The purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of the number of births in Gwangju and the number of outpatients in Pediatric Dentistry at Chonnam National University Dental Hospital over the past 10 years (2010 - 2019) and predict the next year using time series analysis. The number of births showed an unstable downward trend with monthly variations, with the highest in January and the lowest in December. The average number of births in 2020 was predicted to be 682 (595 to 782, 95% CI), and the actual number of births was an average of 610. The number of outpatients was relatively stable, showing a month-to-month variation, with highest in August and the lowest in June. The average number of patients in 2020 was predicted to be 603 (505 to 701, 95% CI), and the average number of actual visits was 587. Despite the decrease in the number of births, the number of outpatients was expected to increase somewhat. Due to the special situation of COVID-19, the actual number of births and patients was to be slightly lower than the predicted values, but it was that they were within the predicted confidence interval. Time series analysis can be used as a basic tool to prepare for the low fertility era in the field of pediatric dentistry.

Minor orthodontic treatment using a thin wire with high elasticity can shorten the treatment period and reduce the load on the anchorage by the application of light force. Since it can be applied immediately without a dental laboratory procedure and does not require the patient's cooperation, it can be clinically useful. The cases reported here have led to positive results in short periods of treatment, using only a segmented straight 0.012 inch NiTi wire and flowable resin to address various locations within the oral cavity, such as the anterior teeth, premolars, and molars.

Background: The rate of suicide by carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is increasing rapidly in Korea. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of suicide attempters in Korea and to identify risk groups for choosing CO poisoning as a suicide method. Methods: Patients who visited the emergency department after attempting suicide between April 2017 and June 2019 were included in this study. We reviewed the medical records and evaluated the demographic and clinical data of suicide attempters. Cross-tabulation analyses and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Statistically significant risk groups for suicide by CO poisoning were men (odds ratios [OR], 1.71), those who were 25-44 years of age (OR, 7.35), those with no psychiatric history (OR, 2.12), and those who made a suicide plan (OR, 7.70). Among suicide attempters grouped according to psychiatric diagnoses, those with adjustment disorders were most likely and those with psychosis were least likely to choose CO poisoning as the suicide method. Conclusion To prevent a CO poisoning suicide attempt, it seems warranted to develop a tool to screen patients for suicide risk as part of a regular health checkup so that early intervention can be provided.

Background: This study compared the neutralizing antibody kit using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method with the rapid antibody diagnostic kit using the Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA) method to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the COVID-19 Biokit IgG/IgM regarding evaluation of antibody formation after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: The neutralizing antibody test was performed with antibody detection kit of diagnostic medical devices for the qualitative method using the standard ELISA method. The rapid antibody diagnostic kit was measured with the COVID-19 Biokit IgG/IgM using the LFIA method. Based on the results of the neutralizing antibody measurement test of the standard test method, the test results of the rapid antibody diagnostic kit are compared and analyzed to confirm its the sensitivity and specificity. Results: When the consistency was determined as positive and negative for the two test results, 118 cases were matched and two cases were inconsistent, showing a 98.3% consistency rate. That is, sensitivity 98%, specificity 100% and correctly classified proportion 98%. Conclusions Although the positive results of antibody formation of this kit would mean that individual has immunity to COVID-19, the result cannot be used to confirm or evaluate for re-infection. But the strong agreement between rapid antibody diagnostic kit results and ELISA results suggests that the kit used in this study is available as a screening test for antibody and neutralizing antibody responses, which could help evaluate the need for additional vaccinations, collect data quickly and cheaply and monitor individual immune responses.

BACKGROUND: Personal health records (PHRs) are web based tools that help people to access and manage their personalized medical information. Although needs for PHR are increasing, current serviced PHRs are unsatisfactory and researches on them remain limited. The purpose of this study is to show the process of developing Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH)'s own PHR system and to analyze consumer's use pattern after providing PHR service. METHODS: Task force team was organized to decide service range and set the program. They made the system available on both mobile application and internet web page. The study enrolled PHR consumers who assessed PHR system between June 2013 and June 2014. We analyzed the total number of users on a monthly basis and the using pattern according to each component. RESULTS: The PHR service named Health4U has been provided from June 2013. Every patient who visited SNUBH could register Health4U service and view their medical data. The PHR user has been increasing, especially they tend to approach via one way of either web page or mobile application. The most frequently used service is to check laboratory test result. CONCLUSION: For paradigm shift toward patient-centered care, there is a growing interest in PHR. This study about experience of establishing and servicing the Health4U would contribute to development of interconnected PHR.
Advisory Committees ; Electronic Health Records ; Health Records, Personal* ; Humans ; Internet ; Mobile Applications ; Patient-Centered Care ; Seoul

