No abstract available.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*

Object of treatment of long bone fracture is the reduction of fracture and maintenance of good alignment. Recently operative treatment has been attempted increasingly, but conservative treatment is considered important also. The authors have employed the multiple splint method that is modified from triangular splint method for humerus shaft fracrure originally having designed and reported by ourselves. In our experience of multiple splint method for long bone fracture and ligament injuries, some merits were noticed such as easiness of application, simplicity of removal and reapplication. We report this method with review of literature.
Casts, Surgical ; Fractures, Bone ; Humerus ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Splints

Pigmentary dermarcation lines are boundaries between more deeply pigmented skin and areas of lighter pigmentation. We report 4 cases of pigmentary demarcation lines of pregnancy associated with erythema which developed in the third trimester of pregnancy and were symmetrically located in the buttock and posteromedial portion of the lower extremities. After delivery, the erythema disappeared within 3-7 days, followed by slow resolution of the brownish pigmentation.
Buttocks ; Erythema* ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Pigmentation ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Skin

One hundred patients of osmidrosis were treated by surgical procedure at the Department of Dermatology, Wonkwang University Hospital. The methods of operative treatment were elliptical excision for 37(74), bipedicle incision with apocrine glancl undercutting for 14(28), and single incision wit.h apocrine gland undercutt,ing for 49 (98). The results were summarized as follows : 1. Of the 74 axillae treated by elliptical excision, one occurred recurrence, and 1.7 showed complication, hematoma in 6, infection and delayed union in 4, each necrosis and severe scar in one each, 2. Of the 28 axillae treated by bipedicle incision with apocrine gland undercutting, 6 showed complication; hematoma in 4, infection and delayed union in one each 3. Of t..he 98 axillae treated by single incision with apocrine gland undercutting, 5 showed complication, hematoma in 3, infection and delayed union in one each In conclusion, single incision with apocrine gland undercutting was found to be more excellent compared with the other surgical methods.
Apocrine Glands ; Axilla ; Cicatrix ; Dermatology ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Panax*

Recently, surmountable amounts of genes are being cloned without information about them and it has become neccessary to develop new techniques for discovering genes with more informaiion like as chromosomal location and possible functions. We have developed one such a method and applied it to search for genes that may be related with the neural development. The mRNAs were extracted from cerebral cortex of 18 week old human fetus, cDNAs were made by reverse transcription from these mRNAs and Uni-amp cDNAs having Uni-amp adapters at both ends were made for subsequent PCR. To observe the distribution of the Uni-amp cDNAs on the chromosome, fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed with biotin labeled Uni-amp cDNAs. Among the chromosome bands showing strong hybridization with the cDNAs, 7q22 was microdissected from the chromosome hybridized with unlabeled Uni-amp cDNAs and amplified by PCR with Uni-amp primers. These amplified cDNA fragment were subcloned to vectors and the nucleic acid sequences were analysed. As a result, 46 different clones were obtained. They were categorized as 12 clones of well characterized genes, 14 clones showing low homology with known genes, 13 clones of simply registered uncharacterized human cDNAs, 7 clones of unknown genes. In situ hybridization histochemistry of 34 novel genes, except 12 known genes, were performed on developing and adult rat tissue sections to see the tissue specificity and developmental expression of these genes. The expression of several novel genes were restricted to the nervous system. From these results, it may be suggested that our technique is very useful to clone the genes expressed in the developing human braine with confirmed chromosomal location. In addition, this cloning technique can be used to discover the new genes related with neural development in combination with functional screening methods.
Adult ; Animals ; Biotin ; Brain ; Cerebral Cortex ; Clone Cells ; Cloning, Organism ; DNA, Complementary* ; Fetus ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Mass Screening ; Microdissection ; Nervous System ; Organ Specificity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rats ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger

OBJECTIVES: This study developed an integrated database for 15 regional biobanks that provides large quantities of high-quality bio-data to researchers to be used for the prevention of disease, for the development of personalized medicines, and in genetics studies. METHODS: We collected raw data, managed independently by 15 regional biobanks, for database modeling and analyzed and defined the metadata of the items. We also built a three-step (high, middle, and low) classification system for classifying the item concepts based on the metadata. To generate clear meanings of the items, clinical items were defined using the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms, and specimen items were defined using the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes. To optimize database performance, we set up a multi-column index based on the classification system and the international standard code. RESULTS: As a result of subdividing 7,197,252 raw data items collected, we refined the metadata into 1,796 clinical items and 1,792 specimen items. The classification system consists of 15 high, 163 middle, and 3,588 low class items. International standard codes were linked to 69.9% of the clinical items and 71.7% of the specimen items. The database consists of 18 tables based on a table from MySQL Server 5.6. As a result of the performance evaluation, the multi-column index shortened query time by as much as nine times. CONCLUSIONS: The database developed was based on an international standard terminology system, providing an infrastructure that can integrate the 7,197,252 raw data items managed by the 15 regional biobanks. In particular, it resolved the inevitable interoperability issues in the exchange of information among the biobanks, and provided a solution to the synonym problem, which arises when the same concept is expressed in a variety of ways.
Biological Specimen Banks ; Classification ; Data Collection ; Genetics ; Korea* ; Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes ; Precision Medicine ; Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine

