No abstract available.
Copper* ; Humans* ; Milk, Human* ; Zinc*

The authors have analysed 39 rheumatoid wrists in 25 rheumatoid patients, who underwent vsrious surgeries including arthroscopic and open synovectomy, partial and total arthrodesis and total wrist arthroplasty at the department of orthopaedic surgery, St. Mary's Hospital from November 1985 to April 1988, and the effect of eaeh surgery on the wrist function and proper time of operation are discussed. The results were as follows; 1. The patients who were classified as a classical rheumatoid arthritis according to the ARA criteria were four males and twenty-one females, with a mean age of 43 yesrs, and the functional capacity of the patients before operation was graded in III for twenty-threeand in IV for two patients. 2. Out of 25 patients (39 wrists), 14 patients are in bilateral and II patients in unilateral involvement. The synovectomy in 13 wrists, arthrodesis in 24 wrists and total joint replacement in 2 wrists were performed and followed them for average 17 months after operation. 3. The synovectomy were done for 13 wrists in grade II and III according to the classification of rheumstoid arthritis by radiology(3). There were two cases of recurrence in the cases of synovectomy, but not in replacement and arthrodesis. 4. The arthrodesis of wrist was performed for 24 wrists-bilateral arthrodesis in 3 patient (6 wrists) and unilateral fusion in 18 patients. For 4 cases out of 24 cases of wrist arthrodesis, the second and third carpo-metacsrpal joints were fused simultaneously. 5. Protek total wrist arthroplasty was done in 2 cases snd followed them for more than9 months with relatively good clinical results. Finally, it is our beliefs for rheumatoid wrists that surgery is often indicated to control the various wrist problems, early synovectomy is strongly indicated, and partial wrist fusion has proven to be effective in patients with moderate destruction, deformity and pain, but the total wrist arthrodesis and arthroplasty is still in controversy. The proper surgery for rheumatoid wrist should be determined by the clinical severity of disease and radiological changes of wrist.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Recurrence ; Wrist

No abstract available.
Granuloma* ; Intubation*

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the reporting rates of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) to the spontaneous reporting system (SRS) and its predictors among individuals with AEFIs after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. METHODS: A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted from December 2, 2021 to December 20, 2021, recruiting participants >14 days after completion of a primary COVID-19 vaccination series. Reporting rates were calculated by dividing the number of participants who reported AEFIs to the SRS by the total number of participants who experienced AEFIs. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with spontaneous AEFIs reporting. RESULTS: Among 2,993 participants, 90.9% and 88.7% experienced AEFIs after the first and second vaccine doses, respectively (reporting rates, 11.6 and 12.7%). Furthermore, 3.3% and 4.2% suffered moderate to severe AEFIs, respectively (reporting rates, 50.5 and 50.0%). Spontaneous reporting was more prevalent in female (aOR, 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 1.81); those with moderate to severe AEFIs (aOR, 5.47; 95% CI, 4.45 to 6.73), comorbidities (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.57), a history of severe allergic reactions (aOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.47 to 2.77); and those who had received mRNA-1273 (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.49) or ChAdOx1 (aOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.30) vaccines versus BNT162b2. Reporting was less likely in older individuals (aOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99 per 1-year age increment). CONCLUSIONS Spontaneous reporting of AEFIs after COVID-19 vaccination was associated with younger age, female sex, moderate to severe AEFIs, comorbidities, history of allergic reactions, and vaccine type. AEFIs under-reporting should be considered when delivering information to the community and in public health decision-making.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term effects of Hospital Information System(HIS) on nurses' job pattern and satisfaction, and attitudes toward electronic medical record system. METHODS: Prospective survey using repeated measures design was performed to compare the changes between 2 years and 4 years after introduction of HIS in a tertiary hospital. Participants were 374 nurses working in the target hospital. Questionnaire was developed by researchers based on Walker, Eyman, Krall, Prophet, and Flanagan(1996)'s study and consisted of 21 questions about job pattern, job satisfaction, and attitudes toward computerization and paper record system. RESULTS: Overall time for documentation, shift reporting, communication with other departments were reduced. Otherwise, direct nursing time was not increased after HIS. Nurses showed positive responses on changes of job pattern after HIS while job satisfaction has been decreased. In addition, nurses' attitudes toward hospital information system and paper medical record system showed they were accepting computerized information system. CONCLUSION: This study identified the long-term positive effects of HIS and the need for nursing sensitive hospital information system.
Electronic Health Records ; Hospital Information Systems* ; Information Systems ; Job Satisfaction ; Medical Records ; Nursing ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tertiary Care Centers

rpoB, which encodes the B subunit of RNA polymerase, is related to rifampin resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Escherichia coli. We determined the nucleotide sequences (346 bp) of rpoB gene from 25 Korean isolates of Helicobacter pylori. These nucleotide sequences were aligned and compared with H. pylori 26695 strain. No insertions or deletions were observed in all H. pylori strains. In the phylogenetic tree constructed by UPGMA method, 26 strains of H. pylori were separated into four clusters. Deduced amino acid sequences of amplified rpoB DNA comprised 115 amino acid residues. Twenty six H. pylori strains could be divided into 5 groups by the signature amino acid sequences. Two strains isolated from the same patient showed different nucleotide sequences. These results suggest that the sequences of rpoB are also highly divergent in H. pylori isolates and are useful for the epidemiologic study.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Escherichia coli ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Rifampin

