Objective To investigate the clinical effect of tiotropium combined with seretide in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma.Methods Ninety cases of bronchial asthma were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each group 45 cases.Control group was given seretide accuhaler.On the basis of control group,treatment group was given tiotropium inhalation powder spray treatment,18 μg each time,1 times a day.All patients were treated for 12 weeks.The pulmonary function changes,eosinophil cationic protein (ECP),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),the clinical effect and treatment satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,total effective rates in control group and treatment group were 82.22％ (37 cases/45 cases),97.78％ (44 cases/45 cases),with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in treatment and control groups were (1.46 ± 0.32),(1.08 ± 0.25) L,the levels of peak expiratory flow (PEF) were (4.35± 1.12),(3.77 ± 1.02) L · s-1,the levels of forced vital capacity (FVC) were(2.18 ±0.36)％,(1.71 ± 0.31) ％,all with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of ECP in treatment and control groups were (160.60 ± 20.30),(289.70 ± 25.60) ng · mL-1,the levels of IL-6 were (28.90 ± 5.70),(53.70 ± 8.80) pg · mL-1,the levels of TNF-α were (10.40 ± 2.30),(17.60 ± 3.10) ng · mL-1,all with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).The adverse drug reactions in treatment group were palpitations,hoarseness,with the incidence of 11.11％ (5 cases/45 cases).The adverse drug reactions in control group were hoarseness,with the incidence of 8.89％ (4 cases/45 cases),with no significance difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of tiotropium combined with seretide in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma is great,and can increase patients' treatment satisfaction.

OBJECTIVENaFeEDTA was considered as a promising iron fortificant for controlling iron deficiency anemia. Soy sauce is a suitable food carrier for iron fortification and is a popular condiment in China. Iron absorption rates of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 were observed and compared in adult female subjects.

METHODSThe stable isotope tracer method was used in Chinese females consuming a typical Chinese diet. Ten healthy young Chinese women were selected as subjects in the 15-day study. A plant-based diet was used based on the dietary pattern of adult women in the 1992 National Nutrition Survey. Six milligram of 54Fe in 54FeSO4 soy sauce and 3 mg 58Fe in Na58FeEDTA soy sauce were given to the same subjects in two days. Food samples and fecal samples were collected and analyzed.

RESULTSIron absorption rates of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 were 10.51% +/- 2.83 and 4.73% +/- 2.15 respectively. The 58Fe (NaFeEDTA) absorption was significantly higher than that of 54Fe (FeSO4) (P < 0.01). The iron absorption rate from NaFeEDTA was 1.2 times higher than that from FeSO4 in Chinese adult women consuming a typical Chinese diet.

CONCLUSIONThe higher absorption rate of NaFeEDTA suggested that NaFeEDTA would be a better iron fortificant used in soy sauce for the controlling of iron deficiency anemia in China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Edetic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Ferric Compounds ; pharmacokinetics ; Ferrous Compounds ; pharmacokinetics ; Food, Fortified ; Humans ; Iron ; pharmacokinetics ; Soy Foods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficiency of micro-implant anchorage (MIA) for posterior teeth intruded and the result of the treatment of scissors bite on one-side posterior teeth.

METHODSThe study included 3 females and 1 male. All the overextruding upper posterior teeth were intruded by the MIA. The micro-implant screws were inserted into the buccal and lingual alveolar hone of the maxillary posterior teeth or the buccal alveolar hone of mandibular posterior teeth. About 0.833 N force was used to intrude the overgrowthing upper posterior teeth, and about 0.559 N force was used to draw buecally the low posterior teeth tilting lingually.

RESULTSThe overextruding upper posterior teeth were intruded 2.0 mm on average, the low posterior teeth tilting lingually were upreared buccally. All the MIA screws kept stable during the treatment, but there was a slight inflammation around the implant screws.

CONCLUSIONMIA could be used as an efficient method to correct scissors bite on one-side posterior teeth with intruding overgrowth upper posterior teeth, or uprearing buccally the tilting low posterior teeth.

Bone Screws ; Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molar ; Open Bite ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; Tooth Movement Techniques

Objective:To investigate effects of bone-resorptive lesion on stress distribution of femoral head and on progression in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).Methods:From April 2014 to September 2018, a total of 155 femoral heads from 94 patients diagnosed with ARCO stage II and III ONFH were retrospectively reviewed, including 77 males and 17 females with aged 39.90±10.45 years old (ranged from 18-64 years). The hips were divided into two groups according to whether there were bone-resorptive lesions. Further, we compared whether there was statistical difference between the two groups in staging. Then, a case of ARCO II hip joint without bone-resorptive lesion was selected from the included patients. Six femoral head with different diameters of spherical bone-resorptive lesion of 5 mm, 7 mm, 10 mm, 14 mm, 18 mm, and 23 mm were simulated. The influence of bone-resorptive lesion on the stress distribution of necrotic area and a spherical shell extending 1 mm radially around the bone-resorptive lesion was investigated by finite element method in slow walking conditions.Results:Of the 155 ONFH hips, 67 hips are complicated by bone-resorptive lesions, of which 17 were ARCO II, 50 were ARCO III. A total of 88 hips did not contain bone-resorptive lesions, of which 58 were ARCO II, ARCO III 30 cases. The proportion of ARCO stage II in the group with bone-resorptive lesions was significantly higher than that in the group without bone-resorptive lesions (χ 2=25.03, P=0.000). The finite element stress distribution cloud diagram showed that there was a stress concentration area around the bone-resorptive lesions. The maximum von Mises stress around bone-resorptive lesions in the models that contained a synthetic bone-resorptive lesions were significantly higher than those reported in the matched, non-synthetic bone-resorptive lesions finite element models ( t=3.139, P=0.026). The values for maximum von Mises stress around bone-resorptive lesions were 6.94±1.78 MPa and 5.01±0.35 MPa for the group with synthetic bone-resorptive lesions and the group non-synthetic bone-resorptive lesions, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the diameter of bone-resorptive lesions and the maximum and mean von Mises stress of necrotic areas as well as the maximum von Mises stress around bone-resorptive lesions. Conclusion:Bone-resorptive lesions can increase the maximum stress and average stress in the necrotic area. The larger the bone-resorptive lesion, the more the stress increases. There is a stress concentration area around the bone-resorptive lesions, which may accelerate the collapse of the femoral head.