OBJECTIVES: This study developed an integrated database for 15 regional biobanks that provides large quantities of high-quality bio-data to researchers to be used for the prevention of disease, for the development of personalized medicines, and in genetics studies. METHODS: We collected raw data, managed independently by 15 regional biobanks, for database modeling and analyzed and defined the metadata of the items. We also built a three-step (high, middle, and low) classification system for classifying the item concepts based on the metadata. To generate clear meanings of the items, clinical items were defined using the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms, and specimen items were defined using the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes. To optimize database performance, we set up a multi-column index based on the classification system and the international standard code. RESULTS: As a result of subdividing 7,197,252 raw data items collected, we refined the metadata into 1,796 clinical items and 1,792 specimen items. The classification system consists of 15 high, 163 middle, and 3,588 low class items. International standard codes were linked to 69.9% of the clinical items and 71.7% of the specimen items. The database consists of 18 tables based on a table from MySQL Server 5.6. As a result of the performance evaluation, the multi-column index shortened query time by as much as nine times. CONCLUSIONS: The database developed was based on an international standard terminology system, providing an infrastructure that can integrate the 7,197,252 raw data items managed by the 15 regional biobanks. In particular, it resolved the inevitable interoperability issues in the exchange of information among the biobanks, and provided a solution to the synonym problem, which arises when the same concept is expressed in a variety of ways.
Biological Specimen Banks ; Classification ; Data Collection ; Genetics ; Korea* ; Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes ; Precision Medicine ; Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine

The meningitis occur within a closed anatomic space, so they have many similar clinical features and characteristic CSF abnormalities. But the temporal profile of many meningitis is distinctive from aseptic meningitis with spontaneous remission to bacterial or tuberculous meningitis with fatal outcome without treatment. Therefore early accurate differential diagnosis is required. The development of diagnostic tools and treatment, and increase of immunodeficient state and resistant pathogens have changed the distribution of main pathogens of meningitis from the past. Therefore we analyzed 241 medical records with final diagnosis as 'infectious meningitis' to evaluate the distribution of pathogens in Korea and any differential points of clinical, laboratory, and radiologic, profile according to etiology. 1. The etiologic distributions were followings, Aseptic meningitis in 100 patient(41.5%), tuberculous meningitis in 58 patients(24.1%), bacterial meningitis in 48 patients(19.9%), and fungal in 16 patients(6.6%). 2. The intense seasonal occurrence was noted in aseptic meningitis with summer. 3. Fever and headache were noted in almost all patients Altered mental status were noted in 39.6% of bacterial meningitis, 53.41% of tuberculous meningitis but not in fungal and aseptic meningitis. Meningeal irritation signs were noted in less patients(25%) with fungal meningitis but in more with aseptic, bacterial or tuberculous meningitis m 52-66.7%. Most of all focal neurologic signs were present in bacterial or tuberculous meningitis. 4. Many immunocompromized patients had fungal meningitis, three of which showed normal CSF leukocyte counts And it pointed up the importance of intensive etiologic evaluation in immunodeficient patients with clinically suspected symptoms of meningitis. 5. CSF findings at admission were following. CSF leukocytes were mean 206-258/yL in aseptic, tuberculous or fungal meningitis. But in bacterial meningitis leukocyte counts were greater than 1,000/mL in mom than half of patients. The differential counts of leukocytes were monocyte predominant except in bacterial meningitis. The reductions of CSF sugar were noted in bacterial, tuberculous, or fungal meningitis. Characteristically all patients with extremely low CSF sugar(less than 10mg/dL) had bacterial meningitis. 6. The most frequent pathologic findings in neuroimaging study were hydrocephalus(20patients: 9.1%) and meningeal enhancement(19patient,: 8.6%). Small enhancing mass(8patients: 3.6%.) and focal infarction(8patients: 3.6%) were noted less frequently. These abnormal radiologic findings were noted in 2 patients(2.0%) with aseptic meningitis, 15 patients(38.7%) with bacterial meningitis, 29 patients(50.0%) with tuberculous meningitis and 5 patients(35.7%) with fungal meningitis.
Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fatal Outcome ; Fever ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; Medical Records ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; Meningitis, Fungal ; Monocytes ; Neuroimaging ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Remission, Spontaneous ; Seasons ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

We herein report three cases of pararneatal urethral cyst, which developed on the male urethral meatus. These cysts occurred since birth or childhood, and did not interfere with urinary of sexual function. Histologically, these cysts were lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with variable thickness. No recurrence was evident after simple excision.
Epithelium ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition ; Recurrence