide an important basic data and reference for the green preparation of GA and PY.
Catalysis ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; Tannins ; chemistry ; Temperature

Lignocellulose can be hydrolyzed by cellulase into fermentable sugars to produce hydrogen, ethanol, butanol and other biofuels with added value. Pretreatment is a critical step in biomass conversion, but also generates inhibitors with negative impacts on subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Hence, pretreatment and detoxification methods are the basis of efficient biomass conversion. Commonly used pretreatment methods of lignocellulose are chemical and physic-chemical processes. Here, we introduce different inhibitors and their inhibitory mechanisms, and summarize various detoxification methods. Moreover, we propose research directions for detoxification of inhibitors generated during lignocellulose pretreatment.
Biofuels ; Biomass ; Fermentation ; Hydrolysis ; Lignin/metabolism*

A novel fungal strain Aspergillus sp. L117 that produced acid-stable and thermostable phytase was isolated on basis of the clearing zone on PSM plate and the ability of Na-phytate hydrolysis. The phytase of isolate showed a 3-fold higher activity than that of A. ficuun NRRL3135. The Aspergillus sp. L117 produced maximal level of phytase at initial pH of 5.0 and 30degrees C. The optimal pH and temperature for phytase activity were 5.5 and 50degrees C, respectively. The phytase showed totally stable activity after 20 min of exposure between 30 and 90degrees C, and even at 100degrees C. The highest level of residual phytase activity was obtained at pH 5.5, and still retained the stability at the broadest pH ranges (2.0 to 7.0) of all the aforementioned phytases. Storage stability of phytase was preserved over 96% of initial activities for 60 days at 4, -20, and -70degrees C and to retain even 70% of the initial activity at room temperature.
6-Phytase ; Aspergillus* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis