No abstract available.
Child* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique* ; Humans ; Prevalence*

The purpose of this study was to determine whether workers at a factory next to a lead recycling factory in Pusan, were affected by lead contamination. The mean air lead concentration of lead recycling factory was 0.21mg/m3(TWA=0.05mg/m3). Thirty-nine male workers of Factory A, Cr. plating factory next to the lead recycling factory were exposed group and a comparison group, 62 male workers of Factory B were selected from another Cr. plating factory about 8.5km away from lead recycling factory. Air lead concentration of each workplace was checked for 4 times from August 5 to August 20 in 1995 by low volume air sampler. Each subject was interviewed about age, life-style, smoking, work history, and residence etc, and venous blood was drawn for lead measurement by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. We have observed that air lead concentration and blood lead concentration of Factory A was higher than Factory B(2.6 +/- 1.6 Vs. 1.2 +/- 0.2 microgram/m3, 14.9 +/- 1.6 Vs. 12.2 +/- 1.6 microgram/dl). We believe that other environmental lead sources such as transportation and residence did not affect air lead and blood lead concentration differences of both factory. We concluded that high air lead and blood lead concentration of Factory A were caused by lead contamination generated by the neighboring lead recycling factory.
Absorption ; Busan ; Graphite ; Humans ; Male ; Recycling* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spectrum Analysis ; Transportation

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease associated with a marked increase in cancer susceptibility, especially cancer of the colorectum. The frequency of HNPCC in the general population is yet to be determined, but HNPCC may account for as much as 2% to 5% of colorectal cancer, Colorectal cancer in HNPCC differs from sporadic colorectal cancer by an early age of cancer onset, proximal predominance of colorectal cancer, an excess of synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer, and excess extra-colonic cancers. We have found 5 HNPCC families since 1992 when we reported first HNPCC family (KHU-Hl) In order to register the patients of HNPCC and to review the clinicopathologic feature and appropriate management, we have analysed 5 HNPCC families. Five HNPCC families included 16 colorectal cancer patients(14 males and 2 females). The average age of first diagnosis was 39. Among 16 patients, 8 patient were operated at the KyungHee University hospital and their operative and pathologic records were available. Two synchronous and seven metachronous cancers were founded, so that eight patients had 15 colorectal cancer lesions. Ten cancers were located proximal to splenic flexure and five were distal. Partial resection of colon was performed in seven cases except one when the first diagnosis was made and recurrence was founded in 5 patients. Recurrence was treated by total colectomy in 3 cases and subtotal colectomy in two. In conclusion, we re-confirmed that HNPCC patient should be treated by no less than a subtotal colectomy because of high multiplicity and high recurrence rate of partial resection.
Colectomy ; Colon ; Colon, Transverse ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Recurrence

BACKGROUND: The aging process may be induced, at least in part, by reactive oxygen species(ROS). It has been though that the lung could be a good source of ROS because it has a high oxygen tension. In the present study, we invetigated the inducibility of the first and last lines against oxidative stress, superoxide dismutases (Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) as a scavenger of O2- and metallothionein(MT) as a scavenger of OH·, respectively, in mouse lungs with age. METHODS: Oxidative stress was induced by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, at 1, 4, 8, and 12 months of age and then SODs and MT mRNAs were determined by RT-PCR method. RESULTS: The steady-state level of Mn-SOD mRNA increased from 1 to 8 months but decreased thereafter. However, Mn-SOD mRNA was not induced by paraquat after 1 month. On the other hand, there was no change in the steady-state level of Cu/Zn/-SOD mRNA, which decrease abruptly at 12 months of age. Additionally, Cu/Zn/-SOD mRNA was not induced by paraquat at any age. There was no change in the steady-state level of MT mRNA with age whereas its inducibility by paraquat was intact at all ages. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that lack of induction of SODs with age may be one of the causative factors in the aging process while induction of MT may play an important role in the defense against oxidative stress. It is therefore implicated that the tissue antioxidant/proxidant balance could be one determinants of meal life span.
Aging* ; Animals ; Hand ; Lung* ; Meals ; Metallothionein* ; Mice* ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Paraquat* ; RNA, Messenger ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides*

