BACKGROUND: Routine renal function tests are not sensitive enough to detect early renal complication of diabetes. To detect the complication as soon as possible, we measured urine N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) and evaluated in comparison with microalbumin and beta2-microglobulin(beta2-MG). METHODS: 87 patients with type II diabetes visited Catholic University Hospital of Taegu Hyosung during the period October 1995 to March 1996. We collected 24 hour urine samples and measured NAG, albumin excretion rate (AER), beta2-MG. urinalysis, BUN, creatinine(Cr) Cr clearance(CrCl), fasting and 2 hour postprandial blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 53+/-15 years old and their average disease duration was 5.8+/-5.0 years. Abnormal rates of each renal function tests were as follows : NAG/gCr 52.1%, AER 51.7%, CrCl 42.5%, BUN 18.4%, beta2-MG 13.8% and creatinine 6.9% in order. From 36 patients whose AER was within normal limit, 13 of them(36.1%) showed increased level of NAG/gCr. Of 38 patients with increased NAG/gCr results, the 31 patients (81.6%) recorded abnormal results of renal function tests. Among 87 patients studied 60 patients(68.5%) showed increased level of NAG/gCr or AER results. Compared with AER test alone. the combined tests with NAG/gCr increased 16.8% of detection rates of renal complication in type II diabetes. CONCLUSION: Urine NAG/gCr and AER tests were very useful for detecting the early renal complication of type n diabetes. As increase of NAG/gCr suggest the proximal tubule damage, it is necessary to have further evaluation about the proximal tubule damage of renal complication in type II diabetes.
Acetylglucosaminidase* ; Blood Glucose ; Creatinine ; Daegu ; Fasting ; Humans ; Urinalysis

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the Incentive Spirometry (IS) and Deep Breathing Exercises (DBE) to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery in patients over 60 years of age. METHODS: We prospectively randomized 90 patients into 1 of 3 groups: the control group (30 patients) received no respiratory treatment, the IS group (30 patients) was treated with incentive spirometry 4 times daily and DBE group (30 patients) carried out deep breathing exercises under supervision for 15 min 4 times daily. ABGA was taken at ward, PR (preop.room), RR (recovery room), POD1 day and POD2 day. Roentgenographic changes observed at 24 h. and 48 h. after surgery. Pulmonary complications were defined as the development of 3 or more of 6 new findings: cough, sputum, dyspnea, chest discomfort, temperature greater than 38oC, pulse rate more than 100 beats/min. RESULTS: PaO2 in the DBE group and IS group at PR were significantly increased than the values at ward, and the values of the PaO2 in the DBE group at RR and POD1 day, and those of IS group at PR and POD2 day were significant higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). The frequency of development of pulmonary complications (43.3% in the control group, 20% in the DBE group, 20% in the IS group) and roentgenographic changes were comparable in the 3 groups (26.7%, 16.7%, 20% respectively). The DBE group showed the different incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications between upper and lower abdominal surgery (upper: lower= 35.7: 6.3%). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that DBE and IS were effective in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery and lower abdominal surgery causes lesser postoperative pulmonary complications than upper abdominal surgery.
Breathing Exercises ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Motivation* ; Organization and Administration ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration* ; Spirometry* ; Sputum ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Femur* ; Phlebography* ; Prognosis*

Carcinoma of the breast can produce cutaneous metastases which sbow highly diversified clinical pictures. The cutaneous metastases produce four definite clinical types: inflammatory carcinoma, telangiectatic carcinoma, nodular carcinoma, and carcinoma, en cuirasse. We present a case of 78-year-old nulliparous woman who had several painful dark purplish colored zosteriform papulovesicular eruptions, suggestive of herpes zoster, on the right breast, right axilla, scapular area, and upper arm for three month. Two month later, well dermacated linearly arranged erysipeloid eruptions appeared around the previous skin lesions and the right chest wall. Histopathological findings showed metastatic ductal carcinoma with massive vascular permeation but the primary focus was undetermined.
Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

