1.A New Method for Investigation of the Hair Shaft: Hard X-Ray Microscopy with a 90-nm Spatial Resolution.
Soo Young JEON ; Ja Woong GOO ; Seung Phil HONG ; Tak Heon OH ; Hwa Shik YOUN ; Won Soo LEE
Yonsei Medical Journal 2008;49(2):337-340
Various methods have been used to investigate the hair shaft. In the ultrastructural hair field, scanning and transmission electron microscopies are widely used investigative methods, but they have some technical limitations. Recently, X-ray microscopes with sub-micron spatial resolution have emerged as useful instruments because they offer a unique opportunity to observe the interior of an undamaged sample in greater detail. In this report, we examined damaged hair shaft tips using hard X-ray microscopy with a 90 nm spatial resolution. The results of this study suggest that hard X-ray microscopy is an alternative investigative method for hair morphology studies.
Adult
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Female
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Hair/*pathology
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Humans
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Microscopy/instrumentation/*methods
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Reproducibility of Results
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*X-Rays
2.Synchrotron Radiation Imaging of Female Breast Tissues Using Phase Contrast Technique.
Young Ju JEONG ; Jin Gu BONG ; Hong Tae KIM ; Jong Ki KIM ; Sang Hoon JHEON ; Hwa Shik YOUN ; Sung Hwan PARK
Journal of Breast Cancer 2008;11(1):40-44
PURPOSE: X-ray microscopy with synchrotron radiation might be a useful tool for novel x-ray imaging in the clinical and laboratory settings. This technique provides detailed images of internal structures non-invasively. It also has the potential to resolve some of the limitations of conventional breast imaging. We evaluated high resolution synchrotron imaging of breast tissues from normal breasts and breasts with fibroadenomas and cancer. METHODS: A new x-ray microscope was installed on the 1B2 beamline of a Pohang Light Source, at a third generation synchrotron radiation facility in Pohang, Korea. The phase contrast x-ray energy was set at 6.95 keV and the x-ray beam was monochromatized by a W/B4C monochromator. Formalinfixed or unfixed female breast tissue from normal breast as well as breasts with fibroadenomas and carcinoma were attached onto the Kapton film. The sample was positioned 25 m away from the beam source. The x-ray image of the sample was converted into a visual image on the CsI (TI) scintillation crystal, and magnified 20 times by the microscopic objective lens. After an additional 10 fold digital magnification, this visual image was captured by a full frame CCD camera. RESULTS: The monochromated x-ray microscopic images of female breast tissue from normal breast, fibroadenoma and carcinoma cases were evaluated. The total magnifying power of the microscope was x200. This synchrotron radiation imaging enabled us to observe detailed structures of breast tissue without sample preparation such as staining or fixation. CONCLUSION: Using monochromated synchrotron radiation, the x-ray microscopic images of the normal breast and breasts with fibroadenomas and cancer were obtained. From the images obtained, the x-ray microscopic imaging of breast tissue with synchrotron radiation appears to have great potential for clinical and research purposes such as oncology studies, early detection of cancer and as an aid to the pathological diagnosis in the future.
Breast
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Early Detection of Cancer
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Female
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Fibroadenoma
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Humans
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Korea
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Light
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Microscopy
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Synchrotrons
3.Prevalence of Bartonella henselae and Bartonella clarridgeiae in cats and dogs in Korea.
You seok KIM ; Kyoung won SEO ; Jong hwa LEE ; Eun wha CHOI ; Hee woo LEE ; Cheol yong HWANG ; Nam shik SHIN ; Hee jeong YOUN ; Hwa young YOUN
Journal of Veterinary Science 2009;10(1):85-87
Blood, saliva, and nail samples were collected from 54 dogs and 151 cats and analyzed for the presence of Bartonella henselae with a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Bartonella (B.) henselae was detected in feral cat blood (41.8%), saliva (44.1%), and nail (42.7%) samples. B. henselae was also detected in pet cat blood (33.3%), saliva (43.5%), and nail (29.5%) samples and in pet dog blood (16.6%), saliva (18.5%), and nail (29.6%) samples. Nine samples were infected with B. clarridgeiae and 2 were co-infected with B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae of blood samples of dogs. This report is the first to investigate the prevalence of B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae in dogs and cats in Korea, and suggests that dogs and cats may serve as potential Bartonella reservoirs.
