PURPOSE: This study was conducted to generate a grounded substantive theory of the adaptation process of mothers-in-law of Vietnamese women married to Korean husbands. METHODS: Thirteen women who had Vietnamese daughters-in-law were interviewed. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a grounded theory method. RESULTS: Eight categories with 19 sub-categories were extracted from 268 concepts. The identified phenomenon was 'overcoming differences' and the core category was 'trying one's best to live together with daughter-in-law'. The 9 categories were grouped into 3 stages for the adaptation process: encountering, struggling, and living together. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that when individuals from different cultural and personal backgrounds have to live together there is a continuing negotiation process towards meeting each other's needs. Health professionals can assist this adaptation process by providing these women with insights into various ways of meeting each other's need while they are struggling.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Female ; Health Occupations ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Negotiating ; Spouses

OBJECTIVES: This study measures nursing students' ability to recognize child abuse and identifies the factors related to varying levels of recognition. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 370 third and fourth year nursing students using a self-reported questionnaire during November 15-30, 2011. The measuring tool for child abuse recognition used in the study was developed by Ozasa (2011) and is composed of 44 items including physical, mental, and sexual abuse, and neglect. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, two sample t-tests, and regression analysis were evaluated with the SPSS/PC ver20.0 program. RESULTS: Nursing students were concerned about child abuse(85.4%), but knew little about related laws and regulations(14.3%), and they had almost no formal education or training regarding how to recognize child abuse. They only 1.6% reported child abuse even if they encountered such incidents; however, they correctly recognized even infrequent incidents of child abuse. Recognition of sexual abuse ranked highest, while recognition of neglect ranked lowest. Those with higher levels of concern over child abuse showed higher recognition scores. Regression analysis revealed that physical abuse, mental abuse, and neglect had different related factors, while sexual abuse had none. CONCLUSION: Education and training on the subject of child abuse is strongly recommended in nursing curriculums so that nurses will be able to appropriately respond to and report suspected child abuse.
Child ; Child Abuse ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Curriculum ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Sex Offenses ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: As a sequel to the former analysis of the quality of life (QoL) among young-old and old-old in Korea, this research was aimed to identify factors related to the quality of life and the gender difference after controlling for the related factors among Korean elderly. METHODS: Selected elderly data of 1,339 subjects from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2010 was analyzed. In this survey, QoL was measured using Euro Quality of Life (EQ-5D) instrument. Data were analyzed using complex survey data analysis on IBM-SPSS 20.0. The related factors were identified using general linear models with backward elimination. The gender difference was tested also using general linear models. RESULTS: The distributions of educational level, family income level, and presence of cohabitant were different between male and female elderly in both young-old and old-old age group. So were the health behaviors and perceived health, and experience of stress, depression, and suicidal thoughts. QoL and its subscales- mobility, self care, daily living, pain and discomfort, and anxiety and depression- were consistently better among male elderly regardless of age group. Among the variables considered, education, family income level, presence of cohabitant, perceived health, age group and BMI were found to be related to the QoL at p=.05, and presence of chronic diseases at p=.10. The difference in QoL between male and female elderly after controlling for the variables was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Improving QoL is particularly important for the elderly. In order to improve QoL of the elderly, age- and gender-differences need to be considered when developing services and programs for the elderly.
Aged* ; Anxiety ; Chronic Disease ; Depression ; Education ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Quality of Life* ; Self Care ; Statistics as Topic

Tuberculomas in the spine are estimated to be 15 to 50 times less common than those occurring in the cranium. We experienced a case of intramedullary spinal tuberculoma and brain tuberculoma associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. A 39-year-old male was referred to the National Medical Center via emergency room because of urinary difficulty and lower limb weakness for 3 days. He had been treated with anti-tuberculosis regimens against pulmonary tuberculosis for 20 days. Spinal MRI revealed intradural intramedullary tuberculoma at T5. On the 21st day at the hospital, a generalized seizure attacked him. Brain MRI revealed multiple tuberculoma in both hemispheres, brainstem and cerebellum. He was treated anti-tuberculosis regimens and corticosteroids for 9 months. His condition improved clinically and radiologically. We report this case with a review of the literature.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Brain Stem ; Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Seizures ; Skull ; Spine ; Tuberculoma* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-esteem, emotional intelligence and social support on college adjustment in first year students in nursing. METHODS: The participants were 270 first year nursing college students. Data were collected from September 5 to 12, 2011 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: A positive correlation was found between college adjustment and self-esteem as well as emotional intelligence. The strongest predictor of college adjustment was satisfaction with nursing as a major. In addition, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, age, club membership, frequency of contact with faculty, and satisfaction with school life accounted for 57% of variance in college adjustment. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that programs promoting satisfaction with nursing major and appropriate counseling and academic guidance for nursing students are important for college adjustment in college nursing students.
Counseling ; Emotional Intelligence ; Humans ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: With the increase of foreigners using Korea health facilities, it is important for nurses to be culturally competent. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a cultural competence educational program on the cultural competence of nursing students. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. For the experimental group there were 42 participants from one school and for the control group, 40 from another school. The experimental group participated in the 14 week multicultural nursing education program while the control group participated later after the experiment was finished. Data were collected using self-report structured questionnaires prior to the intervention and right after the intervention, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ² test, and independent t-test with SPSS 18.0 program. RESULTS: The experimental group reported significant positive changes for cultural knowledge (t=3.99, p<.001), cultural awareness (t=3.92, p<.001), cultural acceptance (t=2.25, p=.027), and cultural competence behaviors (t=4.30, p<.001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that the cultural competence educational program developed by the researchers is effective in raising the level of cultural knowledge, cultural awareness, cultural acceptance, and cultural competence behaviors of nursing students.
Cultural Competency* ; Education, Nursing ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Health Facilities ; Humans ; Korea ; Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing* ; Transcultural Nursing