Majocchi's disease is one of chronic vascular disorders of the skin, histologically showing capillaritis with lymphoid cell infiltration. Although the hypothesis of delayed type hypersensitivity reaction against foreign antigen is proposed as the mechanism producing this condition, there are much yet to be defined. We tried to examine the lesional skin of five patients with Majocchi's disease by the direct immunofluorescence with anti-human immunoglobulins, C 3, and fibrin. As a result we found the deposition of immunoglobulins (M, and G) in papillary blood vessels in four patients, and C 3 and fibrin were found in all five patients. C3 was also found at the dermoepidermal junction in three patients. These findings suggest the posssibility that antibody mediated immunologic processes may alsobe involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder. With this observation Majocchis disease could be considered as a chronic immune vasculitis.
Blood Vessels ; Fibrin ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulins ; Lymphocytes ; Skin ; Vasculitis

The majority of the radiologically detected solitary pulmonary nodules are benign, although relatively infrequent malignant nodules always make problems. Regarding the high prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in this country, it could be assumed that a large number of the benign pulmonary nodules are tuberculomas. There have been various attempts with CT in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules. Most of them were focused on the nodule itself, however. We evaluated not only the character of the nodules bus also the parenchymal changes around the nodules to find evidences of associated pulmonary tuberculosis by using highresolution CT. We analyzed 35 benign solitary pulmonary nodules which are less than 4cm in size. Three or 5 high-resolution CT images were obtained in additon to the conventional CT images. Most of the nodules were located at the periphery of lung. Most of the nodules were proved to betuberculomas or presumed to be tuberculomas (n=32). The mean diameter of the nodules was 22mm. Most of the nodules were well-marginated. We observed a lobulated margin in 16 tuberculomas and a finely spiculated margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one hamartoma. the findings of parenchymal tuberculosis such as interlobular septal thickening, small centrilobular micronodules, and lobular overinflation were identified in 12, 6 and 12 cases of tuberculomas respectively. The changes of juxtanodular lung parenchyma as well as the character of nodule itself were well demonstrated on high-resolution CT. which is valuabel I the evaluation of the equivocal solitary pulomnary nodules. Evidences of pulmonary tuberculosis around the nodule would be the secondary sign of benignancy.
Hamartoma ; Lung ; Prevalence ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule* ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The majority of the radiologically detected solitary pulmonary nodules are benign, although relatively infrequent malignant nodules always make problems. Regarding the high prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in this country, it could be assumed that a large number of the benign pulmonary nodules are tuberculomas. There have been various attempts with CT in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules. Most of them were focused on the nodule itself, however. We evaluated not only the character of the nodules bus also the parenchymal changes around the nodules to find evidences of associated pulmonary tuberculosis by using highresolution CT. We analyzed 35 benign solitary pulmonary nodules which are less than 4cm in size. Three or 5 high-resolution CT images were obtained in additon to the conventional CT images. Most of the nodules were located at the periphery of lung. Most of the nodules were proved to betuberculomas or presumed to be tuberculomas (n=32). The mean diameter of the nodules was 22mm. Most of the nodules were well-marginated. We observed a lobulated margin in 16 tuberculomas and a finely spiculated margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one hamartoma. the findings of parenchymal tuberculosis such as interlobular septal thickening, small centrilobular micronodules, and lobular overinflation were identified in 12, 6 and 12 cases of tuberculomas respectively. The changes of juxtanodular lung parenchyma as well as the character of nodule itself were well demonstrated on high-resolution CT. which is valuabel I the evaluation of the equivocal solitary pulomnary nodules. Evidences of pulmonary tuberculosis around the nodule would be the secondary sign of benignancy.
Hamartoma ; Lung ; Prevalence ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule* ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Recently, extensive uses of lectins as cytochemical markers have made of studies for various epithelial and nonepithelial neoplasia, however, investigations of epithelial cell surface of transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder have been few. Thus, the atuhors performed a study of PNA binding in the authors performed a study of PNA binding in transitional cell carcinomas with comparision with that in normal mucosa of the urinary bladder to allow more accurate diagnosis and histological grade or degree of differentiation. The results of this study are as follows: 1) PNA shows negative reactions on all ten normal mucosae of the urinary bladder but positive staining at the glycocalyx of umbrellar cells in two cases. 2) PNA shows negative reactions on all four cases of von Brun'n nests and cystitis cystica. 3) PNA shows positive reactions on thirty (50%) of total sixty-one cases of transitional cell carcinomas and reveals two (20%), nine (41%), eleven (55%) and eight (88%) cases in grade I, II, III and IV, respectively. 4) PNA shows positive reactions on the intracytoplasm and/or degree of PNA binding activity in grade I to IV transitional cell carcinomas is not statistically significantly different (p>0.05). In summary, PNA did not react with normal nucosa and metaplastic lesions such as von Brunn's nests and cystitis cystica, however, it reacted with 50% (30/61 cases) of transitional cell carcinoma and its positivity is significantly increased with gradings of transitional cell carcinomas (p<0.05).

