1.Analysis of PD-L1 expression in salivary duct carcinoma with its efficacy as a tumor marker
Yong Ju LEE ; Yoon Woo KOH ; Sun Och YOON ; Hyang Joo RYU ; Hye Ryun KIM ; Hyang Ae SHIN
Korean Journal of Head and Neck Oncology 2019;35(1):13-20
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Despite multiple approaches of treatments for salivary duct carcinoma, there has been a need for more successful treatment methods because of its poor prognosis. Treatment options like immunotherapy using new technologies have been attempted. Based on recent study results indicating that targeting programmed death receptors are effective in treating various cancers, this study aimed to identify the frequency of PD-L1 expression and its impact on survival rate in salivary duct carcinoma.MATERIALS #SPCHAR_X0026; METHODS: We studied 33 patients with salivary gland cancer who were available for histologic specimens. We examined the expression of PD-L1 in the tissues and analyzed the association with the survival rate and the association with various clinical parameters.RESULTS: According to this study and review of similar studies, we discovered that the expression of PD-L1 in salivary duct carcinoma was lower than other types of cancers. The impact of PD-L1 on survival rate also showed inconsistency in salivary duct carcinoma.CONCLUSION: Immunotherapy by PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade in salivary duct carcinoma needs further evaluation for clinical application.
Humans
;
Immunotherapy
;
Prognosis
;
Receptors, Death Domain
;
Salivary Ducts
;
Salivary Gland Neoplasms
;
Survival Rate
2.The Need-Assessment of Employee Assistance Programs among Korean Manufacturing Industry Workers in Gyeongsang-do.
Dae Seong KIM ; Hyang Woo RYU ; Soo Chan CHOI ; Seong Kyeon LIM ; Jong Min WOO
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(2):135-144
OBJECTIVE: Employee Assistance Programs have recently been introduced to Korea as a potential solution to relieve workers's stress and improve their mental health. This study was conducted to determine the needs of EAPs among manufacturing industry workers in Gyeongsang-do Korea. METHODS: Responses to structured survey questionnaires were received from 556 workers at 7 mediumsized manufacturing factories. RESULTS: Among the 556 workers who responded to the questionnaire 'Prevention & management of work stress', 'Mental health & management of daily life stress', 'Physical exercise health promotion program'. 'Elderly care', 'Outplacement', 'Financial support for leisure activities', and 'Ensuring leisure time'were raised as the main issues and services that they expected to be provided by the company. CONCLUSION: EAPs have recently been introduced in Korean companies. The study results will be helpful to clarify the needs of individual Korean workers and to determine what EAP services should be provided.
Health Promotion
;
Korea
;
Leisure Activities
;
Mental Health
;
Questionnaires
3.Cancer Mortality and Incidence in Cement Industry Workers in Korea.
Dong Hee KOH ; Tae Woo KIM ; Seung Hee JANG ; Hyang Woo RYU
Safety and Health at Work 2011;2(3):243-249
OBJECTIVES: Cement contains hexavalent chromium, which is a human carcinogen. However, its effect on cancer seems inconclusive in epidemiologic studies. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to elucidate the association between dust exposure in the cement industry and cancer occurrence. METHODS: The cohorts consisted of male workers in 6 Portland cement factories in Korea. Study subjects were classified into five groups by job: quarry, production, maintenance, laboratory, and office work. Cancer mortality and incidence in workers were observed from 1992 to 2007 and 1997-2005, respectively. Standardized mortality ratios and standardized incidence ratios were calculated according to the five job classifications. RESULTS: There was an increased standardized incidence ratio for stomach cancer of 1.56 (27/17.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-2.26) in production workers. The standardized mortality ratio for lung cancer increased in production workers. However, was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Our result suggests a potential association between cement exposure and stomach cancer. Hexavalent chromium contained in cement might be a causative carcinogen.
Calcium Carbonate
;
Chromium
;
Cohort Studies
;
Dust
;
Epidemiologic Studies
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Korea
;
Lung Neoplasms
;
Male
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Stomach Neoplasms
4.Cyclin D1 Expression in 101 Cases of Breast Carcinoma.
