Objective To explore the ill experience of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT),and supply reference for making corresponding intervention.Methods The qualitative phenomenological study method was adopted in this study.Self-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 patients with deep vein thrombosis and data were collected for analysis.Results After repeated refinement of the collected data,the early ill experience of deep vein thrombosis could be extracted as 4 topics.Conclusions According to the ill experience of patients with DVT,nurses can provide targeted intervention for such diseases to instruct clients to rehabilitate rapidly and improve the patients' quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanisms of tumor inhibiting and immunoloregulation of Mylabris Mixture on H22 cancer-bearing mice. METHODS: H22 cancer-bearing mice were chosen to observe the effects of tumor inhibiting and detect the proliferation function of T lymphocytes, the toxicity function of NK cells, the changes of T lymphocytes and the contents of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4. RESULTS: Mylabris Mixture could obviously inhibit the growth of H22 cancer in mice, and the tumor inhibition rat was 65.76%. The stimulation index of T lymphocyte transformation and percentage of NK cells in Mylabris Mixture-treated group were obviously higher than those in the normal control group. The subpopulation proportion of T lymphocytes in Mylabris Mixture-treated group was changed more than the normal control group. The production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 by T lymphocytes obviously increased in Mylabris Mixture-treated group (P<0.05, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Mylabris Mixture has the effect of inhibiting the growth of tumor constitution, and regulating immunological function on mice with tumor. Its mechanisms include the reinforcement of T lymphocyte immune function, NK cell killing function and humoral immune function.

OBJECT IVE To e stablish the method for simultaneous determination of levetiracetam and carbamazepine concentrations in human plasma. METHODS After plasma samples were precipitated with methanol ，using carbamazepine-D 10 as the internal standard ，the concentrations of levetiracetam and carbamazepine were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS）. The determination was performed on XBridge BEH C 18 column with methanol-0.1％ formic acid as mobile phase （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 40℃，and sample size was 2 μL. With electrospray ion source，a multiple reaction monitoring mode was used for positive ion scanning；the detected ion pairs for quantitative analysis were m/z 171.3→126.3（levetiracetam），m/z 237.1→194.1（carbamazepine）， 247.1→204.1（internal standard ）. RESULTS The linear range of the concentrations of levetiracetam and carbamazepine were 0.5-50 and 0.2-20 μg/mL（r＝0.997 3 and 0.998 5），respectively；the lower quantitative limits were 0.5 and 0.2 μg/mL，respectively. RSDs of intra-day and inter-day were all no more than 10.00％. RE of intra-day and inter-day were within ±4.00％；the average extraction recoveries rate were 95.60％-105.00％；the average internal standard correction matrix factors were 98.40％-110.00％； RSDs of stability tests were all not higher than 5.60％. The concentrations of levetiracetam and carbamazepine in the plasma of 22 patients measured by this method were 3.36-40.90 and 3.64-9.93 μg/mL，respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established method for determining the concentration of levetiracetam and carbamazepine in human plasma is f ast，sensitive，accurate and stable ，and can be used for the monitoring of plasma concentration and pharmacokinetic study in epilepsy patients.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qili Qiangxin Capsule (QLQXC) combined with western medicine in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) comorbid with heart failure (HF) for clinical application. Methods: We searched relevant references in Chinese databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Scientific Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, and China Biology Medicine (CBM), as well as English databases including PubMed and Embase, from the foundation of the database to January 8, 2023, without language restrictions. All statistical analyses, including subgroup and sensitivity analyses, were performed using the Review Manager (version 5.4) and Stata (version 15.0). Results: QLQXC combined with western medicine significantly increased the endpoints of overall response rate (ORR) (P< 0.000 01), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (P< 0.000 01), the score of Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) (P = 0.000 2), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) (P < 0.000 01), decreased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (P < 0.000 01), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) (P = 0.03), and pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) (P < 0.000 01), and reduced the incidence of rehospitalization (P = 0.000 3) and adverse events (AEs) (P = 0.000 6) compared with those under the conventional western therapy alone. Nonetheless, no significant difference was observed in reducing the mortality between the QLQXC combined with western medicine group and the western medicine group (P = 0.30). Conclusion The combination therapy of QLQXC with western medicine can potentiate cardiac function and raise the quality of life in patients with ICM comorbid with HF.

The irrational use of Chinese patent medicines （CPM） is becoming more and more prominent， which makes the demand for clinical practice guidelines of CPM gradually increase. In order to make domestic scholars understand the latest developments and existing problems of the CPM guidelines， and promote its development， this paper introduced the concept of CPM guidelines， summarized the characteristics of the two development modes， namely “taking CPM as the key” and “taking disease/syndrome as the key”， and analyzed the current methodological status of developing and reporting CPM guidelines. Based on the existed problems， three suggestions have been put forward to optimize the quality of CPM guidelines， which were clarifying the target users and scope of CPM guidelines， establishing an open and transparent mechanism of the personnel involvement and process steps， and formulating implementable and operable recommendations for the use of CPM.

This study aimed to explore key quality control factors that affected the prognosis of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in Chinese mainland over six years (2015-2020). The data for this study were from 31 provincial and municipal hospitals (3425 hospital ICUs) and included 2 110 685 ICU patients, for a total of 27 607 376 ICU hospitalization days. We found that 15 initially established quality control indicators were good predictors of patient prognosis, including percentage of ICU patients out of all inpatients (%), percentage of ICU bed occupancy of total inpatient bed occupancy (%), percentage of all ICU inpatients with an APACHE II score ⩾15 (%), three-hour (surviving sepsis campaign) SSC bundle compliance (%), six-hour SSC bundle compliance (%), rate of microbe detection before antibiotics (%), percentage of drug deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis (%), percentage of unplanned endotracheal extubations (%), percentage of patients reintubated within 48 hours (%), unplanned transfers to the ICU (%), 48-h ICU readmission rate (%), ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) (per 1000 ventilator days), catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI) (per 1000 catheter days), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) (per 1000 catheter days), in-hospital mortality (%). When exploratory factor analysis was applied, the 15 indicators were divided into 6 core elements that varied in weight regarding quality evaluation: nosocomial infection management (21.35%), compliance with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines (17.97%), ICU resources (17.46%), airway management (15.53%), prevention of deep-vein thrombosis (14.07%), and severity of patient condition (13.61%). Based on the different weights of the core elements associated with the 15 indicators, we developed an integrated quality scoring system defined as F score=21.35%xnosocomial infection management + 17.97%xcompliance with SSC guidelines + 17.46%×ICU resources + 15.53%×airway management + 14.07%×DVT prevention + 13.61%×severity of patient condition. This evidence-based quality scoring system will help in assessing the key elements of quality management and establish a foundation for further optimization of the quality control indicator system.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross Infection/epidemiology* ; Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data* ; Quality Control ; Quality Indicators, Health Care/statistics & numerical data* ; Sepsis/therapy* ; East Asian People/statistics & numerical data*