The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution of the abutment and supporting tissues according tot he slopes and types of the guiding plane of distal extension removable partial dentures. The 3-dimensional finite element method was used and the finite element models were prepared as follows. Model I : Kratochvil type guiding plane with 90degree to residual ridge Model II : Kratochvil type guiding plane with 95degree to residual ridge Model III : Kratochvil type guiding plane with 100degree to residual ridge Model IV : Krol type guiding plane with 90degree to residual ridge Distal extension partial denture which right mandibular first and second molar were lost was used and the second premolar was prepared as primary abutment with RPI type retainer. Then 150N of compressive force was applied to central fossae of the first and second molars and von Mises stress and displacement were measured. The results were as follows : 1. Model I and Model IV showed a similar stress distribution pattern and the stress was concentrated on the apex of the root of the abutment. 2. The stress was increased and concentrated on mesial side of the root of the abutment in Model II. The stress was concentrated on buccal and mesiobuccal side of the root of the abutment in Model III. 3. In Model I, the root of the abutment displaced and twisted a little in clockwise. In Model IV, the root of the abutment displaced to distolingually at apical region of the root and mesiobucally at cervical region of the root. 4. In Model II, the root of the abutment displaced to mesiolingually at apical region of the root and more displaced and twisted in counterclockwise at cervical region of the root. In Model III, the root of the abutment displaced to mesiobucally at apical region of the root and more displaced and twisted in clockwise at cervical region of the root.
Bicuspid ; Denture, Partial ; Denture, Partial, Removable* ; Molar

No abstract available.
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections* ; Teicoplanin*

With the introduction of electronic medical records (EMRs), it has become possible to accumulate massive amounts of qualitative medical data. As such, EMRs have become increasingly used in clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). While CDSSs aim to reduce medical errors normally occurring in the process of treating patients by physicians, technical maturity and the completeness of CDSSs do not meet standards for medical use yet. As data further accumulates, CDSS algorithms must be continuously updated to allow CDSSs to perform their core functions. Doing so, however, requires extensive time and manpower investments. In current practice, computational systems already perform a wide variety of functions in medical settings to allow medical staff to focus on other tasks. However, no prior research has evaluated the potential effectiveness of future CDSSs nor analyzed possibilities for their further development. In this article, we evaluate CDSS technology with the consideration that medical staff also understand the core functions of such systems.

PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence and clinical course of epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a femtosecond laser. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the results of 1158 eyes of 581 patients who received LASIK with the flap created by a femtosecond laser from February 2006 to March 2009 at our institute. We investigated the incidence and clinical course of LASIK in which the flap was created by a femtosecond laser. RESULTS: Epithelial ingrowth was first detected one week after surgery in 12 (57%) of 21 eyes and within one month in 19 eyes (90%). Epithelial ingrowth was localized most commonly near the temporal and nasal flap edge in 12 eyes (57%). In two eyes (9.5%), an isolated ingrowth mass was located in the pupillary area. The development of more than 2.0 mm of epithelial ingrowth was observed in three eyes (0.25%). Among 28 eyes with loose epithelium or epithelial detachment during surgery, epithelial ingrowth was observed in six eyes (21.4%) compared with 15 (1.32%) of 1130 eyes without loose epithelium or epithelial detachment. Therefore, epithelial detachment during surgery was significantly associated with epithelial ingrowth (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: In LASIK in which the flap is created by a femtosecond laser, damage to the epithelial layer increases the chances of epithelial ingrowth. Therefore, avoiding epithelial defects with a gentle maneuver is needed to reduce the chance of epithelial ingrowth during surgery.
Epithelium ; Eye ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Retrospective Studies

Nickel is widely known throughout the world as a common source of contact dermatitis. Korea is one of the rapidly developing countries where the use of nickel and nickel by-products is on the rise. Lacking in ore, Korea imports most of its nickel. In the last ten years, in relation to rapid industrial development, the amount of nickel imported has increased over 1, 000 times. Nickel dermatitis is becoming an increasing problem in the patch test clinic. With regards to this, we have tried the dimethylglyoxime spot test to all materials mentioned in the textbooks which are regarded as nickel sources in other industrialized societies, so as to make an up-to-date list of nickel sources applicable to Korea. In addition, we have also included traditional nickel sources such as acupuncture needles, fire pot, old and new coins and chest of drawers etc. We also have analyzed data concerning nickel imports to Korea during the past 10 years.
Acupuncture ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Developing Countries ; Fires ; Korea* ; Needles ; Nickel* ; Numismatics ; Patch Tests ; Thorax

Liposclerosis is a feature of chronic venous insufficiency. Clinically, liposclerosis is characterized by induration and variable hyperpipmention located on the skin of the leg and ankle. A 49-year-old male was presented with dark brown colored indurated plaque with the appearance of an inverted bottle on the lower leg. He had a history of stasis dermatitis on the area. The main histopathologic finding was broad septal fibrosis, where there were scattered hemosiderin, thick-walled and tortuous vessels, and fibrin deposition stained by phosphotungstic acid-hematoxyline (PTAH) stain.
Ankle ; Dermatitis* ; Fibrin ; Fibrosis ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Venous Insufficiency

Treatment of tumors on the lip often present special difficulties in selecting the appropriate modality of treatment that will provide the patient with the best cosmetic result. The complex functions and contours of the lip, the many small cosmetic subunits and the limited availability of adjacent skin make the preservation of function and appearance difficult. Five cases comprised of 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case of basal cell carcinoma on the lip, particulary involved in the vermilion border. Five cases of malignant tumors were removed by total excision, followed by reconstructive surgery, such as A-T advancement flap, and advancernent flap after fusiform excision with angles greater than 30o (i.e., 60o), W-plasty, bilateral opposing advancement flap. We can treat malignant tumors on the lip involved upto one half of the total length by simple excision followed by reconstructive surgery under local anesthesia without great hazards. In our experience, surgical treatment is one of the best treatments for malignant tumors.
Anesthesia, Local ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Humans ; Lip* ; Skin

No abstract available.

Percutaenous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is widely used to control cholangitis, sepsis, or jaundice caused by biliary tree obstruction. The PTBD tract can be used in percutaneous biliary stone extraction in pre-or post-operative state when ERCP is failed or operation is contraindicated. We performed 16 cases of percutaneous transhepatic biliary stone removal. Locations of biliay stones are combined intrahepatic and extrahepatic in 8 cases (50%), only extrahepati in 7 cases (44%), and only intrahepatic in 1 case (6%). The number of stones was single in 6 cases and multiple in 10 cases. Over all success rate was 81% (13/16), 93% (14/15) in extrahepatic stones and 78% (7/9) in intrahepatic stones. In 5 of 6 cases, complete stone removal was impossible due to marked tortuosity of T-tube tract or peripherally located stones, complete removal of biliary stones was achieved via a new PTBD tract. No significant pre-or post-procedure complication was occured. Percutaneous removal of biliary stones via PTBD tract is an effective and safe alternative method in difficult cases in the menagement of biliary tract stones.
Biliary Tract ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis ; Drainage ; Jaundice ; Methods ; Sepsis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the optical properties of pre-colored dental monolithic zirconia ceramics of various thicknesses sintered in a microwave and those in a conventional furnace. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A2-shade of pre-colored monolithic zirconia ceramic specimens (22.0 mm × 22.0 mm) in 3 thickness groups of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm were divided into 2 subgroups according to the sintering methods (n=9): microwave and conventional sintering. A spectrophotometer was used to obtain CIELab color coordinates, and translucency parameters and CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE 00) were measured. The relative amount of monoclinic phase (X(m)) was estimated with x-ray diffraction. The surface topography was analyzed by atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope. Statistical analyses were conducted with two-way ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS: There were small interaction effects on CIE L*, a*, and TP between sintering method and thickness (P<.001): L* (partial eta squared η(p)²=0.115), a* (η(p)²=0.136), and TP (η(p)²=0.206), although higher b* values were noted for microwave sintering regardless of thickness. Color differences between two sintering methods ranged from 0.52 to 0.96 ΔE(00) units. The X(m) values ranged from 7.03% to 9.89% for conventional sintering, and from 7.31% to 9.17% for microwave sintering. The microwave-sintered specimen demonstrated a smoother surface and a more uniform grain structure compared to the conventionally-sintered specimen. CONCLUSION: With reduced processing time, microwave-sintered pre-colored dental monolithic zirconia ceramics can exhibit similar color perception and translucency to those by conventional sintering.
Ceramics* ; Clothing ; Color Perception ; Methods ; Microwaves* ; Spectrophotometry ; X-Ray Diffraction