Duck Hwan KIM ; Eun Sook NAM ; Hyung Sik SHIN ; Jin Woo RYU ; Jai Hyang GO ; Young Lyun OH ; Sang Yong SONG ; Dae Shick KIM ; Min Chul LEE
Korean Journal of Pathology 1998;32(4):266-272
Cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulator essential for G1 phase progression, is a candidate proto-oncogene implicated in pathogenesis of several human carcinomas including breast carcinoma. We studied the cyclin D1 expression in 101 cases of primary breast carcinoma tissues. The overexpression of cyclin D1 was immunohistochemically demonstrated in 34 (37.8%) of 90 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Positive cyclin D1 staining was seen in 32 of 79 invasive ductal carcinomas, and 2 of 3 mucinous carcinomas. All 5 medullary carcinomas, 2 invasive lobular carcinomas, and 1 metaplastic carcinoma were negative. Cyclin D1 overexpression was observed in 9 of 11 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Normal epithelial components, either ductal or lobular, were not immunoreactive for cyclin D1. No significant correlations were observed between cyclin D1 immunoreactivity and other parameters including tumor size, clinical stage, nuclear or histologic grades, lymphatic or angioinvasion, lymph node metastasis, and immunohistochemical status of progesterone receptor, p53 and c-erbB-2. The overexpression of cyclin D1 was positively correlated with estrogen receptor status (p=0.025). Based on our results, the cyclin D1 protein aberration may play a role in tumorigenesis of breast carcinoma, but does not seem to have prognostic value in invasive breast carcinoma without hormonal treatment.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous
;
Breast Neoplasms*
;
Breast*
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Carcinoma, Ductal
;
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
;
Carcinoma, Lobular
;
Carcinoma, Medullary
;
Cell Cycle
;
Cyclin D1*
;
Cyclins*
;
Estrogens
;
G1 Phase
;
Humans
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Proto-Oncogenes
;
Receptors, Progesterone
5.Sonographic Features of Dual Ectopic Thyroid: Report of Two Cases.
Guen Ho RYU ; Yun Woo CHANG ; Dong Hwan LEE ; Deuk Lin CHOI ; Kui Hyang KWON ; Seung Boo YANG
Journal of the Korean Society of Medical Ultrasound 2011;30(2):127-131
Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon congenital abnormality, but ectopic thyroid tissue can be present anywhere along the course of the thyroglossal duct and the embryologic descent from the base of the tongue. We report here on two cases with the ultrasonograpic findings of dual ectopy of the thyroid, and these findings were well correlated with the findings of nuclear scintigraphy.
Congenital Abnormalities
;
Thyroid Dysgenesis
;
Thyroid Gland
;
Tongue
6.Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment: Assessing Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults with Low Literacy Skills.
Yongsoo SHIM ; Hui Jin RYU ; Dong Woo LEE ; Jun Young LEE ; Jee Hyang JEONG ; Seong Hye CHOI ; Seol Heui HAN ; Seung Ho RYU
Psychiatry Investigation 2015;12(3):341-348
OBJECTIVE: Comprehensive neuropsychological tests are important in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with MCI; however, most were developed without consideration of illiteracy. We developed the Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) as a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment battery applicable to older adults who are either literate or illiterate. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the LICA for diagnosis of MCI. METHODS: Normal controls (n=634) and patients with MCI (n=128) were recruited from 13 centers were included in this study. Participants were divided into illiterate or literate groups, based on their performance on a brief reading and writing test. The LICA, Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) were administered. RESULTS: Total LICA scores distinguished MCI patients from controls (p<0.001). They were closely and positively correlated to the K-MMSE scores (r=0.632, p<0.001) but negatively correlated to clinical dementia rating (CDR) (r=-0.358, p<0.001) and CDR sum of boxes (r=-0.339, p<0.001). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for patients with MCI by total LICA score was 0.827 (0.783-0.870), superior to that presented by the K-MMSE. For the classification of MCI subtypes, inter-method reliability of LICA with the SNSB was good (kappa 0.773; 0.679-0.867, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the LICA may be reliably used to distinguish MCI patients from cognitively intact adults, to identify MCI subtypes and monitor progression toward dementia, regardless of illiteracy.
