FIGO stage III endometrial carcinoma, which is extending outside the uterus, but limited to the true pelvis represent a small subgroup of patients with endometrial carcinoma. This stage of disease is uncommon and only limited experience is available regarding the management of this advanced stage of disease. And isolated vaginal recurrence of endometrial carcinoma occurs infrequently following hysterectomy and appropriate use of external beam irradiation and brachytherapy. We experienced one case of recurrent endometrial carcinoma at the vagina after total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy for stage III endometrial cancer in 41-year old woman who was treated with complete local excision of vaginal recurrent cancer mass and locovaginal radiotherapy. The clinicopathologic finding and a review of literature on endometrial carcinoma were described briefly.
Adult ; Brachytherapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lesser Pelvis ; Radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Recurrence ; Uterus ; Vagina*

The intestines and hearts of dogs were examined for Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, and Dirofilaria immitis, after necropsy between June 26 and September 29, 2004 in Chuncheon, Korea. Of the 662 dogs examined, 6 were infected with T. canis (0.9%), 86 with T. leonina (13.0%). Fifty dogs were infected with D. immitis among 500 dogs examined (10.0%). Five were co-infected with T. canis and T. leonina, and three were co-infected with T. leonina and D. immitis. The cumulative positive infection rate for three species was 134/662 (20.2%). Considering previously reported seropositive rates of T. canis excretory-secretory antigen, i.e., 5% in the adult population in Korea, the possibility of toxocariasis caused by T. leonina should be reevaluated.
Animals ; Dirofilaria immitis/*isolation & purification ; Dirofilariasis/*epidemiology ; Dog Diseases/*epidemiology ; Dogs ; Feces/parasitology ; Heart/parasitology ; Intestines/parasitology ; Korea/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Toxocara/*isolation & purification ; Toxocara canis/isolation & purification ; Toxocariasis/*epidemiology

In 2008, Korea has enacted new ordinances about the role of estheticians, but this law can be interpreted ambiguously, restricting hiring of estheticians in medical clinics. The purpose of the study is to obtain information about medical-esthetic systems in other countries. We have taken a survey of this object from 30 OECD & Asian countries, and the questionnaires returned from a total of 22 countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Singapore, Israel, and Thailand), were used for the final analysis. The results are summarized as follows. In most countries, estheticians working independently deal with only healthy, normal skin. In most countries, estheticians working independently have no right to operate any medical instruments. In all 17 countries that returned the questionnaires medical clinics can employ estheticians, and only theses estheticians who belong to the medical clinics can handle the non-invasive medical instruments under the supervision of doctors. In 17 countries that have related legal regulations, nurses, under the control of doctors, can perform wider range of duties in various settings than estheticians. The survey concludes that the duties of estheticians are closely related with medical skin care services and estheticians can perform various non-invasive medical procedures only under the control of doctors. From consulting a variety of medical-esthetic systems in other countries, we propose that the estheticians be allowed to work in medical clinics to provide better medical services for the patients and to make more chances of employment for themselves.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Austria ; Canada ; Denmark ; Employment ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Hungary ; Israel ; Japan ; Jurisprudence ; Korea ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Organization and Administration ; Portugal ; Questionnaires ; Singapore ; Skin ; Skin Care ; Slovakia ; Social Control, Formal ; Spain ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United States

PURPOSE: This study was attempted to investigate the prevalence of the expression of c-fos protein, TGF-alpha and -beta, PCNA , DNA ploidy pattern and histopathological parameters of giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone and to correlate with prognosis and to extend our understanding on tumorigenesis of GCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty eight cases of paraffin-embedded tissue were studied, classified as recurrent (5 cases) and non-recurrent group (12cases) within the limits of the cases which afforded surgical material on first operation. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in cellularity of stromal cells, atypia of stromal and giant cells, presence of hemorrhage and necrosis between recurrent and non-recurrent group. However, presence of more than 10 mitotic figures in 10 high power fields in recurrent group was significantly higher than non-recurrent group (p<0.05). The immunoreactivity for PCNA was seen only in nuclei of stromal cells, whereas nuclei of giant cells showed negative staining. The positivity of PCNA revealed no significant difference between non-recurrent (mean; 40.9%) and recurrent group (34.4%). The expression of c-fos oncogene was seen in 5 cases (100%) in recurrent group, and 8 cases (66.7%) in non-recurrent group, and no significant difference was seen. No significant difference of expression of TGF-alpha was seen in 5 cases (100%) in recurrent group and in 11 cases (91.7%) in non-recurrent group. The expression of TGF-beta in stromal cells was significantly higher in non-recurrent group (80%) compared to recurrent group (100%) (p<0.05). In DNA analysis out of 18 cases, 4 cases (22.2%) were aneuploidy and 14 cases (77.8%) were diploidy. Among 4 aneuploidy cases, 3 cases (75%) had no recurrence, and 1 case (25%) had metastasis to lung and expired. No significant difference of DNA ploidy pattern was seen between the recurrent and non-recurrent group. CONCLUSION: Presence of more than 10 mitotic figures in 10 high power fields and less expression of TGF-beta are related to higher possibility of recurrence and it is suggested that the number of mitotic figure (more than 10/10HPF) and expression of TGF-beta could be helpful parameters in predicting recurrence of GCT.
Aneuploidy ; Carcinogenesis ; Diploidy ; DNA* ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone* ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Necrosis ; Negative Staining ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogenes ; Ploidies ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Recurrence ; Stromal Cells ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors*

