BACKGROUND: Various kinds of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi have been isolated from the house dust, the closest environment of human beings. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose is to investigate the distribution of yeasts in house dust. METHODS: House dust was sampled from 22 families in Taegu and 56 in a rural town in Kyungpook province for 2 months from May to June, 1992. It was cultivated for years on the media containing cycloheximide (500mg/L) RESULTS: Among 78 families, 56 (71.8%) showed positive culture for yeasts in house dut;1 species in 24 (30.8%), 2 species in 19 (24.3%), 3 species in 12 (15.4%) and 4 species in 1(1.3%). Rhodotorula(Rh). Ruora was the most frequently isolated one from 36(46.2%) out of 78 families, followed by Tricosporn(T.) cutaneum 25(32.1%). Candida (C.) albicans 16 (20.5%), Pityrosporum pachydermatis 4 (5.1%) and Torulopsis candida, Cryptococcus laurentii, C. rugosa and C. guillermondii 1 (1.3%), each. CONCLUSION: Rh. rubra, T. cutaneum and C. albicans were the most important yeast species in the houst dust of both rural and raban areas.
Candida ; Cryptococcus ; Cycloheximide ; Daegu ; Dust* ; Fungi ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Malassezia ; Sweat ; Yeasts*

The major influencing factors on the strength of all-ceramic crowns are types of dental ceramics, fabrication techniques, methods of abutment preparation and cementation modes of all ceramic restorations. Zine phosphate cement and glass-ionomer cement were used as an early luting media for all-ceramic crowns. Recently many studies have reported that resin cements have more advantages in increasing the fracture strength of restorations comparing with zincphosphate cement and glass-ionomer cement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of etching, silane treatment, sandblasting and dentin bonding agents on fracture strengths of dental ceramics. 40 flat dentin specimens and 40 ceramic discs of 1.5mm thickness and 8mm diameter were fabricated, and divided into 4 groups according to surface treatments. Surface treatments before cementation were as follows. Group I : (ceramic) : HF etching - silane treatment - application of bonding resin (dentin) : application of dentin bonding agent Group II : (ceramic) : sandblasting - application of bonding resin (dentin) : application of dentin bonding agent Group III : (ceramic) : application of bonding resin (dentin) : application of dentin bonding agent Group IV : (ceramic) : HF etching - silane treatment - application of bonding resin (dentin) : no dentin bonding procedure Dentin specimens and ceramic discs were cemented with dual cure resin cement, and went through thermocycling. Compressive stress es were loaded on the centers of ceramic discs with Instron testing machine, and fracture strengths resista' nce for catastrophic fracture were measured The results were as follows. 1. The group I showed the highest fracture resistance. The next was group II. And group III, IV followed. 2. There was a significant difference in the mean value of fracture strengths between group I and group III (p<0.05), but no significant differences between group I and group II, and group II and group III (p>0.05). 3. There was a significant difference in the mean value of fracture strengths between group I and group IV (p<0.05).
Cementation ; Ceramics* ; Crowns ; Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Resin Cements

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

We report a case of congenital candidiasis confined to the rail plates in a 57-day-old girl whose infected nails exhibited the rough, yellow-white, thickened, opaque distal ends and pink-colored, normal healthy plates at their proximal bases. Numerous pseudohyphae and spores were demonstrated by KOH microscopic examination. Candida albicans was identified by culture on Sabourauds glucose agar and API 20C Aux system. Histopathologic findings of nail crippings also showed mutiple hyphae beneath the hyperkeratot,ic nail plate on PAS stain. Shedding of the infected distal portion of the ungual plates ws caused by growing out of the healthy nails, resulting in spontaneous healing of the disease rithin 2 months.
Agar ; Candida albicans ; Candidiasis* ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Spores

No abstract available.
Bacteria, Anaerobic*

Seventeen volunteers with cutaneous dermatophytosis were enrolled in a clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of oral ketoconazole. The group included six patients with tinea cruris(6 malcs), four with tinea corporis, including one with tinea faciai, (3 males, 1 female), three with tinea versicolor(3 males) and four with tinea capitis(3 males, 1 female). The oral ketoconazole was taken within 10 minutes after a meal. The patients under the age of 10 received 100mg of ketoconazole per day, whereas those aged over 11 received 200mg of ketoconazole until the skin lesions are cured. Seventeen patients had complete clinical and mycologic cure, one responded clinically. It required one to four weeks to become culturally negative for tinea cruris, four to seven weeks for tinea corporis, three to eight weeks for tinea capitis. For tinea versicolor it required three to five weeks to become negative by scotch tape method. Adverse reactions to ketoconazole were absent and no patients required discontinuation of the drug. The results indicate that ketoconazole is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of dermatophytosis.
Humans ; Ketoconazole* ; Male ; Meals ; Skin ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Versicolor ; Tinea* ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Malocclusion*

BACKGROUND: The management of postoperative pain with traditional narcotic analgesic regimen is associated with an unacceptably high failure rate and at best has represented a cautious compromise between adequate analgesia and the risk of complications, particularly that of respiratory depression. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine given by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with differential dosages after total knee replacement. METHODS: A double-blind clinical trial of 75 patients who received intravenous nalbuphine with patient- controlled analgesia during the postoperative first 48 hours after total knee replacement, was carried. Patients were assigned to three groups by the concentration of nalbuphine: Group 1 (n = 25), 2 mg/ml; Group 2, 4 mg/ml; Group 3, 6 mg/ml. The settings of PCA in three groups were same. RESULTS: Visual analog scale (VAS) scores were used to assess pain. Group 2 and 3 patients reported significant lower VAS over the postoperatively 6 hours and 12 hours at either rest or movement compared to group 1. PCA demands, delivered doses and PCA nalbuphine dosage per hours except supplemental analgesic doses in the first 48 hours were lower in group 2 and 3 compared to group 1. There were significant differences among groups at postoperatively 6 and 12 hours in nausea, vomiting and sedation of the side effects. CONCLUSIONS: IV PCA with nalbuphine is thought to be potent and safe for postoperative pain relief without the major morbidity like respiratory depression, in addition, the careful observation and treatment on the side effect like nausea, vomiting and sedation, is surely needed.
Analgesia ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Humans ; Nalbuphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Visual Analog Scale ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the combination therapy of intravitreal bevacizumab injection and photodynamic therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration associated with large retinal pigment epithelial detachment. METHODS: A total of 13 eyes were reviewed, with 9 eyes diagnosed with definite choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and 4 eyes diagnosed with CNV or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) becausethe exact type could not be determined. Photodynamic therapy was performed within 1 week after bevacizumab injection according to indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Additional bevacizumab injections were performed within a 4 to 6 week interval. Additional photodynamic therapy was performed within 4 months. RESULTS: The visual acuity on final examination had improved in 3 eyes (23.1%), was maintained in 7 eyes (53.8%), and decreased in 3 eyes (23.1%). The change of the PED before and after treatment showed regression in 5 eyes (38.5%), recurrence after regression in 2 eyes (15.4%), persistence in 4 eyes (30.8%), and retinal pigment epithelial tear in 2 eyes (15.4%). The maintained or improved visual acuity rate was 66.7% (6/9) and 100% (4/4) in the CNV and CNV or PCV group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The combination therapy in neovascular age-related macular degenerationassociated with large retinal pigment epithelial detachment is a viable alternative treatment in the stabilization and improvement of vision. However, further studies with long-term follow up and controlled studies with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody monotherapy are required.
Angiography ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Choroid ; Choroidal Neovascularization ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Indocyanine Green ; Macular Degeneration ; Photochemotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab