No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology (FNAB-C) in predicting lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer patients. METHODS: A total of 592 patients who underwent thyroid cancer surgery and intra-operative lateral cervical LN frozen section or RND, from January 2002 to December 2011, were evaluated retrospectively. Among them, 228 cases had suspicious findings in FNAB-C of lateral nodes. We reviewed their radiological and pathological reports. RESULTS: Intra-operative frozen section examination was performed in 540 cases and RND was performed in 314 cases. This study included 534 women (83.4%) and 106 men (16.6%). Patients' ranged in age from 9 to 83 years (mean, 45.65 years). FNAB-C was performed in 228 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAB-C was 71.5% and 78.6%, respectively; 35.9% of cases had a false negative result. The combination of FNAB-C and intra-operative frozen section test sensitivity and specificity was 87.2% and 93.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results for sensitivity in FNAB-C actually appear low, and false negative results were very high. In papillary thyroid cancer in patients with FNAB-C, even if the result is negative, if lymph node metastasis is suspected based on radiologic evidence, frozen section examination should be performed for determination of metastasis.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

Most patients with thyroid cancer (of follicular cell origin) are successfully managed with a combination of surgery, radioactive iodine (131I-RAI), and suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone with thyroid hormone replacement, obtaining survival rates approaching 90% at 20 years. Although the prognosis of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is favorable, recurrence occurs in up to 30% patients. In addition, many patients with recurrent or metastatic disease, as well as those with less differentiated tumors, will have a much poorer prognosis and lose their ability to concentrate functional iodine and are therefore not targeted by 131I-RAI therapy. There are many treatment options but no definitive treatment for radioiodine refractory thyroid cancer. This paper will discuss the roles of surgical treatment for patients with radioiodine refractory thyroid cancer.
Humans ; Iodine ; Methods* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyrotropin

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Anemia ; Gaucher Disease* ; Humans ; Siblings* ; Thrombocytopenia

No abstract available.
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

BACKGROUND: Viral myocarditis is considered as a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. At present, two pathogenic mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and subsequent cardiomyopathy. First, the virus infection of myocyte may directly lead to either cell death or persistent metabolic dysfunction. Second, virus-induced immune or autoimmune mechanism may play a role. METHODS: To test the therapeutic efficacy of immunosuppression with cyclophophamide(CYP) on coxsackievirus B3(CB3) myocarditis, 10-14 week-old Balb/c mice were inoculated with 4000 plaque-forming units of CB3. In experiment 1, CYP (100mg/kg/day subcutaneous injection, s.c) was administrated daily on days 1-7(group 2, n=16). In experiment 2, CYP 30mg/kg/day s.c(group 3, n=32) or CYP 100mg/kg/day s.c(group 4, n=32) were administrated on days 8-14. The animals of infected controls(group 1, n=26) and group 2, 3, 4 were dissected at days 4, 7, 15, 22 and spleen, heart, thymus and body weights were measured. RESULTS: In experiment 1. survival rate in group 2 on day 7, 15 were low compared with group 1(85%, 0% vs 100%, p<0.05). and myocardial virus titers in group 2 on day 4 was 50 times, and on day 7, 1000 times higher compared with group 1, Histologically, on day 7, focal cellular infiltrations were prominent findings in group 1, but diffuse myocardial necrosis without cellular infiltration were observed in group 2. In experiment 2, survival rate, cardiac histopathology myocardial virus titer and serum neutralizing antibody titers did not differ among groups 1, 3 and 4. In experiment 1 and 2, the spleen-to-body-weight and thymus-to-body-weight ratios were significantly lower in CYP treated groups than those in controls and marked cellular depletions in spleens and thymus were observed in CYP treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: As the results of above, it can be concluded that the immunosuppression during viremic phase of murine viral myocarditis aggravated the myocardial necrosis, and during aviremic phase, the administration of CYP didnot affect the process of viral myocarditis. Thus, direct viral mechanisms in the production of cardiomyocyte injury in CB3-infected mice appear to bo more important than cell mediated immune mechanism. To understand relevant pathogenic mechanisms of clinical myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy resulting from viral infection, the experimental study expanding into nonmurine animals and into various models using other infectious agents may be required.
Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Body Weight ; Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; Cell Death ; Cyclophosphamide* ; Heart ; Immunosuppression ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Muscle Cells ; Myocarditis* ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Necrosis ; Spleen ; Survival Rate ; Thymus Gland ; Viral Load