Adult*
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Classification
;
Dementia
;
Diagnosis
;
Literacy
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Mass Screening
;
Mild Cognitive Impairment*
;
Neuropsychological Tests
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
ROC Curve
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
;
Seoul
;
Writing
7.A Case Study of a Foundry Worker with Localized Asbestosis: an Uncommon Occurrence in Korea.
Tae Woo KIM ; Dong Hee KOH ; Min Gi KIM ; Seung Won YOO ; Hyang Woo RYU ; Jeong Hee HAN ; Soon Hee JUNG
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(2):201-208
BACKGROUND: Foundry workers are known to be exposed to silica and have an increased risk of silicosis. There are also reports that state these foundry workers were associated with asbestos-related change in the X-ray results of the lungs. This report discusses a case of localized asbestosis developed in a foundry worker who worked in 12 Korean foundries. CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old man who worked at molding and melting for 30 years, presented with sore throat, cough and yellow sputum for 1 month. From physical and clinical examination, pulmonary tuberculosis was highly suspicious; therefore, he was medicated for 6 months. After tuberculosis medication, the radiological finding was reactivation of tuberculosis, and an asbestos body was detected at a transbronchial lung biopsy. During an operation, operators found multiple palpable masses and bullae localized in the right upper lobe (RUL) and performed right upper lobectomy and right middle lobe wedge resection. Using hematoxylin-eosin stain and iron stain, we could detect asbestos bodies by light microscopy. We analyzed the asbestos fiber burden in dry lung tissue by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (TEM-EDX). The fiber type was chrysotile and the fiber burden was 23.26x106 fiber/g dry lung. DISCUSSION: This case study of a foundry worker with localized asbestosis is uncommon in Korea. We found an occupational relationship between the foundry worker and localized asbestosis through various investigative techniques such as measurements taken at his working environment, clinical, radiological and pathological examination of the foundry worker and mineralogical examination of the asbestos fiber.
Asbestos
;
Asbestos, Serpentine
;
Asbestosis
;
Biopsy
;
Blister
;
Cough
;
Freezing
;
Fungi
;
Humans
;
Investigative Techniques
;
Iron
;
Korea
;
Light
;
Lung
;
Microscopy
;
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
;
Middle Aged
;
Pharyngitis
;
Silicon Dioxide
;
Silicosis
;
Sputum
;
Tuberculosis
;
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
8.A Case Study of a Foundry Worker with Localized Asbestosis: an Uncommon Occurrence in Korea.
Tae Woo KIM ; Dong Hee KOH ; Min Gi KIM ; Seung Won YOO ; Hyang Woo RYU ; Jeong Hee HAN ; Soon Hee JUNG
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(2):201-208
BACKGROUND: Foundry workers are known to be exposed to silica and have an increased risk of silicosis. There are also reports that state these foundry workers were associated with asbestos-related change in the X-ray results of the lungs. This report discusses a case of localized asbestosis developed in a foundry worker who worked in 12 Korean foundries. CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old man who worked at molding and melting for 30 years, presented with sore throat, cough and yellow sputum for 1 month. From physical and clinical examination, pulmonary tuberculosis was highly suspicious; therefore, he was medicated for 6 months. After tuberculosis medication, the radiological finding was reactivation of tuberculosis, and an asbestos body was detected at a transbronchial lung biopsy. During an operation, operators found multiple palpable masses and bullae localized in the right upper lobe (RUL) and performed right upper lobectomy and right middle lobe wedge resection. Using hematoxylin-eosin stain and iron stain, we could detect asbestos bodies by light microscopy. We analyzed the asbestos fiber burden in dry lung tissue by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (TEM-EDX). The fiber type was chrysotile and the fiber burden was 23.26x106 fiber/g dry lung. DISCUSSION: This case study of a foundry worker with localized asbestosis is uncommon in Korea. We found an occupational relationship between the foundry worker and localized asbestosis through various investigative techniques such as measurements taken at his working environment, clinical, radiological and pathological examination of the foundry worker and mineralogical examination of the asbestos fiber.