Animals
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Bartonella/*classification
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Bartonella Infections/blood/epidemiology/microbiology/*veterinary
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Cat Diseases/blood/epidemiology/*microbiology
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Cats
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Disease Reservoirs/veterinary
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Dog Diseases/epidemiology/*microbiology
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Dogs
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Hoof and Claw/microbiology
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Korea/epidemiology
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Prevalence
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Saliva/microbiology
4.An Autochthonous Case of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Korea.
Dong Ha BHANG ; Ul Soo CHOI ; Hyun Jeong KIM ; Kyoung Oh CHO ; Sung Shik SHIN ; Hee Jeong YOUN ; Cheol Yong HWANG ; Hwa Young YOUN
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2013;51(5):545-549
A 12-year-old spayed female mixed-bred dog presented with nasal bleeding of 2 days duration and a skin nodule in the left flank. No abnormalities were found in coagulation profiles and blood pressure. Cytological evaluation of the nodule revealed numerous characteristic round organisms having a nucleus and a bar within macrophages and in the background, consistent with leishmaniasis. In vitro culture was unsuccessful but PCR of the nodular aspirate identified the organisms as Leishmania infantum, and the final diagnosis was canine leishmaniasis. No history of travel to endemic countries was noted. Because the dog had received a blood transfusion 2 years before the illness, serological screening tests were performed in all donor dogs of the commercial blood bank using the commercial Leishmania ELISA test kit, and there were no positive results. Additional 113 dogs with hyperglobulinemia from Seoul were also screened with the same kits but no positive results were obtained. To the best of the author's knowledge this is the first autochthonous case of canine leishmaniasis in Korea.
Animals
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Base Sequence
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DNA, Protozoan/chemistry/genetics
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DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics
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Dog Diseases/*diagnosis/epidemiology
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Dogs
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
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Female
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Giant Cells/pathology
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Leishmania infantum/genetics/immunology/*isolation & purification
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Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis/*veterinary
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
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Protozoan Proteins/genetics
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Republic of Korea
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Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary
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Serologic Tests/veterinary
5.Detection of betanodaviruses in apparently healthy aquarium fishes and invertebrates.
Dennis Kaw GOMEZ ; Dong Joo LIM ; Gun Wook BAECK ; Hee Jeong YOUN ; Nam Shik SHIN ; Hwa Young YOUN ; Cheol Yong HWANG ; Jun Hong PARK ; Se Chang PARK
Journal of Veterinary Science 2006;7(4):369-374
Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in cultured marine fish. A total of 237 apparently healthy aquarium fish, marine (65 species) and freshwater (12 species) fishes and marine invertebrates (4 species), which were stocked in a commercial aquarium in Seoul, South Korea, were collected from November 2005 to February 2006. The brains of the fish and other tissues of the invertebrates were examined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR to detect betanodavirus. Positive nested PCR results were obtained from the brains of 8 marine fish species (shrimp fish Aeoliscus strigatus, milkfish Chanos chanos, three spot damsel Dascyllus trimaculatus, Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, pinecone fish Monocentris japonica, blue ribbon eel Rhinomuraena quaesita, look down fish Selene vomer, yellow tang Zebrasoma flavesenes), 1 marine invertebrate species (spiny lobster Pamulirus versicolor), and 2 freshwater fish species (South American leaf fish Monocirrhus polyacanthus and red piranha Pygocentrus nattereri). The detection rate in nested PCR was 11/237 (4.64%). These subclinically infected aquarium fish and invertebrates may constitute an inoculum source of betanodaviruses for cultured fishes in the Korean Peninsula.
