No abstract available.
Burns* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; DNA* ; Humans ; Ploidies*

The use of intravitreal corticosteroids in the management of endophthalmitis remains controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of dexamethasone(DXM) in Candida endophthalmitis. In rabbits, Candida albicans(3,000 blastospore: Group A, 30,000 blastopore: Group B) was inoculated intrabitreally. At 24, 48, and 72 hours postinoculation, single intravitreal dose of amphotericin B(AMP, 5microgram/0.1ml) with DXM(400microgram/0.1ml) or AMP alone was given. Clinical examination, protein analysis, electrophysiological and histopathologic measures were utilized to rate DXM effectiveness. Dosage of 5microgram AMP resulted in no culture in both Group A and B, On examinations including the electrophysiologic and histopathologic studies, eyes treated with AMP and DXM did not differ from eyes treated with AMP alone in the Group A(p>0.05). On protein analysis for vitreous in the Group B, however, eyes treated with AMP alone at 24 and 48 hours postinoculation(p<0.05). On electrophysiologic study the decrease rate of the amplitude showed the difference between at 24 hours postinoculation and at 48 or 72 hours postinoculation(p<0.05). Histologic preparations showed a mild or moderate cellular infilteration in the vitreous and swelling in the sensory retina, but small abscess in the vitreous observed when treatment was delayed more than 72 hours following inoculation in both Group A and B. DXM in the experimental Candida endophthalmitis had the beneficial effect in eyes with 30,000 blastspore inoculation and in eyes treated with AMP and DXM at 24 hours postinoculation.
Abscess ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Amphotericin B ; Candida* ; Dexamethasone* ; Endophthalmitis* ; Gastrula ; Intravitreal Injections ; Rabbits ; Retina

No abstract available.
Hearing*

PURPOSE: The main objectives of this work were to characterize the mechanism of resistance to imipenem of Morganella morganii KU158 isolated in Busan, Korea and to analyze the structure of the integron, which carries the resistance gene that confers resistance to imipenem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antimicrobial susceptibilities of M. morganii KU158 were tested by using the disk diffusion method. The modified Hodge and EDTA-disk synergy tests were performed for the screening of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing isolates. blaIMP and blaVIM genes were detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. To detect the presence of the integron, the PCR method was used. The PCR product was cloned through the use of primers, 5'CS-F and 3'CS-R, and it was used to determine the sequence of the integron through the dideoxy-mediated chain termination method. RESULTS: M. morganii KU158 was intermediately resistant to imipenem and showed a positive result for the modified Hodge and EDTA-disk synergy tests, which suggest the production of metallo-beta-lactamase, and also was positive in the PCR result for the detection of blaVIM gene. The genotype of the PCR product from the blaVIM gene was blaVIM-2. Sequencing of the 5,031 bp-cloned fragment revealed the structure of the class I integron, such as the 5'-CS element containing an Intl1 integrase gene with its own promoter region, the attI1 recombination site, and the 3'-CS element containing qacE1. The integron contained insert gene cassettes blaVIM-2, aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, "orfII", and "orfIII". The blaVIM-2 gene was located immediately downstream of the aac(6')-Ib gene. CONCLUSIONS: M. morganii KU158 acquired the resistance to imipenem through the production of metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-2. The gradual increase in the number of VIM-2-producing bacterial species may indicate the highly mobile nature of the blaVIM-2 cassette. The spread of blaVIM-2 could compromise the future usefulness of carbapenem in treating gram-negative bacilli infections.
beta-Lactamases ; Busan ; Clone Cells ; Diffusion ; Genotype ; Imipenem ; Integrases ; Integrons* ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Morganella morganii* ; Morganella* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Recombination, Genetic

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Response time is an important factor in determining the quality of prehospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Our objective was to analyze the Daegu Korean Fire Department's ambulances' response time by use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and to suggest general factors for quality improvement of EMS. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed computerized ambulance calls of the Daegu Korean Fire Department. During the period from July 2006 to June 2007, computerized ambulance calls could be pinpointed geographically by the GIS. Patients were divided into injury and disease groups. And each group was subdivided into emergency and non-emergency groups at triage. We reviewed the EMS response time, response velocity, distance from 119 safe center to scene, and distance from scene to hospital. RESULTS: Of 46,606 patients, 27,825 patients could be pinpointed geographically by the GIS. The mean response time was 5.5+/-18.9 minutes. Among injury patients, there were no significant differences between emergency and non-emergency groups in mean response time and mean response velocity. In disease patients, however, emergency group response time was shorter than for the non-emergency group, and response velocity was faster for the emergency group. Distance from 119 safe center to scene and from scene to hospital was greater among all total patients for the emergency group than for the non-emergency group. CONCLUSION: Using GIS, we evaluated response velocity as a measure of the quality of prehospital EMS. We found that in injury patients, prehospital triage and transportation were not properly managed. We suggests that EMS could be more effective if GIS is used as a tool for the improvement of EMS quality.
Ambulances ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Fires ; Geographic Information Systems ; Humans ; Quality Improvement ; Reaction Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Transportation ; Triage

No abstract available.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Gonads* ; Steroids* ; Trophoblasts*

No abstract available.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Humans