Asbestos
;
Asbestos, Serpentine
;
Asbestosis
;
Biopsy
;
Blister
;
Cough
;
Freezing
;
Fungi
;
Humans
;
Investigative Techniques
;
Iron
;
Korea
;
Light
;
Lung
;
Microscopy
;
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
;
Middle Aged
;
Pharyngitis
;
Silicon Dioxide
;
Silicosis
;
Sputum
;
Tuberculosis
;
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
9.The Relationship between Job Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Migrant Workers in Kyung-gi Province in Korea.
Sun Wung LEE ; Kyoo Sang KIM ; Tae Gyun KIM ; Hyang Woo RYU ; Mi Young LEE ; Yong Lim WON ; Yoon Hee SONG
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(1):76-86
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the mental health status of migrant workers. We focused on the relationship between depressive symptoms and job stress. METHEOD: A questionnaire was administered to 488 migrant workers who visited NGO migrant worker centers located in Kyung-gi province. A structured, self-reported questionnaire was used to assess each responder's sociodemographics, work related characteristics, health behaviors, past medical history, job stress and depression symptoms. The job stress questionnaire was used according to KOSS-26 and depression symptoms were measured using CES-D, which was translated into Korean. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between risk factors included job stress and depression symptoms. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression symptoms in survey subjects was 25.2%, but the prevalence of non-Chinese nationalities and illegal workers were 32.1% and 32.8%, respectively. Adjusting for confounding factors, job stress (OR 2.55, 95% CI=1.30-4.99) had a statistical meaningful relationship with depression symptoms. Among job stress domains, physical environment (OR 2.97, 95% CI=1.59-5.53), job demand (OR 2.33, 95% CI=1.26-4.32) and occupational climate(OR 3.10, CI=1.49-6.48) were most likely to experience depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among the study subjects was similar to the prevalence among the general population in Korea, but higher than that among the Korean workers. In particular, the prevalence among non-Chinese and illegal workers was higher. However, the job stress factor appeared to have a more direct correlation with depressive symptoms than the sociodemographic factors of nationality or residential status. Hence, in order to prevent depressive symptoms of the migrant workers, we believe that intervention on job stress is necessary.
Depression
;
Ethnic Groups
;
Health Behavior
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Logistic Models
;
Mental Health
;
Prevalence
;
Questionnaires
;
Risk Factors
;
Transients and Migrants
10.The Effect of Enalapril on the Peak Rates of Left Ventricular Wall Movement in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy.
Cheol Woo KIM ; Yoo Suk JUNG ; Kwang Je LEE ; Mi Hyang KWAK ; Kyung Man KIM ; Tae Ho KIM ; Chee Jeong KIM ; Wang Seong RYU ; Un Ho RYOO
Korean Journal of Medicine 1997;52(5):617-623
OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been shown to improve survival in patients with congestive heart failure. To evaluate the efficacy of enalapril in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy during concurrent treatment with digoxin and diuretics, the peak rates of left ventricular movement were assessed after 6 months of follow-up by digitized echocardiography. METHODS: Using a high quality digitizer, continuous measurement of left ventricular dimension and its rate of change (dD/dt) were obtained throughout the cardiac cycle. Normalized rates of wall movement (dD/dt/D) were used for comparison. RESULTS: 1) Compared with control subjects, patients with dilated cardiomyopathy showed much lower Peak(-) dD/dt and Peak(-) dD/dt/D. 2) Peak(+) dD/dt and Peak(+) dD/dt/D were also depressed in patients. 3) Peak dD/dt improved significantly (p<0.05) in the enalapril group (n=16), but did not change in the conventional treatment group (n=20) after 6 months. Peak dD/dt/D improved approximately (p<0.005) in the enalapril group. 5) There were no deaths in 2 treatment groups during initial 6 months, but 3 patients in the conventional treatment group died suddenly during 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The present study has shown that left ventrieular Peak dD/dt and Peak dD/dt/D are significantly depressed in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Enalapril appears to provide well-tolerated and effective long-term therapy by improving peak rates of left ventricular movement in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
;
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated*
;
Digoxin
;
Diuretics
;
Echocardiography
;
Enalapril*
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Heart Failure
;
Humans