No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Phototherapy*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors influencing the quality of life in Vietnamese married immigrant women in Korea. The factors included socio-demographic characteristics, spouse's support, and social support of Vietnamese married immigrant women. METHODS: A descriptive survey was conducted to collect data from 190 subjects during the period between May and June, 2015. The randomly sampled subjects answered a self-report questionnaire translated into Vietnamese. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21. RESULTS: The subjects' quality of life was found to be influenced by economic level, subjective perception of their own and spouse's health, Korean communication ability, spouse's support, and social support. The most influential factor for the quality of life was spouse's support, and next, subjective perception of their own health, Korean communication ability, and economic level in order of influence. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that social support programs should be customized to the subjects' characteristics in order for married immigrant women to adjust themselves to new Korean environments and to lead a high-qualitylife through the promotion of marital relationship, Korean communication ability, health status, and economic capability.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Communication ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Marriage ; Quality of Life* ; Vietnam

This study is the descriptive survey to provide basic data for nursing intervention to pain management of cancer patients by finding more effective way to manage pain with recognize pain level and pain characteristics. To achieve the purpose of this study, the subjects of this study are 110 male or female gastro intestinal tract patients who are older than twenty, are hospitalized in Pusan University Hospital from 1995. 5. 28 to 1995. 9. 25 and have had medical treatment. The modified pain assessment of cancer patients of Cornne, H. Rosermary, M. was used as the tool of study with 16 questionnaires. The pain score consists of sensory intensity score and distress score. The data was analyzed by the SPSS statistical program number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One Way Anova and Duncan's Multiple Range Test were utilized for analysis. The results were summarized as follows: 1. In population-sociological characteristics: in the age-range of subject, the sixties are most as 32.7% and the subjects after the forties are 89.5%, in sex of subjects, male patients are 66.4% and female 33.6%, in the number of family, the subjects who has 4 or above families are 70% and the subjects who live with their spouse, sons and daughters are 54.5% 2. In the disease characteristics: Stomach cancer patients were most as 39.1%. And the most of patient who had never been operated before. In time of pain, the most of subjects were intermittent. In the type of pain, the most of subjects were "dully pain" as 31.8%. Metastatic subjects were 30.0%. In the origin of pain, nervous pressure was 50.8%. The number of complication was 46 and most of complication are obstruction as 6%. 3. In the pain level, 91 subjects complained pain. And mean pain score was 287.1+/-116.1. The mean pain score of female subjects was higher than that of male subjects. 4. In the pain characteristics, the pain began usually at meal time as 40.7%. the duration of pain was mostly from 1 month to 3 months as 57.1%. The appetite was mainly concerned with the pain as 31.8%. The etiology of pain was usually tumor as 69.3%. The meaning of pain was incurable disease as 14.5%, anxiety, death and suffering. 5. The 56(61%) of 91 subjects were treated with Analgesic pain management. The kinds of Analgesic is usually valentac as 46.4%. The medication was usually intramuscle as 66.1% at whenever necessary. Response of Analgesic after Medication was usually "moderate release". The side effects of medication were nausea as 26.8%. The average amount of morphine dosage hospitalized to cancer patients with pain was 80mg in a day and metastatic cancer patients with pain was 101.9mg in a day. 6. In the relation between the disease characteristics and pain level, there is a significant statistical difference: Whether subjects had been operated or not: (t=2.88, P=0.005), time of pain is (t=3.34, P=0.005), stage of metastatic(F=9.323, P=0.0002), and type of pain(F=4.013, P=0.0008). In the pain level of diagnosis, Colon cancer was 353.3+/-81.7(F=2.34, P=0.049), the origin of pain, nerve pressure 316.3+/-98.5(F=2.44, P=0.045). In the complication, ascites and obstruction 324.9+/-96.8(T=2.60, P=0.04).
Anxiety ; Appetite ; Ascites ; Busan ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Morphine ; Nausea ; Neuralgia ; Nuclear Family ; Nursing ; Pain Management* ; Pain Measurement ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Spouses ; Stomach Neoplasms

