No abstract available.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head*

BACKGROUND: An intensive and ongoing surveillance program is effective for preventing the hospital infections. but it is time-consuming to detect all cases of hospital infections. So, labratory-based surveillance was performed with the aid of personal computer. The software 'MICRO' that coded and used privately was written in FoxPro 2.0 code. METHODS: All results of the microbiologic culture were stocked in the software and hospital infections were detected by review d an positive microbiology reports and daily ward rounds with examination of patient progress notes. If there was any suggestion or evidence of outbreak of hospital infections the data were analyzed by the 'MICRO' and reported to hospital infections control committee. RESULTS: We detected the outbreak of nosoccmial pneumonia due to a putative single species of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the neurosurgical ward at May, 1996. The suggestive outbreak of wound infections in the 7th ward at April, 1966 was denied by the 'MICRO'. The possible outbreak of 10th ward at May, 1996 was detected. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a surveillance method that identifies excessive rates of positive culture on patient location culture site, and organism indentification using the 'MICRO'. We were able to monitor patient-to-patient cross-infections and possible breakdowns in proper technique, and expect suggestive outbreak of infections early. These results demonstrate that computer analysis of positive culture rates by 'MICRO' is a sensitive and time-efficient method for detecting potentially preventable hospital infections.
Cross Infection* ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Microcomputers* ; Pneumonia ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Cytarabine* ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preterm labor & preterm infants care in Kwangju and Chonam. METHODS: A study was conducted for 2,360 newborns who were born at four main hospitals in Kwangju and chonam from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1997. Data were collected by review of hospital records. RESULTS: 1. The survival rate was 6.90% at 23~34 weeks, 38.60% at 27~28weeks and 90.67% after 31wks. 2. The survival rate divided according to birth weight were 8.89% below 1,000gm, 57.14% in 1,001~1,500gm, 86.75% in 1,501~2,000gm and 93.37% over 2,000gm respectively. 3. Clinical causes of neonatal death were RDS(48.84%) hyperbilirubinemia (20.74%), sepsis(11.95%) and pneumonia(9.67%). 4. Incidence of RDS was 23.22% and it's neonatal mortality was 36.28%. CONCLUSION: The survival rate of preterm birth in Kwang-Ju and Chon-nam was still lower than data from advancing countries, and main cause of neonatal death was respiratory distress syndrome.
Birth Weight ; Female ; Gwangju* ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to evaluate obstetric aspects and epidemiologic data of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in premature baby(under 37 gestational weeks). We compared the mortality and incidence of RDS in premature baby according to gestational age, birth weight, infant sex, mode of delivery. In addition, this study was searched for demonstrating the influence of hypertensive mother, and effectiveness of surfactant and corticosteoid administration. METHODS: A study was conducted for 2,360 premature baby under 37gestatinal weeks, who were born at four main hospitals in Kwangju and Chonnam from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1997. Data were collected from hospital records and was analyzed by SPSS computer program. RESULTS: 1. The total incidence of RDS among all the preterm infants under 37gestational weeks, who were admitted in NICU of four hospitals was 22.7%. 2. Neonatal mortality was decreased as the gestational age and or birth weight advanced. (p<0.001) 3. There was no difference in the incidence of RDS according to sex and mode of delivery. (p>0.005) 4. The mortality of RDS infants in this study was 28.1%. 5. There was no statistical correlation between neonatal mortality and use of surfactant. 6. Corticosteroids administration to preterm mother did not decrease the incidence of RDS, but, there was no statistical significance due to insufficient study group. 7. The incidence of RDS among the babies of hypertensive mother was 21.0%. CONCLUSION: Still the RDS in premature baby is the most common cause of perinatal death in this country. In our study, the incidence and mortality of RDS in prematue baby was mainly depends on gestational age of infants. Therefore, we suggested that prevention of preterm labor is the important to decrease the incidence and mortality of RDS.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Gwangju* ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Jeollanam-do ; Mortality ; Mothers ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Fusidic Acid* ; Sodium*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Rectum*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to discover ways to screen urine culture specimens through Gram stains, urine stick analyses and microscopic examinations for the laboratory cost saving. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-eight urine specimens for culture were included. Fifty uL of urine were inoculated onto one well each of 10-well slide, dried on the hot plate, and Gram-stained. The results combined with routine urinalyses including urine nitrite and leukocyte esterase, and pyuria, were compared with the routine culture results. RESULTS: The screening of bacteriuria by Gram stains, urinalyses and microscopic examinations revealed the high sensitivity (91.9%) and negative predictive value(95.5%) with cost saving of 41.8% of inoculating media. Not considering the Gram stains, the screening revealed 83.8% sensitivity and 92.5% negative predictive value, even if the cost saving of inoculating media were as high as 50.1%. CONCLUSION: It was demonstrated that it was sensitive and economic and produced rapid preliminary results to screen bacteriuria by the Gram stains combined with urinalyses and microscopic examinations.
Bacteriuria ; Coloring Agents ; Cost Savings ; Leukocytes ; Mass Screening* ; Pyuria ; Urinalysis*

Speckled lentiginous nevus is a clinical variant of nevus-cell nevus first described by Stewart et al. in 1978. It is characterized by small, dark hyperpigmentated speckles superimposed on a tannish-brown background. The speckled areas show varying histologic patterns ranging from nevus incipiens to junctional or compound nevus. The back ground shows histologic features of Ientigo simplex. Recently, we observed clinical and histological features of 5 cases of speckled lentiginous nevi. The age of onset ranges from birth to infancy, The locations are face, thigh, back and scapula. One has zosteriform distribution in upper extrernity, chest and back. Histologic features of speckles are junctional or compound nevus. We suggest that the origin of dark speckles may be from the tannish-brown background, lentigo simplex.
Age of Onset ; Lentigo ; Nevus* ; Parturition ; Scapula ; Thigh ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Sarcoma, Myeloid*