Spontaneous hemo-pneumothorax, a hemothorax that occurs without trauma, is a very rare condition; however, as a result of excessive bleeding, it can be lethal. Also, if the bleeding is scanty, the physician might recognize hemothorax in case of performing invasive procedures, such as chest tube insertion, and may misunder stand as a complication of the procedure. For this reason, acknowledgement of the spontaneous hemo-pneumothorax in the emergency department is very important. We report on a case of a spontaneous hemo-pneumothorax in a healthy 18-year-old male presenting with chest pain who developed a spontaneous pneumothorax with a profuse amount of hemothorax.
Chest Pain ; Chest Tubes ; Emergencies ; Hemorrhage ; Hemothorax ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumothorax

To identify acanthocephala found in 'Changran-pickles' and 'Myungran-pickles' each organ was measured in permanent slides. In the present report, the results obtained were as follows: 1. Morphology of male worms: Worms possessed 18-19 longitudinal rows, with 4 hooks per row, which became smaller towards the base of proboscis. Each worm contained two testis and six cement glands arranged linearly. Body 22.0 by 0.8-0.6 mm and 15.0 by 0.6-0.4 mm, proboscis 284.8 by 227.6 microgram and 524.9 by 151.4 microgram, proboscis sheath 1570.7 by 72.7 microgram and 751.9 by 280.4 microgram, lemnisci length 2566.7 and 1085.6, testis 2202.9-1860.5 by 737.0-575.7 microgram and 1033.8-981.1 by 463.1-351.6 microgram, cement glands 940.2 by 441.2 microgram and 610.0 by 369.1 microgram. 2. Morphology of female worms: Worms possessed 14-18 longitudinal rows, with 6-10 hooks per row and become smaller toward the base of proboscis. Each worm contained an uterine bell and uterus in the posterior portion and the eggs filled the body cavity. Body 14.0~51.0 mm by 0.7-0.5~2.2-1.4 mm, proboscis 466.1-268.9 microgram by 259.9-252.0 microgram, proboscis sheath 1550.7-506.0 by 298.8-231.1 microgram, lemnisci length 1325.7-473.1 microgram, eggs 112.4 by 28.5 microgram~51.7 by 14.0 microgram. In this present study, the acanthocephala collected in 'Changran-pickles' and 'Myungran-pickles' were identified as Echinorhynchus gadi by morphological features.
Acanthocephala/anatomy & histology/classification/*isolation & purification ; Animals ; Female ; Fish Diseases/*parasitology ; Fishes ; Helminthiasis, Animal/*parasitology ; Korea ; Male ; Seafood/*parasitology

We analyzed alcoholic extracts of herbs possessing anti-neosporal activity against Neospora (N.) caninum. To identify the chemical components of Sophora (S.) flavescens and Torilis (T.) japonica associated with anti-neosporal activity, specific fractions were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro activity of the fractions against N. caninum was then assessed. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify and quantify specific anti-neosporal molecules in the herbal extracts. Almost all HPLC fractions of S. flavescens and T. japonica had higher levels of anti-neosporal activity compared to the not treated control. Active constituents of the extracts were sophoridane, furosardonin A, and tetraisopropylidene-cyclobutane in S. flavescens; 5,17-beta-dihydroxy-de-A-estra-5,7,9,14-tetraene, furanodiene, and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-(CAS,1) in T. japonica.
Apiaceae/*chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coccidiostats/*chemistry ; Fruit/chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Neospora/*drug effects/growth & development ; Plant Extracts/*chemistry ; Plant Roots/chemistry ; Sophora/*chemistry