Objective To investigate the immunological level against influenza A (H1N1)2009 in Beijing and provide evidence to evaluate the developing trend of the disease. Methods Between Nov. 27,2009 and Dec. 23,2009, subjects were randomly selected from patients in hospitals (infectious and respiratory diseases related departments were excluded) ,volunteers in blood donation center and healthy subjects attending the physical examination center. Questionnaire survey was conducted and serum samples were collected to detect the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody against influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus. Results 856 subjects participated in this survey, and 127 showed positive HI antibody to this pandemic virus. The proportions of sero-positivity among 0-5 ,was no significant difference in the sero-positivity between males and females (P=0.693). The analysis, factors as age, acute respiratory symptoms and the rate of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 vaccination were significantly associated with sero-positivity of HI antibody to the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus. Conclusion Above 15% of the population in Beijing showed protective antibody against influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus, indicating the development of immunological barrier to this disease had been formed, to some extent.

Objective To analyze the results of detection on influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus in Beijing from May 2009 to December 2009 and to understand the epidemiologic characteristics during the pandemic period. Methods The study was conducted from the May 1 to December 27,2009. A total of 101 852 throat swab samples were detected with the real-time RT-PCR assay by the Beijing Network Laboratory. Data was statistically analyzed. Results 9843 samples showed influenza A (H1N1) 2009 positive, with an overall positive rate as 9.66%. In terms of the positive rates, they were 2.85% from May to June, 3.32% from July to August and 8.35% from September to October. The peak month fell in November (29.67%) and December (24.33%). The positive rates among the following subpopulations were: 8.40% among the suspected cases, 4.75% among close contact cases, 11.46% among the influenza-like illness cases and 7.33% among the cluster cases with fever. Positive cases mainly fell in age groups 5-14 and 15-24. The ratio of male to female was 1.5:1.Conclusion During the pandemic period of influenza A (H1N1) 2009, positive cases gradually increased during May to November but slowly decreasing in December.

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of different types of samples, including throat swabs, stools, bloods in pandemic A (H1N1) influenza diagnosis and virus shedding patterns.

METHODSFrom May to June in 2009, 135 samples were collected from 23 confirmed cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection, including 99 throat swabs, 14 stools, 11 bloods, 1 respiratory tract washing from 13 confirmed cases and 10 blood samples from other confirmed cases. The virus was detected by real-time RT-PCR, the antibody was detected by haemagglutination inhibition assay.

RESULTSFor 99 throat swabs of 13 patients, the median time of the first positive real-time RT-PCR was 1 day (ranged from 0 to 7 days) after the onset of the symptoms of illness; the median length of time duration of positive real-time RT-PCR results from throat swabs was 3 days (ranged from 1 to 15 days). Four cases intermittently released virus. One respiratory tract washing sample was positive. In 14 stools, 8 stools were real-time RT-PCR positive, the positive rate was 57.14%. The median time of the positive real-time RT-PCR was 3 days (ranged from 1 to 4 days) after the onset of the symptoms of illness. In 21 blood samples collected at 2 to 9 days of onset, 1 blood sample was real-time RT-PCR positive, the positive rate was 4.76%. All these 21 blood samples were antibody negative.

CONCLUSIONThroat swabs and stools samples can be used as A (H1N1) influenza early diagnosis. The length of time duration of positive real-time RT-PCR in throat swabs was longer than stool samples and intermittently releasing of virus were found in throat swabs. Influenza A H1N1 cases showed the presence of small amount of viremia and antibody was negative in early blood samples (< 9 days).

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Virus Shedding ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate epidemiologic and virological analysis of the outbreak of swine-origin H1N1 in Yanqing, Beijing. Methods Nasopharyngeal swab specimen were collected and adopted by real time RT-PCR to detect the swine-origin H1N1 neucleic acid. Furthermore, full length NA coding sequence were amplified with high fidelity DNA polymerase and then cloned into pCDNAII. Sequence and phylogenetic tree analysis were conducted. Results The major pathogen of this outbreak was newly emerged 2009 H1N1. NA sequence analysis showed this outbreak was caused by the same virus strain prevalent in other regions at the same period. It was shown that catalytic and glycosylation sites were highly conserved. Conclusion This outbreak was cause by the same swine-origin H1N1 virus strain. Furthermore,highly conserved catalytic and glycosylation sites of neuraminidase provides targets for the development of antiviral drugs.