PURPOSE: This methodological study was conducted to develop and test a cultural competence scale for nursing students. METHODS: Based on the five constructs of cultural competency identified in the conceptual analysis of Suh, 76 items for the tool were derived initially. These items were reduced to 58 items after content validity tests (two times) by 6 multicultural experts. Data collected from 526 nursing students were utilized to test the validity and reliability of the preliminary tool. Item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-seven items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 5 factors explaining 62.1% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha was .91 and the reliability of the subscales ranged from .76 to .91. Criterion validity between the developed tool and empathy (r=.26, p <.001) was significant. CONCLUSION: The results show that this scale can provide scientific and empirical data when evaluating the effectiveness of school curriculums or multicultural empowerment programs regarding cultural competence of nursing students.
*Cultural Competency ; Cultural Diversity ; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate ; Empathy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Program Development ; Students, Nursing/*psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to explore the child rearing experience and associated issues of foreign women married to Korean men. METHODS: Eleven foreign women married to Korean men were selected by a purposive and snowball sampling method. Data were collected during the period from May to August, 2007 by a semi-structured interview guide. Transcribed interview data were analyzed using Giorgi's step of phenomenological analysis. RESULTS: The findings revealed six major themes and relevant subthemes: (a) having motherhood, (b) struggling with obstacles, (c) getting lost, (d) finding ways, (e) harvesting; and (f) looking into the future. CONCLUSIONS: The participants were experiencing multiple acculturative stressors which negatively affected their capacity for rearing children. However, when they had appropriate support, they were able to achieve many successes. Moreover, they were self-directed and making their best efforts to realize their dreams. This study contributed to the limited knowledge on immigrant women's child rearing experiences. It supported the need for comprehensive community programs that meet a variety of needs for this population and the need for public education.
Acculturation ; Child ; Child Rearing ; Cultural Diversity ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Marriage ; Spouses

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to generate a grounded substantive theory of the adaptation process of nurses who return to work after taking parental leave. METHODS: Individual in-depth interviews with 13 participants were conducted between June and September 2014. Participants were interviewed 1~3 times; interviews were continued until the data became saturated. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory method. RESULTS: The core category of experience of the process of adaptation as a nurse who returned to work after parental leave was 'trying to regain one's previous position'. Participants used five interactional strategies: 'preparing in advance', 'initiating relationships with colleagues', 'keeping a positive attitude', 'understanding parenting helpers', 'Taking burden off one's mind'. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the adaptation process of nurses returning to work after taking parental leave. The importance of improving nurses' attitudes to their co-workers who take parental leave is highlighted along with the necessity of providing a family-friendly work environment. These results can be used to develop supportive policies and programs for nurses who return to their work after parental leave.
Humans ; Parental Leave* ; Parenting ; Parents* ; Return to Work*

PURPOSE: This study was a descriptive study conducted to investigate the effects of intellectual capital on organizational performance of nurses in medium and small hospitals. METHODS: Data were collected from 241 nurses working in medium and/or small hospitals located in G City from August 10 to September 17, 2011. The measurement tools were the Intellectual Capital scale and Organizational Performance scale. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression with SPSS WIN 18.0 PC. RESULTS: Intellectual capital composed of human, customer, and structure capital had significant effects on organizational performance of nurses working in medium and small hospitals and explained 50.4% of the variance. CONCLUSION: In order to promote organizational performance of nurses, nursing managers and administrators need to invest more resources into the intellectual capital of the system including human, customer, and structure capital.
Administrative Personnel ; Humans