Lipoarabinomannans (LAM) is believed as a potential virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. LAM exhibits marked differences in biological activities depending on the types, arabinofuranosyl-terminated LAM (AraLAM) derived from a rapidly growing Mycobacterium sp. and heavily mannosylated LAM (ManLAM) derived from the Erdman strain. Collaboration between macrophages and T cells, especially macrophage activation by gamma interferon (IFN-r) and chemoattraction of T cells at the very inflammatory foci would be essential in defence against M. tubercu/osis. Chemokines Mig and IP-10 are inducible by IFN-r from macrophages and have been shown to act in vitro as T cell chemoattractants. However, little is known of LAMs capacity to induce chemokines Mig and IP-10 in macrophages. In this experiment, Mig and IP10 mRNA was expressed in the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) against BCG in BCG-immune mice. In some experiments, both Mig and IP-10 mRNA was evidently induced with different time courses in THP-1 cells stimulated with whole live M. tubercu/osis H37Rv (Erdman). To investigate whether Mig and IP-10 genes are differentially induced depending on the type of LAM, PCR amplification was used to detect mRNA of Mig and IP-10 from the THP-1 human monocytic cells stimulated with LAM. AraLAM, but not ManLAM, induced weakly Mig and IP-10 mRNA in the THP-1 cells. The induction of Mig and IP-10 was dependent upon the dose of AraLAM and exhibited different time courses. The mRNA for Mig and IP-10 was induced within 2 hr and 4 hr from the initiation of treatrnent and has disappeared by 8 hr and 24 hr under the experimental conditions used in this study, respectively. IFN-y at 100 U/ml, but not at 10 U/ml, was itself a good stimulus of both Mig and IP- 10 expression, and synergized with either AraLAM or ManLAM for induction of both Mig and IP-10. The expression patterns of MCP-3 were somewhat similar to those of Mig and IP10 in all of the experiments. These data indicate that IFN-r may contribute to effective macrophage function if macrophages are not fully affected by ManLAM, and chemokines Mig and IP-10 may a role in recruitment of T cells at inflammatory foci of tuberculosis.
Animals ; Chemokines* ; Chemotactic Factors ; Cooperative Behavior ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Interferons ; Macrophage Activation ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Mycobacterium ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger* ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tuberculosis ; Virulence

No abstract available.
HLA-D Antigens* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Epistaxis*

No abstract available.
Asthma*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Intussusception*

No abstract available.
Gallbladder*

BACKGROUND: The wall of ovarian dermoid cysts shows various kinds of morphologic patterns. Some of them resemble the features of epidermal and epidermal appendageal tumors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to classify the morphologic features of the wall of ovarian dermoid cyst from the dermatohistopathologic viewpoint. METHODS: H&E stained slides of 203 ovarian dermoid cysts were reviewed RESULTS: Thirteen different patterns of morphologic features were found. They included features of organoid nevus, sebaceous hyperplasia, steatocystoma multiplex, epidermoid cyst, nevus comedonicus, epidermal nevus, apocrine hidrocystoma, syringoma and trichilemmal cyst. CONCLUSION: Various epidermal and epidermal appendageal tumors may be associated with ovarian dermoid cyst.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Hidrocystoma ; Hyperplasia ; Nevus ; Organoids ; Ovary ; Skin* ; Steatocystoma Multiplex ; Syringoma

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Child* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Seizures*

BACKGROUND: In epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, it has been recognized that there exists heterogeneity in the clinical and serologic/immunopathologic features. OBJECTIVE: We examined patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita to see if there were any associated clinical and serological features which may predict disease activity or prognosis in the disease. METHODS: Clinical and some serologic features were compared. between 2 groups of patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita; one with complete remission of the symptoms and signs of the disease for more than 2 years and the other group with persistent disease activities of longer than 5 years.
Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita* ; Epidermolysis Bullosa* ; Humans ; Population Characteristics ; Prognosis

No abstract available.