This practice parameter for non-pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) review the domestic and international literature on the psychosocial treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. This parameter include the parental training & education, cognitive behavior therapy(group or individual), social skill training, family therapy, play therapy(individual psychotherapy) and non-traditional therapy(art therapy, herbal therapy et al). Among them, there is some proven evidence only in parental training & education and cognitive behavior therapy. So, this parameter describes some details only in the field of parental training & education and cognitive behavior therapy. The efficacy or effectiveness, especially, cost-effectiveness of specific psychosocial treatment method for ADHD cannot be fairly assessed due to the scarcity of controlled clinical data. Based on the clinical expert consensus and limited evidence, we cautiously suggest the practice recommendations about the non-pharmacological psychosocial treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD.
Adolescent ; Child ; Cognitive Therapy ; Consensus ; Education ; Family Therapy ; Humans ; Parents ; Phytotherapy

The objective of this review is to propose the Korean practice guideline for pharmacological treatment of attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). For making the guideline, the authors used the evidence-base approaches derived from a detailed review of literature including wide range of controlled clinical trials, studies of side effects of drugs, toxicological reports, and meta-analyses published in United States and Europe, as well as inside Korea. The review committee composed of experts in ADHD in Korea has reviewed the parameter. The practice parameter for pharmacological treatment describes the use of stimulants, atomoxetine, modafinil, bupropion, tricyclic antidepressants, and alpha-adrenergic agonists and their side effects. The recommendations of pharmacological treatment are proposed at the end of the article.
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists ; Advisory Committees ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; Bupropion ; Europe ; Korea ; United States ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride

Probably the three most important components to a comprehensive evaluation of patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) are the clinical interview, the medical examination, and the completion and scoring of behavior rating scales. Teachers and other school personnel are often the first to recognize that a child or adolescent might have ADHD, and often play an important role in the help-seeking/referral process. A diagnostic evaluation for ADHD should include questions about ADHD symptoms, other problems including alcohol and drug use, family history of ADHD, prior evaluation and treatment for ADHD. Screening interview or rating scales as well as interviews should be used. When it is feasible, clinicians may wish to supplement these components of the evaluation with objective assessments of the ADHD symptoms, such as psychological tests. These tests are not essential to reaching a diagnosis, however, or to treatment planning, but they may yield further information about the presence and severity of cognitive impairments that could be associated with some cases of ADHD. Screening for intellectual ability and academic achievement skills is also important in determining the presence of comorbid developmental delay or learning disabilities. The number and type of symptoms required for a diagnosis of ADHD vary depending on the specific subtype. To receive a diagnosis of ADHD, the person must be experiencing significant distress or impairment in daily functioning, and must not meet criteria for other mental disorders which might better account for the observed symptoms such as mental retardation, autism or other pervasive developmental disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders. This report aims to suggest a practice guideline of assessment and diagnosis for children and adolescents with ADHD in Korea.
Adolescent ; Anxiety Disorders ; Autistic Disorder ; Child ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Korea ; Learning Disorders ; Mass Screening ; Mental Disorders ; Mood Disorders ; Psychological Tests ; Weights and Measures

Based on the broad and in-depth literature review, the dedicated members of the committee for the development of Korean attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) practice parameter develop the Korean practice parameter for ADHD. Members of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry(KACAP) had reviewed the drafts through off-line and on-line access to the drafts. Feedbacks from the members of KACAP were carefully integrated into the current practice parameter. This article presents the state of the art knowledge regarding the assessment and the management of ADHD. Recommendations in the end of the practice parameter may help clinician to make decisions in clinical practice, but are not likely to override the clinician's decision in natural settings. Future directions to complement the limitation of the current practice parameter is suggested.
Adolescent ; Child ; Complement System Proteins ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. The awareness and treatment rate of the disease are low despite its relatively high prevalence. With the added data, this study aimed to identify changes in prevalence and risk factors of COPD using the data from the 5th KNHNES. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 8,969 individuals aged 40 and older who satisfied suitability and reproducibility for pulmonary function tests. The prevalence, awareness and risk factors of COPD were predicted based on the questionnaires on gender, age, educational level, income level, smoking history, body mass index (BMI) and other COPD related questions. RESULTS: Diagnosis of COPD was based on the airflow limitation (forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity <0.7) of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. The prevalence of COPD from 2010 to 2012 was 13.7%, of which 23.3% was men and 6.5% women. The prevalence was on the rise, with 12.2% in 2010, 13.2% in 2011, and 15.5% in 2012. In GOLD stage 1, the percentages of those who had cough or sputum and smoking history were 12.1% and 75.5%, respectively, but only 0.1% was diagnosed with COPD. Even after adjusting for asthma and tuberculosis, men, old age, larger amount of smoking were linked with a higher prevalence of COPD, and obese and higher educational level were associated with a lower prevalence of COPD. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of COPD in Korea has been increasing every year, and a higher prevalence was associated with male, older age, more amount of smoking, lower educational level and lower BMI.
Asthma ; Body Mass Index ; Cause of Death ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Prevalence* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis ; Vital Capacity