Hydrochlorothiazide ; pharmacology ; Pharmacogenetics

Three groups of patients with newely diagnosed hypertension, or with hypertension not optimally controlled by previous treatment, completed a comparative study on the effects of Dihydrochlorothiazide, propranolol, and prazosin on plasma lipids after three months therapy. The drugs showed equipotent antihypertensive effects(P<0.01). Dihydrochlorothiazide administration was associated with a significant elevation of total cholesterol(42%, P<0.05), and triglyceride(8.1%, P<0.01). Changes of HDL-C(5.1%), LDL-C(3.3%), and cholesterol ratio(-4.8%) were not significant. Propranolol administration was associated with significant elevation of total cholesterol(3.8%, P<0.05), triglyceride(14.5%, P<0.005), and LDL-C(5.6%, P<0.005). Reduction of HDL-C(-7.8%, P<0.05) and cholesterol ratio(-14.7%, p<0.005) was also statistically significant. Prazosin administration was associated with significant decrease in total cholesterol(-6.6%, P<0.005), triglycride(-9.6%, P<0.005), and LDL-C(-11.7%, P<0.005), and significant elevation of HDL-C(10.6%,P<0.005) and cholesterol ratio(24.2%, P<0.005) was noted.
Cholesterol ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide* ; Hypertension* ; Plasma ; Prazosin* ; Propranolol*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the effect of tamsulosin and hydrochlorothiazide (Dichlozid) on the expulsion of ureteral stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 132 patients with a single ureteral calculi less than 10 mm in diameter were enrolled and divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n=40) received tamsulosin (0.2 mg/day), group 2 (n=35) received Dichlozid (25 mg/day) and tamsulosin (0.2 mg/day), and group 3 (n=57) was the control. Proximal and distal ureteral stones were evaluated separately. Efficacy was evaluated in terms of the rate and duration of expulsion according to stone size (<5 mm, > or =5 mm) for a maximum period of 4 weeks. RESULTS: The mean stone diameters were 4.9+/-1.7 mm (group 1), 4.8+/-1.6 mm (group 2), and 5.3+/-1.8 mm (group 3). The overall expulsion rates were 70%, 74.3%, and 52.6%, respectively, and showed statistical significance. The mean durations of expulsion were 14.7+/-1.6, 12.8+/-1.5, and 18.0+/-2.0 days, respectively, and group 2 showed a significant decrease in the duration. There were no significant differences in the expulsion rate of proximal and distal ureteral stones in any group. Distal ureteral stones in groups 1 and 2 showed a significant reduction in the mean expulsion time (<5 mm: 13.6+/-0.5, 11.8+/-0.7, and 16.7+/-0.8 days in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively; > or =5 mm: 15.0+/-1.4, 13.0+/-0.6, and 17.8+/-0.4 days in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). The mean expulsion time for smaller proximal stones (<5 mm) in groups 1 and 2 was reduced significantly (17+/-0.6, 15.2+/-0.8, and 19.3+/-0.6 days in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Medical therapy with tamsulosin is time-saving and effective for treating ureteral calculi. In addition, adjunctive treatment with Dichlozid may reduce the duration of expulsion.
Diuretics ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Sulfonamides ; Ureter ; Ureteral Calculi

The effects of KCI continus tablet(K-Contin(R)) on the serum level of K and uric acid during hydrochlorothizide therapy(25mg/day) were evaluated in 30 patients with essential hypertensien. The results are as follows : 1) During hydrochlorothiazide therapy(25mg/day), 23% of all patients showed hypopotassemia(<3.5mEq/1) while no patient developed hypopotassemia after potassium supplement therapy(8 mEq/day). 2) During the period of K supplement, the level of serum uric acid showed less elevation. 3) The side reaction of KCI continus tablet were mild indigestion which developed in two patients and disappeared soon without any particular treatment. In conclusion, the KCI continus tablet is useful in the prevention of hypopotassemia during chronic diuretic therapy.
Dyspepsia ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypokalemia ; Potassium ; Uric Acid*

In order to investigate electrolyte changes in serum and urine diuretic therapy, we studied 98 patients with hypertension not optimally controlled by previous treatment. After we divied the patients into three gorups in randomized trial, group A were given Amiloride 10mg/day, group B were given Dihydrochlorothiazide 50mg/day, group C were given Amiloride 5mg/day combined with Dihydrochlorothiazide 25mg/day for 7 days. Blood pressure and electrolyte changes in serum and urine after diuretic theraphy for 7 days were as follows. 1) Serum sodium concentrations were not significantly changed in all three groups(P>0.05). 2) Serum potassium concentrations were increased in group A and C (P<0.05), but there were no significant changes in group B(P<0.05). 3) Urinary sodium exceretions were increased in all three groups(P<0.05). 4) Urinary potassium excretion were decreased in group A and C (P<0.05), but there were increased in group B (P<0.05). 5) Blood pressure were decreased in all three groups(P<0.05).
Amiloride ; Blood Pressure ; Diuretics* ; Electrolytes* ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Potassium ; Sodium

