Objective To evaluate the effects of the improved monitoring system for pressure ulcers? Method The monitoring system for pressure ulcers was improved and the measures were as follows:completing the organizational system for managing ulcers, fulfilling the regulations,revising the report form and enforcing classified nursing training? Result The accuracy rate of risk assessment and the methods for using wet dressings and negative pressure drainage were significantly improved and the effects by using decompression and skin-prevention pads were significantly better than those before improving the monitoring system(P < 0?05)?Conclusion The improved monitoring system for pressure ulcers may help to improve the clinical practice of pressure ulcers?

As a weapon of mass destruction ,the biological weapon , composed of biological warfare agents and their re-lease devices,is characterized by strong pathogenicity , large pollution areas, various routes of infection, low cost, user-friendliness and a large number of impact factors .Although the United Nations has banned the use of biological weapons , there are still some countries and regions that continue biological weapon researches .In addition, illegal use of biological warfare agents in the field of terrorism and non-military arena poses a serious threat to public safety .Early detection of bio-logical warfare agent use and determination of its type are crucial to biological weapon defense and epidemic control .There-fore, to enhance researches on rapid detection and early warning of biological warfare agents is of great significance .This paper reviews the main technologies currently applied to the field of biological warfare agent detection and their progress .

Objective To explore the behavioral dimensions and validity of the light-dark box(LDB),as an model of state anxiety in Kunming mice.Methods The behavior of adult,male,Kunming mice in LDB was recorded twice,for five minutes,with a one-week inter-trial interval.The following parameters were evaluated by factor analysis:latence for the first entry into the dark area(Latence);percentage of time exploring in the light area (Ltime%);percentage of squares crossing in the light area(Lcross%);percentage of rears in the light area (Lrear%);transitions between two areas(Transition);total number of squares crossing in the whole apparatus (Cross);total number of rears in the whole apparatus(Rear);and number of fecal boli(FB).Results There was a good intercorrelation both among Ltime%,Lcross%,Lrear%,and among Transition,Cross,Rear.A good correlation also was found between test and retest for Transition,Rear and FB.Ltime%,Lcress%and Lrear%had significant loadings on Anxiety factor(Loading%:39.54%,35.40%);Transition loaded on Locomotor factor(Loading%:23.78%,19.66%),combined with Cross;Rear loaded on Exploration factor(Loading%:13.75%,22.60%);and FB loaded on Emotionality factor(Loading%:14.42%,13.02%);Latence was not stable.Conclusion Light-dark box,as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice,comprised three behavioral dimensions:anxiety factor,LDB-activity factor(locomotor factor and exploration factor)and emotionality factor.

Objective To explore the test-retest reliability of the open field test,as a method for ethology in Kunming mice. Methods The behavior of adult male Kunming mice in the open field test was recorded twice,once for five minutes, with a one-week inter-trial interval. The following parameters were evaluated:number of central squares; number of peripheral squares; percent of central squares; number of horizontal squares; number of rearings; total score; and number of fecal boli. Subsequently,the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the agreement index (Kappa) were calculated for each of these parameters. Results Both ICC and Kappa for total score( ICC =0.902, P＜0.01; Kappa =0.680, P＜0.01; r=0.815, P＜0.01 ) showed a good reliability and correlation between the test trials. Only ICC for number of central squares ( ICC = 0. 578, P ＜ 0.01 ), number of peripheral squares( ICC =0.615, P＜0.01 ) ,percent of central squares(ICC=0.523, P＜0.01) ,number of horizontal squares( ICC = 0. 607, P ＜ 0.01 ) and number of rearings ( ICC = 0. 606, P ＜ 0.01 ) indicated a fair reliability between the test trials. Neither ICC nor Kappa for number of fecal boli displayed a significant reliability between the test trials. The difference of these parameters between test and retest, such as number of peripheral squares( t =3.01, P＜0.01 ),number of horizontal squares( t = 3.34, P ＜ 0.01 ) and total score( t = 7.86, P ＜ 0.01 ) were significant. Conclusion The parameter,total score for Kunming mice in the open field test,is found to be stable over time, and indicates a good reliability with a one-week inter-trial interval.

