Renal vein thrombosis is usually a complication of multiple underlying renal disease rather than primary process. High incidence of renal vein thrombosis in patients with nephritic syndrome, which suggest the nephrotic syndrome play a paramount role in the genesis of renal vein thrombosis or thromboembolic phenomena. But these are likely to relationship of “egg and chicken”, and then we cannot determine what is primary of these. Recently authors experienced a case that was questioned renal vein thrombosis with nephrotic-syndrome clinically, laboratory and preliminary radiologically, and this case in confirmed by selective left renal venography. Here we report a case of renal vein thrombosis with nephrotic syndrome which successfully managed with oral anticoagulants and reviewed literatures.
Anticoagulants ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Phlebography ; Renal Veins* ; Thrombosis

Angiosarcoma is rare disease not only in Korea but throughout the world; it is all the more so on the skin. We made an observation on a case of angiosarcoma on the scalp of a 57 year-old man. Noteworthy in this case are: (1) the patient was suffered from a head trauma 6 years prior to onset of the disease, (2) the progress of the disease showed an extreme rapidity accompanied by severe headache intolerable by any medication, (3) no effect was resulted from X-ray irradiation, and (4) the patient survived for 7 months with the disease.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Headache ; Hemangiosarcoma* ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Rare Diseases ; Scalp ; Skin

No abstract available.
Femoral Fractures*

Persistent trigeminal artery is an embryonic remnant of the anastomotic channel linking the internal carotid artery and the basilar artery. Cases of vertebrobasilar insufficiency caused by the persistent trigeminal artery with internal carotid artery stenosis has been described previously, but vertebrobasilar insufficiency entirely due to in situ stenosis of the persistent trigeminal artery has not been reported. A 71-year-old man presented with frequent dizzy episodes. The brain MRI showed no parenchymal lesions. MR angiography showed poor visualization of vertebrobasilar system. He was diagnosed as having vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Cerebral angiography revealed that there was complete occlusion at the vertebrobasilar junction, and the basilar artery was supplied by the persistent trigeminal artery which had severe stenosis at its origin. There was no stenosis of the internal carotid artery of both sides. We believe that this is the first report of vertebrobasilar insufficiency due to stenosed persistent trigeminal artery, without internal carotid artery stenosis.

No abstract available.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Osteotomy*

No Abstract Available.
Clone Cells* ; Cloning, Organism* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium*

Carotid angiography is a most important diagnostic procedure for investigation of intracranial lesions and for understanding the cerebral circulation. Of the cerebral arteries, only the posterior cerebral artery is, both functionally and anatomically, a border artery between the carotid and vertebral circulatory systems, so it is more important for an understanding of the cerebral circulation. Early in the development of the fetal circulation, the posterior cerebral artery arises from the internal carotid artery(carotid segment), with the connection to the basilar artery(basilar segment) developing later. In many cases, however, it derives its supply from both systems simultaneously. Angiographic demonstration of the posterior cerebral artery is influenced by certain pressure factors of the intracranial cavity and other technical factors, for example, site of puncture, needle size, injection time and force used and position of the head, ect. Here the author has analysed the factors of age, sex, puncture site and right of left side and a degree of hydrocephalus. Carotid angiography has been performed for definite indication, hence, no cerebral angiography has been performed on any entirely asymptomatic subject. The normal controls used in this investigation consist of angiographies done in subjects with symptoms but no evidence of vascular lesions or other abnormality. The author found a high incidence of the posterior cerebral arteries demonstrated in hydrocephalus, in spite of increased pressure and changed courses of the cerebral arteries. So, the cerebral arteriograms of normal cases are compared with those of hydrocephalic subjects and the chances of demonstrating the posterior cerebral artery in both groups are analysed. Engeset A.(1948), Saltzman(1959), Yasargil & Krayenbuhl(1964) and others reported the demonstration of the posterior cerebral artery but report of a relationship of the artery with hydrocephalus was not found. This study comprises 2,350 conventional carotid angiographies carried out from 1968 to 1973 in the neurosurgery department of Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Out of these 2,350 angiographies, 1,288 were normal and 160 were indicative of hydrocephalus. The incidence of angiographic demonstration of the posterior cerebral artery in normal Koreans is 34.2% and in hydrocephalus, 45.6%. This is a higher incidence than is reported in the literature concerning conventional carotid angiography. The number of cases where the posterior communicating artery alone was filled was so small that there was no point in separating them according to age and sex, etc. Generally the hydrocephalic group showed a higher incidence of the posterior cerebral and posterior communicating arteries than the normal group. In all cases, the effect of sex difference is not significant but the effect of age is. The posterior cerebral artery was more visible in the younger groups and occurred most frequently in the youngest group, while the incidence dropped slightly in the higher age groups, in both normal and hydrocephalus groups. Filling of the posterior cerebral arteries in subjects aged 10-30 is markedly more frequent than in the 40-60 age range in both the normal and hydrocephalus groups. The posterior cerebral artery was demonstrated in 148 out of 384(38.6%) internal carotid arteriograms and in 292 out of 904(32.3%) common carotid arteriograms. This difference is highly significant and is similar to the results of Saltzman(1959). No significance of the right or left side difference could be found. The increasing tendency of the filling of the posterior cerebral artery in the more severe forms of hydrocephalus compared with the milder types was noted. In this report, the statistical significance was evaluated by means of the z-test.
Angiography ; Arteries* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Arteries ; Head ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Incidence ; Korea ; Needles ; Neurosurgery ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Punctures ; Seoul ; Sex Characteristics

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Vulva

Neurocutaneous melanosis is a very rare congenital syndrome characterized by the presence of large or multiple congenital melanocytic nevi and benign or malignant melanotic tumors of the central nervous system. We report herein a case of neurocutaneous melanosis with leptomeningeal melanosis and a malignant melanoma of the right temporal lobe in a 46-year old man. The case is exceptional as regards the late onset of symptoms and death. Even without a malignant melanoma, the symptomatic neurocutaneous melanosis has a fatal course. The syndrome is rare but lethal, so the dermatologist should be aware of this syndrome when evaluating the patients with large or numerous congenital melanocytic nevi so as to watch for the usual signs of increased intracranial pressure and to take prompt palliative measures.
Central Nervous System ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Melanoma ; Melanosis* ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Temporal Lobe

5 bed sand filter, applying biological oxidation, was designed and studied on the treatment of water works. Never using any coagulant agent (drugs), which may cause water pollution in pre-treatment of head water, the author attempt a high rate filtration by the microorganism (nitrofication bacteria) end plant which populate in multi layer sand beds. The result are as follows ; In order to evaluate the oxygen effect on filtration, oxygen was injected in aeration tank attached to each filter tank while filtration, and NH3 was tested as a representative ingredient. It was found out that the aeration method was more effective, with over 33% of NH3 removal capacity, than the anerobic and this 5 bed filter showed double removal capacity of NH3 by comparing with conventional sand bed (2 stage bed). According to the examination of two kind of head water, pre-treated with coagulant agent and activated carben, the filtration capacity was affected by the polluted condition of head water, resulting that lower value of pollution and slower velocity of filtration showed more efficiency of NH3 removal. In this experiment NH3 content tested in treated water had a fairly good correlation with others.
Filtration ; Head ; Oxygen ; Plants ; Silicon Dioxide ; Water Pollution ; Water*