A 72-year-old woman developed pruritic erythematous patches on sun-exposed areas for 2 months following treatment with hydrochlorothiazide (Dichlozid) for hypertension. A phototest revealed a decreased minimal erythemal dose to UVA (MED(UVA)=2 J/cm²). A photopatch test with 0.5%, 1%, and 5% hydrochlorothiazide ointment revealed no response. Two weeks after discontinuation of hydrochlorothiazide, the skin lesions improved with complete loss of photosensitivity without any therapy. At that time, an oral provocation phototest with hydrochlorothiazide was performed and it showed a decreased MED to UVA (MED(UVA)=2 J/cm²).
Aged ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic* ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide* ; Hypertension ; Skin

BACKGROUND: To evaluate depressure effect and safety of delapril, a new ACE inhibitor, in Korea. METHOD: Thirty three patients, aged 37-69, with mild to moderate essential hypertension were first observed for 2 weeks with placebo followed by administration of 15mg of delapril twice daily for 2 weeks, then doubled dosage to 30mg b.i.d. and combined with 25mg of dihydrochlorothiazide if optimal BP were not obtained at the end of 4th week, continued the same dose until the end of 10 week's trial period. RESULT: BP dropped 15/9mmHg inaverage at the end of 10th week rewarding 70% of cumulative effectiveness. Most frequent side reaction was dry cough, occurred in 9% of patients followed by chest tightness, headache, constipation and transient elevation of GPT. CONCLUSION: Delapril 15-30mg twice daily as monotheraphy or combined with diuretics is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Constipation ; Cough ; Diuretics ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Korea ; Reward ; Thorax

The antihypertensive effect of captopril was evaluated in 15 patients with mild to moderate essestial hypertension(Mean age : 55, Mean blood pressure : 171/102mmHg). Captopril was administered 25 to 50mg twice daily with or without hydrochlorothiazide by mouth according to our protocol which was presented in the text. All the patients were followed up to 12 weeks. Captopril with or without hydrochlorothiazide significantly lowered the systolic and diastolic pressure in almost all patients. The mean systolic and diastolic pressure were reduced to 134/86mmHg(-37/-16mmHg ; -22/-16%)(p<0.001). Heart rate did not change significantly. No unwanted effects were observed. We conclude captopril has exellent antihypertensive effect in most patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Captopril* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Mouth

This proficiency testing program is established to evaluate the pharmaceutical preparation analysis capacity of laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies. It was authorized by Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC), and organized by Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control (SIFDC) and China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS). The 0.3sigma test is used to evaluate the homogeneity and stability of the proficiency testing sample. The results of the laboratories were assessed by Z-score. The robust average and the robust standard deviation of the participants' results were calculated as assigned value and standard deviation for performance assessment of hydrochlorothiazide and captopril using robust statistics. Thirty-three of 38 laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies sent their results back. Twenty-four laboratories' results were observed as satisfactory. Five laboratories were identified as having reported at least one questionable result. Four laboratories were identified as having reported at least one unsatisfactory result.
Accreditation ; Captopril ; analysis ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Stability ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; analysis ; Laboratory Proficiency Testing ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; chemistry

Evaluation of several antihypertensive regimens involving reserpine, hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrex(R)) and clonidine (Catapres(R)) was conducted on 230 subjects with mild to severe hypertension. Chlordiaxepoxide (Librium(R)) which is a sedative was also administered to observe the effect in patients with mild labile hypertension. The results obtained were as follows; 1. All five regimens of chlordiazepoxide, reserpine, hydrochlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide plus reserpine and hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine produced a significant decrease in average mean arterial pressure (systolic+diastolicc pressure/2) compared to control values (p<0.01). 2. Hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine was the most effective pressure lowering regimen, resulting in an average fall of 39.3 mmHg in average mean arterial pressure and obtaining excellent result in 28.6% of the cases. 3. The order in the pressure lowering effect was hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine, hydrochlorothiazide plus reserpine, hydrochlorothiazide, reserpine, and chlordiazide 4. There was no significant difference between hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine and hydrochlorothiazide plus reserpine (p>0.1). 5. More reduction in diastolic pressure than systolic was observed with hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine. 6. The results of hydrochlorothiazide alone, hydrochlorothiazide-reserpine and hydrochlorothaizide-clonidine were better than those of chlordiazepoxide and reserpine alone in patients with fundoscopic findings of Keith-Wagener Grade II. 7. There was difference in pressure lowering effect with hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine between the group with and without albuminuria. 8. Hydrochlorothiazide plus clonidine were extremely effective in patients with severe hypertension, hydrochlorothiazide plus reserpine in patients with moderately severe hypertension, and reserpine and hydrochlorothiazide alone in patients with mild hypertension.
Albuminuria ; Antihypertensive Agents* ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Chlordiazepoxide ; Clonidine ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension ; Reserpine