The vitamin-mineral enriched flour (VMF) was a byproduct obtained from a new processing technique of flour milling, and rich in vitamin B group, minerals and dietary fibers.The addition of 10 or 20% VMF to the stock diet composed mainly of white flour failed to improve PER and growth rate of young rats. When the rats were fed the tested diet for 6 weeks, in which the VMF served as the only diet source ot riboflavin, blood glutathione reductase activity coefficient was 1.13 and 1.09 respectively. This indicated that the amount of riboflavin supplied by VMF could maintain an adequate level in the body of the rats.Adult rats were fed high cholesterol plus 10, 20 and 30% VMF, the contents of serum cholesterol, liver lipids and liver cholesterol were similar to those of the normal diet group, these contents, however, in control group were increased obviously. The results suggested that VMF could protect the rats from the increment of serum cholesterol, liver lipids and cholesterol.

Objective: To study the influence of allopurinol and febuxostat on IL-1β and NALP3 levels and liver and kidney function in gout patients with hyperuricemia. Methods: A total of 108 patients with stable gout accompanied by hyperuricemia were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table, with 54 cases in each group.The control group was given allopurinol 100mg/time, orally, 3 times/d.The observation group was given febuxostat 40mg/time, orally, 1 time/d.The two groups were treated 4 weeks for 1 course, continuous treatment for 6 courses.The contents of serum IL-1β and NALP3, and renal function[creatinine(Scr), urea nitrogen(BUN), glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and uric acid(UA)], liver function[alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)]of the two groups were detected, and the adverse reaction of the two groups were observed. Results: After treatment, the contents of serum IL-1β and NALP3 of the observation group decreased gradually, which were lower than those of the control group(t=1.910, 2.196, 4.954, 1.732, 5.944, 7.935, all P<0.05). After treatment, the blood UA of the two groups decreased significantly, the blood UA of the observation group was lower than the control group(t=9.772, P<0.05). The other kidney function indicators had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (t=0.082, 0.923, 1.395, all P>0.05). The liver function indicators of the two groups had no statistically significant differences(t=0.860, 0.563, all P>0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the observation group was 5.77%, which was lower than 20.75% in the control group(χ²=5.101, P=0.024). Conclusion Febuxostat in the treatment of gout with hyperuricemia can effectively reduce the level of serum UA, and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and NALP3, with high safety, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of inflammatory biomarkers [neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR)] combined with tumor markers [carbohydrate antigen (CA)125, CA199] in mature cystic teratoma (MCT) patients possess torsion.Methods:The clinical data of patients with MCT diagnosed by surgery and pathology in the third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from March 2013 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 31 MCT patients with torsion were included in observation group , another 101 MCT patients without torsion were assigned to the control group.Clinical characteristics and the levels of NLR, MLR, PLR, CA125, CA199 were assessed and analyzed.Results:The inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, MLR, PLR) and tumor markers (CA125) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Univariate regression analysis was used to screen variables with statistical significance, including NLR, PLR, CA125 and CA199 ( P<0.05), and multivariate logistic regression was used to construct a prediction model for diagnose MCT patients with torsion , which combined NLR and CA199 ( P<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of NLR, PLR, CA125, CA199 and the combined prediction models of NLR and CA199 were 0.83, 0.72, 0.69, 0.60 and 0.86, respectively. Among them, the joint prediction model of NLR and CA199 had the highest diagnostic efficiency, with a sensitivity of 77.42% and a specificity of 82.18% ( P<0.05). In the observation group, the accuracy of combined prediction model of NLR and CA199 in the diagnosis of MCT pedicle torsion was higher than that of ultrasound (87.10% vs 61.29%), but according to the clinical symptoms and ultrasonic examination, 90.32% of the patients were diagnosed as MCT pedicle torsion. Conclusions:The inflammatory biomarkers and tumor markers have useful clinical significance in the diagnosis of MCT with torsion, especially the combine measurement of NLR and CA199. Associated with the patient's symptoms, signs, examination included doppler ultrasound may assist in improving the diagnostic accuracy .

Objective To summarize the clinical features of patients with ovarian tumor associated anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis,and to explore the influence of operation patterns on the prognosis.Methods The clinical data of ovarian tumors with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2009 to December 2018 were collected,and the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis were analyzed.Results A total of 110 patients with ovarian tumors and anti-NMDAR encephalitis were collected.All patients were positive for anti-NMDAR antibodies in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid.The age of onset ranged from 10 to 35 years (24.6 ±5.7).About 60.9％ patients'initial symptom was psychosis.The main clinical features were psychosis (97.3％),seizures (83.6％),conscious disturbance (72.7％),autonomic dysfunction (64.5％),dyskinesia (64.5％),central hypoventilation (54.5％) and impaired memory (31.8％).Most patients'symptoms were relieved after surgery and immunotherapy.Postoperative pathological results revealed that ovarian teratoma accounted for 97.8％ of the ovarian tumor.The prognosis of patients with surgery was better than the patients without surgery,with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The prognosis of patients with adnexectomy was better than the patients with ovarian tumor excision,with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Anti-NMDAR encephalitis,with psycho-neurological symptoms as dominant manifestation,is usually associated with ovarian tumor.For young female patients with psychosis,clinicians should be alert to the possibility of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and screen for tumor.Patients with adnexectomy and immunotherapy can get a better prognosis.

