No abstract available.
Fibroma*

No abstract available.
Neurofibroma*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to prove the effects of topical anesthetics (EMLA) to control pain in preterm infants during invasive procedure (percutaneous central venous catheterization, PCVC). METHODS: A total of 18 preterm infants of birth weight <2,000 g and gestational age <36 weeks born at EulJi University Hospital, at Daejeon in 2010 were randomly included in this study. EMLA was applied in nine preterm infants 40 minutes before starting PCVC and placebo was applied in another nine preterm infants. Based on PIPP (preterm infant pain profile), we evaluated their heart rate, oxygen saturation before, 15 seconds during and 30 seconds after procedure. Behavioral responses were also recorded for 2 minutes after procedure. RESULTS: Experimental group showed significantly less behavioral response during procedure (P=0.005) and 2 min after procedure (P=0.001). Also, experimental group showed less increase in heart rate (P=0.033) and reduction of behavioral state (P=0.017). CONCLUSION: Despite limitation of small size in this study, experimental group showed lower pain score compared with placebo control group during catheterization. In neonatal care unit (NICU), we recommend the use of topical anesthetics such as EMLA to control pain during invasive procedures.
Anesthetics ; Birth Weight ; Catheterization ; Catheterization, Central Venous ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters ; Gestational Age ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lidocaine ; Oxygen ; Prilocaine

No abstract available.
Polycystic Kidney Diseases*

Families of children with cancer face many illness-related demands. The perceived social support is a critical resource for the family adaptation process. And the patterns of family adaptation to childhood cancer varies as characteristics of disease, which is prognosis, the influence of cognition function, and treatment process. The conceptual definition of social support is not unidimensional. However, most studies focus on general aspect of mediating effects on adaptation. Diverse dimensions of perceived social support should be considered in its effectiveness for intervention. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine whether family's perceived social support influences the family adaptation of family with pediatric cancer and what dimension influences mostly in family adaptation as the characteristics of disease in the family of children with cancer. The subject was consisted of 102 families with pediatric cancer who had been diagnosed as leukemia or brain tumor last 2 years. Those families had participated in the education program or meetings for family who have with pediatric cancer children. The measurement for this study were Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ) Part- ll developed by Brandt and Weinert to measure parents' perceived social support, and the McCubbin's Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) to measure family coping. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; Regression analysis showed that perceived social support has effect on family adaptation with beta=.43, p < .01. In the group of family of child with leukemia, social support as general has effect on adaptation (beta=.40, p < .01) and specially, social support perceived as intimacy was strongly effect on family adaptation. And In the group of brain tumor, Social support has effect on adaptation(beta=.46, p < .01) and among the social support domains, the self esteem dimension was most predictable to family adaptation. In conclusion, the perceived social support is a predictor on family adaptation and useful vehicle to help family who has child with pediatric cancer. An important clinical implication is that specified support program for intervention may be useful and critical for the family who has diverse pediatric conditions of childhood cancer. Further studies should stress the effects of family support for clinical intervention and is needed with diverse stage of development and pediatric conditions.
Brain Neoplasms ; Child* ; Cognition ; Education ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Negotiating ; Parents ; Prognosis ; Self Concept ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Dermatomyositis*

No abstract available.
Abscess ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Wood*

No abstract available.
Abscess ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Wood*

Background: and Purpose Migraine is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases worldwide. Although diverse treatment regimens have been recommended, there is insufficient evidence for which treatment patterns to apply in routine clinical settings. Methods: We used nationwide claims data from South Korea for 2015–2021 to identify incident migraine patients with at least one prescription for migraine. Patients were categorized according to their initial treatment classes and followed up from the date of treatment initiation. Treatment regimens included prophylactic treatments (antidepressants, anticonvulsants, beta blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system [RAAS] inhibitors) and acute treatments (acetaminophen, antiemetics, aspirin, ergotamine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], opioids, and triptans). The treatment patterns of migraine were evaluated until the end of the study period, including the secular trends, prevalence, persistence, and changes in migraine treatment. Results: Among the 761,350 included patients who received migraine treatment, the most frequently prescribed acute treatment was an NSAID (69.9%), followed by acetaminophen (50.0%).The most-prescribed prophylactic treatment was flunarizine (36.9%), followed by propranolol (24.4%). Among the patients, 54.8% received acute treatment, 13.5% received prophylactic treatment, and 31.6% received both treatment types. However, 65.7% of the patients discontinued their treatment within 3 months. The 3-month persistence rate was highest for triptans (25.2%) among the acute treatments and for RAAS inhibitors (62.0%) among the prophylactic treatments. Conclusions While the prevalence rates of medication use were found to align with current migraine guidelines, frequent switching and rapid discontinuation of drugs were observed in routine clinical settings.

Background: Isotretinoin is a gold standard treatment for moderate to severe acne vulgaris but is associated with cheilitis. Though moisturizing agents or petrolatum have been suggested, uncomfortable isotretinoin-induced cheilitis can disrupt treatment of acne patients. Topical tacrolimus has been used in atopic dermatitis with good safety and efficacy; however, there is no study of application of topical tacrolimus in cheilitis induced by isotretinoin. Objective: In this study, we aimed to describe the efficacy of topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment on cheilitis associated with isotretinoin therapy using isotretinoin cheilitis grading scale (ICGS), investigator global assessment (IGA), and patient global assessment (PGA). We also observed the side effects of topical tacrolimus ointment. Methods: Fifty acne vulgaris patients with isotretinoin-induced cheilitis were randomly allocated to either topical tacrolimus or petrolatum treatment using permuted-block randomization. Patients were followed-up at 4 and 8 weeks, at which cheilitis lesions were photographed and evaluated with ICGS, IGA, and PGA. Results: Compared to petrolatum group, tacrolimus group had greater responses to treatment as measured by mean values of ICGS, IGA, PGA at follow-up visits. Also, the ICGS decrease was larger in the tacrolimus group compared with the petrolatum group even according to isotretinoin dose. Conclusion Topical tacrolimus ointment had superior efficacy in treating cheilitis induced by isotretinoin compared to petrolatum. Erythema, fissures, scales, and commissures all showed better response to tacrolimus ointment. Topical tacrolimus ointment can be administered as an effective strategy in treatment of cheilitis as a complication of isotretinoin therapy and can improve compliance of acne patients.