Hand-foot syndrome, also known as acral erythema, is a distinctive and relatively common toxic reaction due to some anticancer drugs. It is characterized by a painful erythema on the palms and soles during chemotherapy, which is often preceeded by paresthesia. We report two cases of hand-foot syndrome induced by capecitabine, which is a relatively brand-new oral anticancer agent. Hand-foot syndrome is one of the most common complications of capecitabine, and is on the increase. Therefore, dermatologists should be aware of it.
Drug Therapy ; Erythema ; Hand-Foot Syndrome* ; Paresthesia ; Capecitabine

We present a patient who developed a pseudolymphoma after ear piercing. A patch test showed gold sensitivity. Therefore, long standing dermal exposure to gold from a pierced-type earring might have produced the patient's disease. This patient did not respond to an intralesional steroid injection and was finally treated with a complete resection of the lesion. It is proposed that every patient with a hyperplastic lesion in the ear lobe should be taken a biopsy in order to rule out the possibility of a pseudolymphoma. When a pseudolymphoma develops in the ear lobe, a complete surgical excision could be the treatment of choice, especially for the prevention of recurrence.
Biopsy ; Body Piercing* ; Ear* ; Humans ; Patch Tests ; Pseudolymphoma* ; Recurrence

These days, the epidural administration. of morphine is commonly used for postoperative pain re lief because even small amount of morphine (3mg) is enough to have an effect on specific opiates receptors of the spinal canal. We report a prospective double blind study of the efficacy of a single epidural dose of morphine on pain after spinal decompression. Postoperative pain was assessed by a linear analogue pain score and by the additional require ment for systemic analgesics. The results obtained are as follows:l. In spinal decompression, the adminitration of epidural morphine is easy, effective and safe because the epidural space has been already exposured during operation. 2. After operation the epidural route of morphine administration will give pain relief for up to 12 hours excellently. 3. When epidural morphine is given at the time of operations, the use of systemic analgesics is much reduced. 4. The side effects of epidural morphine are much reduced due to the small amount of morphine required. This simple procedure is recommended as an effective and safe method of reducing postoperative pain.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Decompression ; Double-Blind Method ; Epidural Space ; Methods ; Morphine ; Pain, Postoperative ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Canal

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topical aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has increasingly been used for the treatment of acne vulgaris and several studies have shown its clinical efficacy. However, ALA-PDT needs a relatively long incubation period and is frequently associated with adverse effects. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) has been introduced as a new photosensitizer for the treatment of acne in recent study. IAA-PDT requires only a short incubation period and the procedure is relatively painless in contrast to ALA-PDT. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of IAA- PDT in the treatment of acne. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with facial acne lesions were enrolled in this study. IAA-PDT was performed for five sessions at 1-week intervals (week 0~4). IAA was treated with 15 minute occlusion, and green light was given for 15 minutes. Clinical efficacy was determined by evaluating acne lesion counts, severity grading, and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at week 0, 2, 4, and 5. Sebum secretion and erythema index was measured by Sebumeter and Mexameter, respectively, at baseline and one week after each treatment session (week 1~5). Histopathological examination was performed at baseline and week 5. Adverse effects were recorded throughout the study. RESULTS: All the patients completed the study. Numbers of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions were significantly decreased. Acne severity grade and the DLQI showed significant reduction. Sebum secretion and erythema were also reduced. Histopathological examination showed a reduction in inflammatory reactions. No adverse effects were observed except for transient pruritus in one patient. CONCLUSION: PDT using IAA and green light was an effective, simple and safe treatment for acne.
Acne Vulgaris ; Aminolevulinic Acid ; Dermatology ; Erythema ; Humans ; Indoleacetic Acids ; Light ; Photochemotherapy ; Pruritus ; Quality of Life ; Sebum ; Triazenes

No abstract available.
Galectin 3* ; Skin*

Many treatments for perianal squamous cell carcinoma in situ have been used. Surgery and cryotherapy, which are known to be the most effective treatment for this disease, may have high risk of cosmetic and functional deformity. We have treated squamous cell carcinoma in situ in renal transplant patient with 5% imiquimod successfully. With the experience of our treatment for squamous cell carcinoma in situ, 5% imiquimod cream can be an alternative treatment option of squamous cell carcinoma in situ of anus.
Anal Canal ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cryotherapy ; Humans