Cytologic findings from five cases with variable types of Hodgkin's disease were reviewed with special emphasis on the Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cells and their variants, Typical R-S and Hodgkin's cells were mono- or binucleated, and nuclei had rounded smooth con- tour. Acidophilic prominent nucleoli with perinucleolar halo were conspicuous. In comparison to typical Reed-Sternberg cells, L & H (lymphocytic and histiocytic) cells in the lymphocyte predominant type tended to show pop-corn like irregular nuclear contour and to lack the prominent nucleoli. Lacunar cells in the nodular sclerosis type had multilobated nuclei with prominent acidophilic nucleoli. There was no prominent perinucleolar halo in L & H and lacunar cells. In conjuction with the number of Reed-Sternberg cells and back ground findings observed on the smears, the characteristic features of R-S cells and their variants allowed to make typing of Hodgkin's disease.
Epidemiologic Studies* ; Hodgkin Disease ; Lymphocytes ; Multiple Myeloma ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Reed-Sternberg Cells ; Sclerosis

PURPOSE: The superiority of breast-feeding to artificial feeding of infants aged 6 months or less has been well established. Due to the low rate of breast-feeding in our 1994 hospital survey we recommended and educated about breast-feeding to mothers who delivered in our hospital since January 1995. The purpose of this survey is to assess if the rate of breast-feeding increased in our hospital thereafter. METHODS: One hundred twenty-five infant born at National Medical Center (NMC) after January 1. 1995 were surveyed through questionnaire about breast feeding at the well-baby clinic of pediatric department of NMC from May, 1996 to September, 1996. RESULTS: The rate of breast-feeding was 26.4% in the nursery after birth, 40.8% at 1 month of age. Breast-feeding at 1 month of age was more common among children fed breast milk in the nursery after birth (P<0.05), who initiated breast-feeding within 3 days of age (P<0.05), born by vaginal delivery (P<0.05) and positive maternal response to the guideline of breast-feeding (P<0.05). The decision of breast-feeding was made mainly by the mother and 12.0% were by doctor or nurse's suggestion. The main reason for giving up or failure of breast-feeding was "insufficient breast milk". CONCLUSION: Compared with baseline data surveyed in our hospital in 1994, breast-feeding at the nursery increased from 1.3% to 26.4% and at 1 month of age, increased from 35.1% to 40.8%. So recommendation for breast-feeding at hospitals is very important and may play a role to increase the rate of breast-feeding.
Breast ; Breast Feeding ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Nurseries ; Nutritional Support ; Parturition ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical manifestations, epidemiology and low vision rehabilitation results of the visually impaired registered in Seoul, Korea. METHODS: Using a randomized, stratified systematic sampling method, we selected 60 participants registered as visually impaired who lived in Seoul. Ophthalmologic examinations of these participants were performed by one ophthalmologist. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 55.0+/-11.6 years. The rank 6 was the most common visual disability degree (40.0%). Ocular trauma (21.3%), optic neuropathy (20.2%) and glaucoma (11.2%) were the most common causes for visual disability. The distribution ratios of low vision and blindness were 34.4+/-11.9% and 19.7+/-10.0%, respectively. Low vision rehabilitation was performed (low vision patients, n=17), and both near and distance visual acuities improved (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Low vision rehabilitation would be a great help to the visually impaired.
Blindness ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Korea ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; Vision, Low ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: To study the safety and efficacy of using rectangular titanium cage(RABEA) for anterior cervical fusion, we have compared the results of fusion performed by using fibula allograft and RABEA cage. METHODS: Total of 74 patients with single level cervical discectomy were included in this study. Allogenic fibula bone graft alone was done in 38 patients and RABEA cage was inserted in 36 patients. Retrospective clinical analysis was based on review the symptoms and radiological findings on both two groups at postoperative 12 months. RESULTS: Solid fusion was achieved in 95% of patients who received rectangular titanium cage and 74% of patients who received fibula allograft. According to Odom's criteria, 92% of patients were found to have excellent or good results in the RABEA cage group and 68% of patients in allograft group. Functional outcome was assessed according to Odom's criteria and patient's postoperative satisfaction index(PSI). Better clinical outcome and solid fusion could be achieved by rectangular titanium cage fusion than allogenic fibula graft after single level anterior cervical discectomy. CONCLUSION: We believe that RABEA cage is an effective and safe cervical fusion substitute for single level cervical fusion after discectomy.
Allografts* ; Diskectomy* ; Fibula* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Titanium* ; Transplants