The treatment of acutely torn anterior cruciate ligament(A.C.L) remains a controversial subject. The purpose of this paper is to show the arthroscopic technique of A.C.L. primary repair with or without augmentation with semitendinosus tendon. Twenty-one patients with acute A.C.L. tear were treated with repair or augmented repair under arthroscopic control from April 1989 to August 1993. Five A.C.L. torn at femoral attachment with intact distal stump were treated with arthoscopic repair alone & 16 A.C.L. torn at substance near the femoral attachment with arthroscopic repair & augmentation with semitendinosus tendon. The patient population included of 16 males and 5 females with an average age 28.3 years. Fifteen patients injuried during sports activity. Postoperative results were evaluated by Lysholm knee score & Hospital for Special Surgery knee scale in average 26 months (range from 12 months to 64 months). All patients were rated as good or excellent result except one patient who had fair result. At follow-up study, testing with KT1000 arthrometer revealed 17 patients had less than 3mm of side to side difference. Second look arthroscopy was performed in 15 patients from 4 to 29 months after repair or augmented repair. Eleven out of these 15 A.C.L. were well healed with good tension 8r. revascularization of graft. Remaining 4 A.C.L. were healed with scar tissue. On the based of this study, arthroscopic repair or augmented repair is very effective treatment for acutely torn A.C.L. near the femoral attachment.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Arthroscopy ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Lysholm Knee Score ; Male ; Sports ; Tears ; Tendons ; Transplants

We reviewed 24 patients who had performed arthroscopic meniscal repair for the treatment off discoid lateral meniscal tear between january 1989 and December 1992. The follow up ranged from 1 year 6 month to 4 year 6 month(average 32month). The mean age was 17.9(range,8-50)years, the patients under 20 years old were 17(cases,71%).Common preoperative clinical symptom was pain on the knee joint(21 cases,87.5%) and click(19 cases,79%).Positive McMurry test was the most common physical examination finding(19 cases, 79%). All the lateral discoid meniscal tears were confirmed by arthroscopy. The mean interval between symptom onset and operation was 18.7 months(range 1 month to 10 year). The types of tear were peripheral (14cases, 58%), complex tear(4cases), longitudinal tear(2cases), transverse tear(2cases), horizontal tear(2cases)and the most common location of tear was posterior horn(1 1cases, 45%). The mean number of suture was four. In operative method, Scases(33%) were performed only meniscorrhaphy and meniscorrhaphy combined with partial meniscectomy was done in 16 cases(67%). According to Ikeuchi's grading system, the result was satisfactory in 21cases, fair in three cases. Second look arthroscopy was done in eleven cases(46%) between post operative 4 months to 2 years(mean, 8.3 months). The arthroscopic examination revealed complete healing of repaired meniscus in eight cases(73%). The remained three cases which were not completely healed was fair result.
Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Methods ; Physical Examination ; Sutures ; Tears