No abstract availble.

Dementia is defined as a syndrome which is characterized by various impairments in cognitive functions, especially memory function, Most of the diagnostic criteria for dementia include memory impairment as no essential feature. Memory decline can be present as a consequence of the aging process, But it does not cause significant distress or impairment in social and occupational functionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. funcitionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. However, unlike dementia, depression dose not cause decrease in delayed verbal learning and recognition memory. In dementia, different features of memory impairment may be present depending on the involved area. Memory impairment in cortical dementia is affected by the disturbance of encoding of information and memory consolidation, while memory imparnene in subcrotical denentiy is affected y the disturbance of retrieval in subcortial dementia.
Aging ; Dementia ; Depression ; Humans ; Memory* ; Verbal Learning

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis*

BACKGROUND: Transepidermal water loss(TEWL) measurement is widely used in monitoring the degree of skin irritation. There have been many reports of site variation of TEWL between different body sites. However, there have been no reports concerning site variation on the different parts of the hand, which is important for the evaluation of hand eczema. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to better understand site variation of TEWL on the hands. METHODS: TEWL measurement has been performed on the mid-forearm and seven different sites of the hands in 20 normal human volunteers using an evaporimeter. RESULTS: A marked site variation has been observed and high values observed on most parts of the hands compared to forearms. CONCLUSION: Site selection should be seriously considered in any kind of study concerning TEWL measurement of hands.
Eczema ; Forearm ; Hand* ; Healthy Volunteers* ; Humans* ; Skin* ; Water*

Popliteal artery compression rarely occurs after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction using the tibial inlay technique that allows for direct visualization of the surgical field. However, we experienced a popliteal artery compression after PCL reconstruction performed using the technique, which eventually required re-operation. Here, we report this rare case and discuss reasons of popliteal artery compression.
Inlays ; Popliteal Artery ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of posterior chamber lens (PCL) exchange in patients with opacified foldable PCLs. METHODS: This study consisted of 31 patients (35 eyes) who had received phacoemulsification and implantation of foldable intraocular lenses in the bag or sulcus and developed late opacification of the PCL. All patients reported a reduction of visual acuity and deterioration in vision. The PCLs were explanted and replaced with new PMMA lenses. The perioperative complications and the best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) before and after surgery were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean visual acuities (logMAR value) before and after IOL exchange were 0.59+/-0.80 and 0.21+/-0.27, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.005, paired t-test). Intraoperative complications included posterior capsule rupture in six patients, zonular dehiscence in three patients, and both in one patient. Postoperative complications included intraocular pressure elevation in five patients and cystoid macular edema in two patients. One patient showed hypopyon at 6 days postoperatively, which lasted for 3 months, but she showed good visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Intraocular lens exchange was a safe and effective treatment for patients whose PCLs were opacified.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intraoperative Complications ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Macular Edema ; Phacoemulsification ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Postoperative Complications ; Rupture ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: Vitamin C is an essential agent for cell differentiation for cell. However, for osteogenic differentiation a combined medium of vitamin C, phosphoglyceride and dexamethasone is used. Individual effect of vitamin C can be observed in terms of cell growth and proliferation and eventual differentiation to assess the effect of this chemical agent for using as bone growth. This work investigates the dose dependent effect of vitamin C on MC3T3-E1 type pre-osteoblast cell on cell proliferation and differentiation. METHODS: To investigate the dose dependent effect of vitamin C on MC3T3-E1 type pre-osteoblast cell predetermined amount of vitamin C was added to the medium and the medium was used for cell culture and cell differentiation. Relative cell viability and cell proliferation were checked to see the effect of vitamin C. Effect of dose dependent gene expression was carried out by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with osteogenic differentiation specific genes. RESULTS: Cell viability and cell proliferation was increased in all culture time. The pre-osteoblast cells show significantly higher expression of osteoblast formation specific gene alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osteopontin at a higher dose of vitamin C. CONCLUSION: Higher doses of vitamin C with 50 microg/uL could significantly enhance the cell proliferation.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Ascorbic Acid* ; Bone Development ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Dexamethasone ; Gene Expression ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteocalcin ; Osteopontin

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

Fungal infection has been observed with increasing frequency in recent years because the use of combinations of broad spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, and antineoplastic agents is increasing and the survival rate of premature baby is increasing. We experienced a 3 month old male infant with anuria due to bilateral ureteropelvic fungus balls. He was born at 31 weeks gestation period and had been treated with broad spectrum antibiotics for 5 weeks after birth. We removed fungus balls surgically and made nephrostomy bilaterally. And then irrigation of amphotericn B through nephrostomy and systemic amphotercin B injection had performed for 3 weeks. Thereafter fungus balls completely disappeared.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Anuria* ; Fungi* ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Infant* ; Male ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Survival Rate