In these days, there are two main ways in the treatment of the avascular necrosis of the femoral head in adult by prosthetic replscement; total hip replacement and bipolar endoprosthesis. So far, no study has been performed on the post-operative functional evaluation of them. Therefore it is difficult to decide which one is preferred to the other in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in adult. In order to evaluate the functions of the prosthetic joints, the authors reviewed the results of 18 cases of cementless bipolar endoprosthesis(abbreviated as CBE) and 22 csses of cementless total hip replscement arthroplasty(abbreviated as CTHRA), performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, during the period from February, 1984 to May, 1986. The following results were obtained. 1. The average ages of CBE and CTHRA groups at the time of operation were 48.5 years and 37.5 years, respectively. 2. The average follow-ups of CBE and CTHRA were 15.7 months and 30.5 months, respectively. 3. By Meyer's modification of Marcus and Enneking classification, the sverage stages of CBE and CTHRA groups were 3.7 and 4.4 respectively. 4. According to Harris hip rating score system, Harris scores were increased as much as 30.5 in CBE group and 30.6 in CTHRA group. 5. In the aspects of functional improvement and relief of pain, the two groups showed no significant difference. However, the operation was essier, and the damage to the acetabular bone was less in CBE group. For these reasons, CBE was believed to be the preferred choice of treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head in adult.
Acetabulum ; Adult ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Seoul

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome(NMS) is an uncommon but potentially fatal idiosyncratic reaction to neuroleptics, characterized by muscular rigidity, fever, autonomic dysfunction, and altered consciousness. The major theories to explain NMS is central dopaminergic blockade, but it is unclear. Risperidone is a new antipsychotic drug, a benzisoxazole derivative that blocks dopamine D2 receptor and serotonin type 2 receptor. The comparatively greater serotonin-blocking activity is believed to give risperidone the specific property of not causing any more extrapyramidal side effects than conventional antipsychotics at the optimal dose of 4-8mg/day. It is postulated that risperidone is unlikely to cause NMS. Here, we report a case of risperidone induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Consciousness ; Fever ; Muscle Rigidity ; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome* ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Risperidone ; Serotonin

No abstract available.
Anus, Imperforate*

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Vulva

Iatrogenic esophageal perforation is very rare in pediatric patients. Preterm infants or low birth weight babies are more susceptible to esophageal perforation due to performing frequent tracheal intubation and/or gastric tube installation. When perforation occurs, it may present as pneumothorax and pulmonary interstitial emphysema. However, isolated pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax is a rare finding. Furthermore, the mediastinitis after esophageal perforation is rare complication, but it can be a critical complication. Therefore, making an immediate and precise diagnosis as well as instituting proper treatment of esophageal perforation and mediastinitis are important. To the best of our knowledge, few reports have described mediastinitis after pneumomediastinum that was secondary to esophageal perforation. We describe here the radiologic findings of a rare case of mediastinitis after pneumomediastinum in a preterm infant with esophageal perforation.
Diagnosis ; Emphysema ; Esophageal Perforation* ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Intubation ; Mediastinal Emphysema* ; Mediastinitis* ; Pneumothorax

To evaluate characteristic CT findings of orbital pseudotumor and to define differentialpoints from other pathology, the authors retrospectively reviewed CT of 19 patients who were prooen to have orbital pseudotumor by clinical course and, in some cases, biopsy. A variety of CT findings including extraocular muscle thickening(11 cases), streaky infiltration of retroorbital fat(11 cases), mass formation(10 cases), optic nerve thickening (6 cases), conjunctival thickening (5 cases), scleral thickening(4cases), enlarged lacrimal gland(4 cases) and destruction of orbital bone (2 cases) were observed. Thickening of the anterior portion and irregular margin were characteristic findings of extraocular muscle and optic nerve lesions. Mass formation predominantly occurs in the anterior portion of the orbit. In most cases more than two orbital structures are involved by lesion.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit* ; Orbital Pseudotumor* ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies

Morphological changes of hepatic microcirculation, especially in the peribiliary plexus, in cirrhotic livers of rats induced by repeated intraperitoneal injections of N-diethyinitrosamine (DEN) (100mg/kg/week) were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Control rats were treated with saline. The livers were perfused with saline and injected with methyl-methacrylated resin (Mercox CL-2B) through the thoracic aorta. Diffuse nodular changes mimicking human cirrhosis were seen in the livers six weeks after injections of DEN. The cirrhotic livers showed an increase of vascular channels composed mainly of venous branches around the regenerating nodules and increased arterioloportal anastonloses. Peribiliary plexi of the cirrhotic livers had more vessels than those of the controls. Many dilated veins and ramificating portal vein branches were also Present. Direct connections between peribiliary plexi and sinusoids or between peribiliary plexi and portal veins were increased in the cirrhotic liver. These results suggest that the peribiliary plexi in experimentally induced cirrhotic liver might play a role in a collateral circulation under a state of portal hypertension.
Humans ; Rats ; Animals

The presence of epicanthal folds in Asian eyelids is one of their unique features, in combination with the lack of supratarsal folds. Western culture has influenced many people to prefer to eliminate the prominent epicanthal fold. A number of surgical techniques have been suggested for their correction. However, difficulty with design, excessive and prominent scarring of medial canthal and nasal area, recurrence, and rigidity of application are potential problems associated with many procedures. This paper describes a epicanthoplasty with three-dimensional Z-plasty. Through epicanthal fold incision, the medial canthal tecdon is medially advanced and sutured to the periosteum of nasal bone. After the transposition of the flaps, trimming of the flap is usually required. Three-dimensional Z-plasty crates the attactive eyes. From March, 1995 to March, 1997, the technique was applied to 37 patients with epicanthal fold and was performed with or without double-fold operation. There were 34 females and 3 males with ages ranging from 17 to 30 years. Through 2 years follow-up, this techniques has delivered esthetically good results with minimal postoperative scar and could made the reduction of ICD from 40 +/- 2.13mm to 34 +/- 1.98mm. The advantages of epicanthoplasty procedure using three-dimensional Z-plasty(Yoon's method) are as follows; 1) simple in design 2) minimal postoperative scar in the medial canthal area 3) versatile in its application 4) no recurrence 5) no hypertrophic scar 6) preserving ethnic identity.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cicatrix ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Eyelids ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Bone ; Periosteum ; Recurrence

The CYP11A1 gene encodes for the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), which initiates steroid hormone biosynthesis. Defective P450scc activity results in severe glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiencies. We describe a case of P450scc deficiency due to a novel homozygous CYP11A1 variant inherited from the mother with a possibility of uniparental disomy (UPD). The patient was a female, had no family history of endocrine disease, and showed adrenal insufficiency at 13 days of age. Hormonal analysis with an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test showed both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiencies, presumed to be a defect of the early stage of steroidogenesis. Exome sequencing reported a novel homozygous frameshift variant of CYP11A1 (c.284_285del, p.Asn95Serfs*10), which was inherited from the mother.Additionally, homozygosity in 15q22.31q26.2, which included CYP11A1, was identified using a chromosomal microarray. It was suggested that the possibility of maternal UPD was involved as the cause of a P450scc deficiency by unmasking the maternally derived affected allele. To our understanding, P450scc deficiency associated with UPD encompassing CYP11A1 had not been reported in Korea before. Genetic analysis can help diagnose rare causes of primary adrenal insufficiency, including P450scc deficiency.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Seoul*