A 79-year-old male patient presented with a continuous transsacral epidural block for the treatment of herpes zoster pain on the right Tll-12 and Ll dermatome levels. However, it was impossible to introduce the Tuohy needle below the subcutaneous tissue. By the C-arm image intensifier, flowing calcifications of the lumbar paravertebral ligaments, except L5-Sl interspace, were observed. Thus, an epidural approach was tried at the L5-Sl interspace, but the Tuohy needle was introduced in the subarachnoid space instead of the epidural space. After an X-ray of the whole spine, diffuse idiopathetic skeletal hyperostosis was diagnosed. The Tuohy needle was introduced into the sacral canal through the second posterior sacral foramen and the epidural catheter was inserted about 15cm in length cephalad through the needle. The pain was controlled by the injection of 1% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine every 3-4 hours continuously After 3 weeks this patient was discharged from hospital without any postherpetic sequelae.
Aged ; Bupivacaine ; Catheters ; Epidural Space ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Hyperostosis ; Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal* ; Lidocaine ; Ligaments ; Male ; Needles ; Spine ; Subarachnoid Space ; Subcutaneous Tissue

While pleural effusion in multiple myeloma is relatively infrequent, myelomatous pleural effusion is extremely rare. We experienced a 61-year-old woman with IgD-lambda multiple myeloma and pleural effusion. The diagnosis was made originally by pleural biopsy, pleural fluid cytology and immunoelectropheresis of pleural fluid. Transient improvement of the pleural effusion was observed after administration of combination chemotherapy of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide, prednisone (VMCP)/vincristine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, prednisone (VCAP). Two months later, myelomatous pleural effusion recurred and no response to salvage therapy was observed. We reviewed the clinical feature of this case and literature concerning myelomatous pleural effusion.
Antineoplastic Agents, Combined/administration & dosage* ; Case Report ; Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage ; Female ; Human ; Melphalan/administration & dosage ; Middle Age ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy* ; Multiple Myeloma/complications* ; Plasma Cells/pathology ; Pleural Effusion/radiography ; Pleural Effusion/pathology ; Pleural Effusion/etiology* ; Prednisone/administration & dosage ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vincristine/administration & dosage

While pleural effusion in multiple myeloma is relatively infrequent, myelomatous pleural effusion is extremely rare. We experienced a 61-year-old woman with IgD-lambda multiple myeloma and pleural effusion. The diagnosis was made originally by pleural biopsy, pleural fluid cytology and immunoelectropheresis of pleural fluid. Transient improvement of the pleural effusion was observed after administration of combination chemotherapy of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide, prednisone (VMCP)/vincristine, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, prednisone (VCAP). Two months later, myelomatous pleural effusion recurred and no response to salvage therapy was observed. We reviewed the clinical feature of this case and literature concerning myelomatous pleural effusion.
Antineoplastic Agents, Combined/administration & dosage* ; Case Report ; Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage ; Female ; Human ; Melphalan/administration & dosage ; Middle Age ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy* ; Multiple Myeloma/complications* ; Plasma Cells/pathology ; Pleural Effusion/radiography ; Pleural Effusion/pathology ; Pleural Effusion/etiology* ; Prednisone/administration & dosage ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vincristine/administration & dosage

The concept of intensive care has developed from experience in recovery rooms, in anesthetic work, and in early specialized units in different fields of medicine. Between the First and the Second World Wars special units were created in some German hospitals. Intensive care often means a combination of recovery-room service and intensive therapy. Intensive care, especially respiratory care is an important part of the responsibility of the anesthesiologist. So, we have analyzed statistically 3, 072 I.C.U. patients who were admitted during a period of 7 years beginning October 18, 1968 when the I.C.U. at Severance Hospital was opened, The results are as follows: I. Cases admitted to the I.C.U. (March,1970-August, 1975 ) 1) For 5 and a half years, the total number of patients was 2, 479. These patients were 2.7% of 91,400 patients who were admitted into Severance Hospital. 2) The mortality rate was 20.0% . Mortality rate was highest in 1970 (23. 7%) and lowest in 1975 (13. 5%). It has gradually decreased every year. 3) Total occupied bed days were 9,840 days (average 4,0 days). The occupied bed days of the majority of the patients (83.6%) were below 5 days comprising 88.3% of the total expired patients. 4) 50% of the patients were in the 21 to 50 year age group. The highest mortality rate occurred in the 51 to 60 age group (24.3%). 5) The number of patients admitted in the department of internal medicine was 702 cases (28.3%) which was the highest among all departments. The mortality rates of the departments of pediatric and neurosurgery were 40. 3% and 34. 7% respectively and those were relatively high values. 6) All I.C.U. patients have been divided into two categories, operative and non-operative. The operative cases were 1, 264 (51. 0%) and non-operative 1, 215 (49. 0%,). The mortality ,The Journal of The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists VoI. 9, No. 2, 1976 rate of the non-operative cases (22. 5%) was higher than operative (17. 6%). 73 Cardiovascular disease was the commonest cause of death of I.C.U, patients (107 cases) admitted from March, 1974 to August, 1975 (30 cases, 28. 0%). Respiratory support cases (October 18, 1968-August 31, 1975) ;. During the 7 year period, of all I.C.U. admission cases (3,072) 423 cases (13.8%) received respiratory support. These patients gradually increased every year. 2) The mortality rate was 44. 0% which was more than twice the over-all mortality rate of. I.C.U. admission patients. 3) The mortality rate was highest in the 21 30 age group (18. 7%). 4) The department of internal medicine admitted the largest number of cases (153 cases, 36. 2%). 5) Of all conditions, cardiovascular disease was most frequent (126 cases, 29. 8%). Here we have discussed the definition of I.C.U., the responsibility and important role of the anesthesiologist in the I.C.U. by illustrating present situations and presenting problems at the I.C.U. in Severance Hospital.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cause of Death ; Critical Care* ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Internal Medicine ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Recovery Room ; World War II