Animals
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Crustacea
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Fish Diseases/epidemiology/*virology
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Fishes
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Korea/epidemiology
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Nodaviridae/genetics/*isolation & purification
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RNA Virus Infections/epidemiology/*veterinary/virology
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RNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
6.3-week-scheduled combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Seok Hyun KIM ; Gyeong Won LEE ; Ji Hyang YOON ; Ki Shik SHIM ; Young Mi LEE ; Do Youn KANG ; Jeong Rang PARK ; Jung Hwa JUNG ; Min Khi SHIN ; Yi Yeong JEONG ; Ho Cheol KIM ; Won Sup LEE ; Jong Duk LEE ; Young Sil HWANG ; Jong Seok LEE ; Joung Soon JANG
Korean Journal of Medicine 2004;66(1):58-66
BACKGROUND: The combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin has been proven effective in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the optimal schedule for administration of the two drugs has not yet been determined. We therefore started a phase II trial to evaluate efficacy, toxicity and dose intensity (DI) as three-week scheduled chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin. METHODS: Between October 2000 and March 2003, a total of 56 patients with stage IIIB and IV NSCLC were enrolled in this study. Treatment schedule consisted of gemcitabine 1200 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 8, and cisplatin 80 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 of each chemotherapy cycle followed by two weeks of rest. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were evaluable in response and adverse effects in this study. The median DI was 529 mg/m2/week for gemcitabine (66%) and 22 mg/m2/week for cisplatin (83%). Partial response was observed in 23 patients. The overall response rate was 47.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], range from 33.6% to 61.9%). Anemia and thrombocytopenia were the main hematologic adverse effects, with 8.3% and 8.3% of patients experiencing grade III to IV toxicity, respectively. The median survival time was 11.78 months (95% CI, range from 8.59 to 14.97months). No significant differences in response rate were observed according to sex, age, histology and DI of gemcitabine and cisplatin. CONCLUSION: The 3-week-scheduled combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin has feasibility to treat advanced stage IIIB and IV NSCLC with modest adverse effects. The regimen deserves further evaluaton in a phase III prospective randomized trial.
Anemia
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Appointments and Schedules
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
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Cisplatin*
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Drug Therapy
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Drug Therapy, Combination*
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Humans
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Thrombocytopenia
7.Current Awareness and Use of the Strain Echocardiography in Routine Clinical Practices: Result of a Nationwide Survey in Korea.
Ju Hee LEE ; Jae Hyeong PARK ; Seung Woo PARK ; Woo Shik KIM ; Il Suk SOHN ; Jung Yeon CHIN ; Jung Sun CHO ; Ho Joong YOUN ; Hae Ok JUNG ; Sun Hwa LEE ; Seong Hwan KIM ; Wook Jin CHUNG ; Chi Young SHIM ; Jin Won JEONG ; Eui Young CHOI ; Se Joong RIM ; Jang Young KIM ; Kye Hun KIM ; Joon Han SHIN ; Dae Hee KIM ; Ung JEON ; Jung Hyun CHOI ; Yong Jin KIM ; Seung Jae JOO ; Ki Hong KIM ; Kyoung Im CHO ; Goo Yeong CHO
Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2017;25(3):91-97
BACKGROUND: Because conventional echocardiographic parameters have several limitations, strain echocardiography has often been introduced in clinical practice. However, there are also obstacles in using it in clinical practice. Therefore, we wanted to find the current status of awareness on using strain echocardiography in Korea. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide survey to evaluate current use and awareness of strain echocardiography from the members of the Korean Society of Echocardiography. RESULTS: We gathered total 321 questionnaires from 25 cardiology centers in Korea. All participants were able to perform or interpret echocardiographic examinations. All participating institutions performed strain echocardiography. Most of our study participants (97%) were aware of speckle tracking echocardiography and 185 (58%) performed it for clinical and research purposes. Two-dimensional strain echocardiography was the most commonly used modality and left ventricle (LV) was the most commonly used cardiac chamber (99%) for clinical purposes. Most of the participants (89%) did not think LV strain can replace LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in their clinical practice. The common reasons for not performing routine use of strain echocardiography was diversity of strain measurements and lack of normal reference value. Many participants had a favorable view of the future of strain echocardiography. CONCLUSION: Most of our study participants were aware of strain echocardiography, and all institutions performed strain echocardiography for clinical and research purposes. However, they did not think the LV strain values could replace LVEF. The diversity of strain measurements and lack of normal reference values were common reasons for not using strain echocardiography in clinical practice.
Cardiology
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Echocardiography*
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Heart Ventricles
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Korea*
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Reference Values