BACKGROUND: Nasal polyps were developed from eosinophil infiltrations and activation by chronic inflammatory reactions. Eotaxin and RANTES have been postulated to be involved in the recruitment and activation of eosinophils to the inflamed tissues. The aim of this study is to estimate the mRNA expression of eotaxin and RNATES in the nasal polyps and it's effect on tissue eosinophils. METHODS: At first, we evaluated the linearity and precision of GeneAmp 5700R(PE Applied Biosystems, Foster, U.S.A) with M. tuberculosis DNA. We collected 17 allergic, 30 non-allergic nasal polyps and 15 normal inferior turbinates from the patients visiting Catholic University Hospital of Taegu Hyosung. We performed the quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) for the eotaxin and RNATES, and the tissue immunohistochemical stain for the major basic protein. RESULTS: GeneAmp 5700R disclosed good linearity and precision. Compared with the normal inferior turbinates, eotaxin mRNA levels were increased in the allergic and non-allergic polyps, and showed significant correlation with eosinophils infiltration and activation. But the RANTES didn't revealed any significant differences among these groups, and no correlation with tissue eosinophils. The patients with allergic polyps showed increased eosinophils infiltration and activation in the tissue, while those with non allergic polyps disclosed increased eosinophils activation. CONCLUSIONS: Since eotaxin expression were increased in the tissue of the patients with nasal polyps and showed good correlation with eosinophils infiltration and activation in the tissue, it had been considered that eotaxin played an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic polyps and tissue eosinophilia.
Chemokine CCL5* ; Daegu ; DNA ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps* ; Polyps ; RNA, Messenger* ; Tuberculosis ; Turbinates

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female

The metal ceramic crown is currently the most popular complete veneer restoration in dentistry, but in many cases, the metal cervical collar at the facial margin is unesthetic and unacceptable. Facial porcelain margin has been used in place of it. But this dose not solve the problems, such as dark gingival discoloration and cervical opaque reflection of porcelain veneer. Recently, metal copings which were designed to terminate its labio-cervical end on the axial walls coronal to the shoulder have been clinically used to solve the esthetic problem of metal ceramic crown. But in this design, porcelain veneer of labio-cervical area which is not supported by metal may not be able to resist the stress during cementation and mastication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate fracture strength and fractured appearance of crowns according to different coping designs. A resin maxillary left central incisor analogue was prepared for a metal ceramic crown, and metal dies were made with duplication mold. Metal copings were made and assigned to one of four groups based on facial framework designs: group 1, coping with 0.5mm metal collar; group 2, metal extended to the shoulder; group 3, metal extended to 1 mm coronal to the shoulder; group 4, metal extended to 2mm coronal to the shoulder. Copings and crowns were adjusted to be same size and thickness, and cemented to metal dies with zinc phosphate cement by finger pressure. Fracture strength was measured with Instron Universal Testing Machine. Metaldies were anchored in Three-way-vice at 3mm below finish line and at 130degree inclined to the lone axis of the crown. Load was directed lingually at 2mm below midincisal edge. Load value at initial crack and at catastrophic fracture was recorded. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Fracture strength values at initial crack were higher in groups 1, 2 than in groups 3, 4 but this difference was not statistically significant(P<0.05). 2. Conventional metal collared crown had greater catastrophic fracture strength than any other collarless crowns. 3. The greater the labial metal coping reduction, the lower the catastrophic fracture strength of crowns but when more than 1mm of labial metal reduction was done, the difference in strengths was not statistically significant(p<0.05). 4. The strongest collarless coping design was group 2.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cementation ; Ceramics* ; Crowns* ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentistry ; Fingers ; Fungi ; Incisor ; Mastication ; Shoulder ; Zinc Phosphate Cement

In a series of 20 young rats, three cortical lesions were made in each hemisphere. Two of these lesions were filled with avitene and gelfoam, while the third was left empty as a control. The animals were killed successively on weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 after the operation. The results were as follows : 1) Although there was no difference in the type of tissue reactions, avitene was more rapid and profound than gelfoam in the process and degree of inflammatory reaction at the same periods. 2) Avitene biodegradaded more rapidly than gelfoam. 3) The extent of fibrosis and adhesion to the surrounding brain tissues were not grossly different between these two agents but more profound histopathologically in avitene at the same periods. With these results, we could conclude that the avitene was superior to the gelfoam as the hemostatic agent in neurosurgical area.
Animals ; Brain* ; Collagen ; Fibrosis ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Rats

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Sarcoma, Myeloid*

No abstract available.
HLA-DR Antigens*