Transformation efficiency, virus multiplication and foreign gene expression were characterized in the insect cells transformed with Autographa calfornica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) immediate early 1 gene (IE1). Transformation efficiency of insect cells by AcNPV IE1 gene vector horboring foreign gene was approximately 8-fold higher in the Sf9 cells transformed previously with AcNPV IE1 gene than in the normal Sf9 cells. Virus multiplication and foreign gene expression of recombinant baculovirus in the Sf9 cells transformed with AcNPV IE1 gene were similar to those of the normal Sf9 cells. These results suggest that transformed cells displaying foreign gene product by using AcNPV IE1 gene promoter will be useful for the diverse applications of insect cells.
Baculoviridae ; Gene Expression ; Insects* ; Nucleopolyhedrovirus* ; Sf9 Cells

Transformation efficiency, virus multiplication and foreign gene expression were characterized in the insect cells transformed with Autographa calfornica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) immediate early 1 gene (IE1). Transformation efficiency of insect cells by AcNPV IE1 gene vector horboring foreign gene was approximately 8-fold higher in the Sf9 cells transformed previously with AcNPV IE1 gene than in the normal Sf9 cells. Virus multiplication and foreign gene expression of recombinant baculovirus in the Sf9 cells transformed with AcNPV IE1 gene were similar to those of the normal Sf9 cells. These results suggest that transformed cells displaying foreign gene product by using AcNPV IE1 gene promoter will be useful for the diverse applications of insect cells.
Baculoviridae ; Gene Expression ; Insects* ; Nucleopolyhedrovirus* ; Sf9 Cells

BACKGROUND: Airway infiltration by inflammatory cells, particularly of eosinophils, is one of the characteristic features of asthma. Several mechanisms for the recruitment of eosinophil is focused on the CD4+ T lymphocyte for the preferential production of Th2-derived cytokines. Interleukin-10(IL-10) is identified cytokine with potent antiinflammatory activity. This molecule has been shown to inhibit the release of cytokine from inflammatory cells including Th2 cell, and also to inhibit eosinophil survival. We therefore attempted to determine whether decreased synthesis of IL-10 in the lung of bronchial asthma may contribute to inflammation that is characteristics of this dease. METHOD: Subjects were patients with bronchial asthma(n=23) and normal controls(n=11). IL-10 produced from peripheral mononuclear cell(PBMC) and in bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) fluid was measured by ELISA method. Degree of bronchial inflammation was assessed by total cell counts and eosinophil percents in BAL fluid, eosinophil infiltration on bronchial biopsy tissue and PC20 for methacholine. RESULTS: The IL-10 level produced by PBMC and in BAL fluid from patient with bronchial asthma were not different with normal controls(respectively, 901.6+/-220.4 pg/ml, 810.9+/-290.8pg/ml for PBMC, 24.5+/-9.5pg/ml, 30.5+/-13.5 pg/ml for BAL fluid p>0.05). There were significant negative correlation between IL-10 in BAL fluid and eosinophil percents in BAL fluid or degree of eosinophil infiltration in bronchial biopsy(respectively r=-0.522, r=-0.4486 p<0.05). However there was no difference of IL-10 level according to PC20 for methacholine. There were no correlation between IL-10 production by PBMC and peripheral blood eosinophil counts or serum eosinophilic cationic protein levels(respectively r=0.1146, r=0.0769 p>0.05). CONCLUSION: These observation suggest that IL-10 may participate but not acts the crucial role in regulation of the airway inflammation in bronchial asthma.
Asthma* ; Biopsy ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Cell Count ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Interleukin-10* ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Methacholine Chloride ; Th2 Cells