Mammary carcinoma was induced in rats by itravenous injection of N-methy-N-Nitrosourea. Microangiography was perfromed to evaluate the microvascular alterations in mammary carcinoma after irradiation. The tumors were givena single dose of 1.400 rads using Co-60 telethrapy unit with field size of 4 x 4 cm at 40 cm SSD. The dose ratewas 147.5 rads per minute. Microangiography was performed prior to irradiation and at one, two, and four weeksfollowing irradiation. The results are as follows: 1. Before irradiation, mammary carcinoma in rats tended to formlobules and the basic vasculature consisted of peripheral vascular pattern with central penetrating vessels. Theperipheral vascular pattern was always richer than that of the center. Irregular and tortuous vessles stretchedfrom the periphery into the center of lobule. 2. One week following irradiation, an increase in the number ofsmaller, tortuous vessels and decreased intervasular distance were obseved in the central portion of each lobule.This finding seems to be due to an improved filling of some previously existing but unfilled vessels. This maylead to improved metabolic changes and reoxygenation. 3. Later's changes of microvasculature after irradiation aretortuosity, irregularity, narrowing, abrupt tapering, fragmentation, and extravasation. These findings progressedafter a lapse of time. 4. The results can be considered as the microangiographic demonstration of the fact that reoxygenation after irradiation is mainly due to dilatation of the collapsed tumor vessels.
Animals ; Dilatation ; Microvessels ; Radiation Effects ; Rats ; Silver Sulfadiazine

No abstract available.
Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Hysterectomy* ; Venous Thrombosis*

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Child* ; Humans

Eosinophilic granuloma of bone well-documented in the literature. This lytic bone disease most commonly occurs in children, but a fraction of the cases does occurs in adult. When the disease occurs in adults, the bone most often affected include the skull, ribs, mandible, clavicle, pelvis, and long bone of the extremities. We report the case of a 31-year old woman with isolated eosinophilic granuloma of the thoracic spine. She had a 1-month history of progressive back pain that radiated to the right anterior chest. Authors performed resection of vertebral body lesion and soft tissue lesion and anterior fusion from T7 to T9. Immunochemical staining showed a positive S100 protein stain. EM demonstrated characteristic Birbeck granule. Postoperatively, the patient underwent a 5-day course of RT to the T6-T10 spine with 200cGY fractions (total dose 1000cGY). Postoperatively, the patient's back and chest pain had disappeared. There is no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis at 18 months follow-up. Though rare, eosinophilic granuloma of the adult spine could be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic lesions.
Adult* ; Back Pain ; Bone Diseases ; Chest Pain ; Child ; Clavicle ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophilic Granuloma* ; Eosinophils* ; Extremities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mandible ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pelvis ; Recurrence ; Ribs ; Skull ; Spine* ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Antigen-Antibody Complex* ; Humans ; Interleukin-2* ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

OBJECT: This cross-sectional study was performed in order to evaluate the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia among the hospitalized schizophrenic patients. METHODS: Four hundred nineteen hospitalized schizophrenic patients(male=263, female=156) were recruited for this study. They were treated with antipsychotics for more than 3 months. The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia was assessed by the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia was 35.6%(Male=36.9%, Female 33.3%). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia among male and female schizophrenic patients. The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia among the patients over 30years old was much higher than those below 30years old. There were no significant correlations between the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia and the duration of hospitalization, the total amount of antipsychotics. The frequently involved parts of the body in the schizophrenic patients who have tardive dyskinesia were tongue, upper extremity, lips and perioral area, jaw, lower extremity, muscles of facial expression trunk, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There was significant correlation between the age and the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in the antipsychotic-treated schizophrenic patients.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dyskinesias ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Jaw ; Lip ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Movement Disorders* ; Muscles ; Prevalence* ; Schizophrenia ; Tongue ; Upper Extremity

BACKGROUND: Conventional echocardiography provides fundamental information about mitral valve morphology and function but is often subjective and has a relatively low specificity in evaluating valve calcific deposit, which is critical information for the preoperative decision. We hypothesized that mitral valvular calcification could be detected in standard two-dimensional echocardiograms of mitral valve in vivo by evaluating regional gray level(echo amplitude) using computerized image analysis so that we could overcome the subjectivity and low specificity of conventional echocardiography. METHODS: We tested this hypothesis by performing standard 2.5MHz two-dimensional echoes on mitral valve and myocardium in 30 patients with mitral stenosis, scheduled to undergo mitral valve replacement. We compared gray level of each region of interest in mitral valve and myocardium in stop-frame images with the degree of calcifications identified by pathologic and radiographic examinations. RESULTS: Ratio of mean gray level of mitral valve to mean gray level of myocardium was the most reliable value in evaluating degree of calcification. Quantitatively, region of calcification displayed the ratio of significantly higher value than that of no calcification. In case of anterior mitral valve, the ratio of the evident calcified region was greater than 3.11, that of the region without calcification was less than 2.42 and that of microcalcification was betwwn 2.42 and 3.11. For posterior mitral valve, the ratio of the evident calcified region was greater than 3.50, that of the region without calcification was less than 2.19 and that of microcalcification was between 2.19 and 3.50. The sensitivity and specificity of this method for assessment of degree of calcification was 75% and 100% for anterior mitral valve and 9% and 87.5% for posterior mitral valve. CONCLUSION: Mitral valvular calcification could be detected quantitatively in standard two dimensional echocardiograms of mitral valve in vivo by evaluating regional gray level(echo amplitude) using computerized image analysis.
Echocardiography ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Myocardium ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: To evaluate CT findings of normal anatomic alteration after neck dissection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The postoperative CT findings were retrospectively reviewed in 40 patients with neck dissection, comparing to preoperative CT. There were 28 patients with radical neck dissection and 12 patients with modified radical neck dissection or selective neck dissection. In addition to the neck dissection, 10 patients had undergone pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction, 20 patients taken laryngectomy, and 25 patients treated with radiotherapy. RESULTS: The typical CT findings of radical neck dissection were non-visualization of internal jugular vein and sternocleidomastoid muscle(28/28), ipsilateral neck flattening(26/28), and trapezius muscular atrophy(12/28). The other non-specific findings were tissue plane eftacement, subcutaneous reticular pattern, platysma muscle thickening, and adjacent soft tissue contrast enhancement which was the only evidence of previous operation in the cases of modified radical neck dissection or selective neck dissection. Reconstruction with myocutaneous flap was shown as ipsilateral bulk of fat and muscle(10/10). In cases with radiation therapy there was much increased density of submandibular gland(12/25). 15 patients showed recurrence on follow up CT scan, including regional metastasis in 10, stomal recurrence in two, and residual mass at primary site in three patients. CONCLUSION: CT is useful in evaluation of patients with neck dissection and in whom postoperative change impese diagnostic problem.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; Laryngectomy ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Neck Dissection* ; Neck* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Humans*