The full length cDNA of silkworm hibadh gene was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE (Rapid amplification of cDNA ends) technique. The hibadh gene and its deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed. The tissue distribution of hibadh gene in 5th instar silkworm larvae was tested by RT-PCR. The expression patterns of hibadh gene in simulated weightless environment were analyzed by real time RT-PCR. The results showed that the full length hibadh cDNA sequence was 1074 bp in lenth, including an open read frame of 969 bp encoding the entire coding region of Hibadh (GenBank accession No. EU719652). The deduced amino acid sequence similarities of hibadh between silkworm and Burkholderia ambifaria, Drosophila melanogaster, Apis mellifera, Xenopus tropicalis, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens were 46%, 43%, 48%, 44%, 45%, 45%, respectively. Signal peptide analysis showed that Hibadh was a secretory protein. There wasn't glycosyl-phosphatidyl inositol anchor site in Hibadh amino acid sequence. Molecular weight and isoelectric point of Hibadh were 34.1 kD and 9.14 respectively. The RT-PCR tests indicated that the hibadh gene expressed in head, silk gland, midgut, cuticle, blood, fat body, tuba malpighii of the 5th instar silkworm larvae. There were different expression patterns of hibadh gene during different silkworm embryo period in simulated weightless environment. Simulated weightlessness resulted in the expression of silkworm hibadh gene up regulated 2.3-fold (P < 0.05), up regulated 4.6-fold (P<0.01), down regulated 7.6-fold (P < 0.01), down regulated 2.6-fold (P < 0.05) during apophysis formation period, inverse period, trachea formation period, and whole embryo period, respectively. There was no significant change of hibadh gene expression during other period of silkworm embryo between simulated weightless and control groups. There were different response patterns to simulated weightless environment between hibadh gene and whole body of silkworm. Gene showed much higher sensitivity compared to whole body in response to environment. This study is useful for the further research on the gravity biological mechanism of hibadh gene.
Alcohol Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bombyx ; enzymology ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Computer Simulation ; Genes, Insect ; genetics ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Weightlessness

Objective To observe the expression levels of serum osteopontin (OPN),adenosine kinase 1 (TK1) and secretory protein Dikkopf 1 (DKK1) in patients with lung cancer and their clinical significances.Methods Lung cancer patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University from February 2017 to April 2018 were selected as the lung cancer group (60 cases),and 60 healthy adults who received physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group.The differences of serum OPN,TK1 and DKK1 levels between the lung cancer group and the control group and lung cancer patients with different characteristics were compared.Measurement data were compared by using t test.Results The levels of serum OPN,TK1 and DKK1 in lung cancer patients were (38.56±3.18) μg/L,(4.69±1.03) pmol/L and (3.76±0.89) ng/ml,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group [(15.98±2.06) μg/L,(1.01±0.22)pmol/L,(1.21±0.24) ng/ml;t =-46.162,-27.064,-21.428,all P ＜ 0.01].The levels of serum OPN,TK1 and DKK1 in lung cancer patients of different ages and gender had no statistical differences (all P ＞ 0.05).The levels of serum OPN,TK 1 and DKK1 in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ lung cancer patients were (57.18 ±3.12) μg/L,(6.26±1.28) pmol/L and (4.98±1.03) ng/ml,respectively,which were higher than those in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ lung cancer patients [(30.35±2.96) μg/L,(3.49±0.67) pmol/L,(3.01±0.96) ng/ml;t =-34.156,-10.690,-7.665,all P ＜ 0.01].The levels of serum OPN,TK 1 and DKK1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were (55.13±5.02) μg/L,(5.96±1.11) pmol/L and (5.02±1.32) ng/ml,respectively,which were higher than those in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients [(29.68±3.16) μg/L,(3.13±0.98) pmol/L,(2.86±0.56) ng/ml;t =-22.353,-10.213,-7.688,all P ＜ 0.01].Conclusion The levels of serum OPN,TK1 and DKK1 in patients with lung cancer are higher,which are related to the type and stage of lung cancer.